{"id":2607,"date":"2019-12-30T11:16:18","date_gmt":"2019-12-30T11:16:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/norwegian\/?p=2607"},"modified":"2019-12-30T11:16:18","modified_gmt":"2019-12-30T11:16:18","slug":"all-has-been-perfect","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/norwegian\/all-has-been-perfect\/","title":{"rendered":"All has been perfect"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"\"

Hvem har \u00e5pnet esken?<\/strong> (Free image from Pixabay; no copyright.)<\/p><\/div>\n

Hva har du f\u00e5tt til jul?<\/strong> (What have you got for Christmas?) With the festive days fresh in mind, the time has come<\/em> to look at the perfect tense.<\/p>\n

Have you ever thought about the perfect tense? It\u2019s used to talk about a span of time that includes both the present moment and the past. (That\u2019s why I didn\u2019t ask: Did<\/em> you ever think about\u2026) Notice the difference between \u201dIt has been raining all day\u201d and \u201dYesterday it was raining\u201d.<\/p>\n

In Norwegian, the perfect tense (perfektum<\/strong>) is very similar to the English one \u2013 you just use the verb \u201dto have\u201d1<\/a><\/sup>I am aware that some Norwegians<\/a> say er blitt<\/strong> (\u201dis become\u201d) and er kommet<\/strong> (\u201dis come\u201d) instead of the more widespread har blitt<\/strong> and har kommet<\/strong>. This is similar to Danish and German. For learners of Norwegian, however, it is probably easier just to stick to \u201dhave\u201d.<\/span> followed by the perfect participle (the third one in the row \u201dsee \u2013 saw \u2013