{"id":5018,"date":"2021-02-26T12:13:54","date_gmt":"2021-02-26T12:13:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/?p=5018"},"modified":"2021-02-26T14:14:20","modified_gmt":"2021-02-26T14:14:20","slug":"ancient-roman-gladiator-ads","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/ancient-roman-gladiator-ads\/","title":{"rendered":"Ancient Roman Gladiator Ads"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>In light of this year is a bit different in the world of sports, let us take a look at Ancient Roman Gladiator ads. These ads in a time with no television or newspaper was possible through billboard status or graffiti. This post will be highlighting some graffiti inscriptions that showcase fans adoring different gladiators. In order to provide some background to some basic gladiator roles, I have included a basic description of the following.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_5019\" style=\"width: 810px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter post-item__attachment\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-5019\" class=\"wp-image-5019 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/15\/2021\/02\/800px-Graffito_mit_Dipinti_aus_Pompeji_CIL_IV_10237.jpg\" alt=\"Ancient Roman Gladiator Ad\" width=\"800\" height=\"359\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/15\/2021\/02\/800px-Graffito_mit_Dipinti_aus_Pompeji_CIL_IV_10237.jpg 800w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/15\/2021\/02\/800px-Graffito_mit_Dipinti_aus_Pompeji_CIL_IV_10237-350x157.jpg 350w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/15\/2021\/02\/800px-Graffito_mit_Dipinti_aus_Pompeji_CIL_IV_10237-768x345.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-5019\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">A graffito from Pompeii that shows musicians, the emperor, and a fight between a murmill\u014d and a sec\u016btor.<br \/>Graffito mit Dipinti aus Pompeji (CIL IV 10237). Public Domain. The above graffiti comes from Pompeii and advertises a\u00a0<em>munus<\/em> in the nearby town of Nola. The image shows a Thracian with small shield (right) fighting a secutor, the usual pairing for these gladiators. The text says:&#8221;At Nola there will be a\u00a0<em>munus\u00a0<\/em>of Marcus Cominius Heres for four days. Princeps of the Neronian\u00a0<em>ludus\u00a0<\/em>fought 13, 10 wins; Hilarius of the Neronian\u00a0<em>ludus\u00a0<\/em>fought 14, 12 victories, Creunus fought 7, 5 wins.&#8221;<\/p><\/div>\n<h2>Ancient Roman Gladiator:<\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-4416 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/15\/2019\/01\/Gladiators_from_the_Zliten_mosaic_3-350x154.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"350\" height=\"154\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/15\/2019\/01\/Gladiators_from_the_Zliten_mosaic_3-350x154.jpg 350w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/15\/2019\/01\/Gladiators_from_the_Zliten_mosaic_3-768x337.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/15\/2019\/01\/Gladiators_from_the_Zliten_mosaic_3.jpg 911w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>The word\u00a0<i>gladiator\u00a0<\/i>meaning\u00a0\u201cswordsman\u201d, from the word\u00a0<i title=\"Latin language text\">gladius\u00a0<\/i>\u201csword.\u201d This is interesting because not all <em>gladiators\u00a0<\/em>use a sword. Also, gladiators were often slaves with a few <a href=\"https:\/\/www.history.com\/news\/10-things-you-may-not-know-about-roman-gladiators\">minor exceptions<\/a>. The following are types of gladiators:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Retiarius <\/strong>fought with a trident and net<strong>.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Secutor <\/strong>was armed with a sword and they carried a shield and wore a smooth helmet.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Murmillo <\/strong>or fish-man, wore a heavy helmet and fought with a sword, and carried a shield.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Hoplomachus <\/strong>fought with a lance and a dagger and carried a small circular shield.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Thraex <\/strong>was dressed like a warrior from Thrace in northern Greece and was armed with a curved sword and carried a small shield.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Samnite <\/strong>was heavily armed with a short sword and heavy shield.\n<p><div id=\"attachment_4267\" style=\"width: 360px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright post-item__attachment\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4267\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-4267\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/15\/2017\/01\/Borghese_gladiator_1_mosaic_dn_r2_c2-350x233.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"350\" height=\"233\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/15\/2017\/01\/Borghese_gladiator_1_mosaic_dn_r2_c2-350x233.jpg 350w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/15\/2017\/01\/Borghese_gladiator_1_mosaic_dn_r2_c2.jpg 354w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-4267\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Gladiator Mosaic, on display at the Galleria Borghese, is one of the earliest known examples of contemporary art with gladiators as subjects. Courtesy of Wikimedia Commons.<\/p><\/div><\/li>\n<li><strong>Provocator <\/strong>were the only type of gladiators to wear a full breastplate and they also wore a helmet with a visor and were armed with a sword and shield.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Eques <\/strong>entered the arena mounted on a horse. They started their fights on horseback with lances but finished on foot with a sword.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Essedarius <\/strong>rode into the arena on chariots pulled by horses and was armed with both a lance and a sword.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Dimachaerius <\/strong>fought\u00a0with two daggers and little armor to weigh him down.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Laquerarius <\/strong>was just like a retiarius (see above), but instead of a net, they used a lasso to trap their opponent.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sagittarius <\/strong>was armed with a bow and wore a lightweight pointed helmet.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Andabatus <\/strong>carried lances and wore helmets without eye holes and charged blindly at their opponents.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div id=\"attachment_4428\" style=\"width: 360px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright post-item__attachment\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4428\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-4428\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/15\/2019\/01\/761px-Pompei_Gladiatoren_AE_1914_00157-350x276.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"350\" height=\"276\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/15\/2019\/01\/761px-Pompei_Gladiatoren_AE_1914_00157-350x276.jpg 350w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/15\/2019\/01\/761px-Pompei_Gladiatoren_AE_1914_00157.jpg 761w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-4428\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">A graffito from Pompeii dating to the 1st c. CE indicates the outcome of a match between gladiators Severus and Albanus (Image via Wikimedia under CC-BY-SA 3.0 license; author Mediatus).<\/p><\/div>\n<h2>Ancient Roman Gladiator Ads:<\/h2>\n<p><em>Cumis gladiatorum paria XX et eorum suppositicii pugnabunt Kalendis Octobribus III pridie Nonas Octobres. Cruciarii, venatio et vela erunt. Curiculus scriptor Lucceio salutem.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>In Cumae, twenty pairs of gladiators and their replacements will fight in\u00a0October <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/measurements-of-time-in-latin\/\">kalends<\/a>, the day before and the day before the\u00a0October <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/measurements-of-time-in-latin\/\">nones<\/a>.\u00a0There will be crucified people, a hunt, in tents.\u00a0Curiculus, who writes, greets Lucceius.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Cnaei Allei Nigidi Mai quinquennalis sine impensa publica gladiatorum paria XX et eorum suppositicii pugnabunt Pompeis. Telephe summa rudis instrumentum muneris ubique vale . Diadumeno et Pyladioni feliciter.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>20 pairs of gladiators of Gnaeus Alleius Nigidius Maius, quinquennial, and their substitutes will fight without any public expense at Pompeii. Greetings to Gavillius Tigellus and Clodius. Greetings to Telephus, head gladiator instructor. Good luck, Diadumenus and Pyladio (<\/strong>C.I.L. IV 7991 House of Trebius Valens iii.2.1)<\/p>\n<p><em>Suspirium puellarum Celadus thraex.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>Celadus the Thracier makes the girls moan! <\/strong>(C.I.L. IV, 4397; in the barracks of the gladiators)<\/p>\n<p>So, to learn more about Gladiator Graffiti inscriptions click <a href=\"https:\/\/sourcebooks.fordham.edu\/ancient\/pompeii-inscriptions.asp\">here<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Furthermore, next month we will be taking a look at another type of graffiti and how it is similar to social media and texting.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<img width=\"350\" height=\"157\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/15\/2021\/02\/800px-Graffito_mit_Dipinti_aus_Pompeji_CIL_IV_10237-350x157.jpg\" class=\"attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/15\/2021\/02\/800px-Graffito_mit_Dipinti_aus_Pompeji_CIL_IV_10237-350x157.jpg 350w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/15\/2021\/02\/800px-Graffito_mit_Dipinti_aus_Pompeji_CIL_IV_10237-768x345.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/15\/2021\/02\/800px-Graffito_mit_Dipinti_aus_Pompeji_CIL_IV_10237.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\" \/><p>In light of this year is a bit different in the world of sports, let us take a look at Ancient Roman Gladiator ads. These ads in a time with no television or newspaper was possible through billboard status or graffiti. This post will be highlighting some graffiti inscriptions that showcase fans adoring different gladiators&hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"post-item__readmore\"><a class=\"btn btn--md\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/ancient-roman-gladiator-ads\/\">Continue Reading<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":101,"featured_media":5019,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":""},"categories":[3691,60854],"tags":[3750,3754,60855,60869,8118],"class_list":["post-5018","post","type-post","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-latin-language","category-roman-culture","tag-latin-sentences","tag-latin-vocabulary","tag-roman-culture-2","tag-roman-history","tag-syntax"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5018","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/101"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5018"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5018\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5028,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5018\/revisions\/5028"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5019"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5018"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5018"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5018"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}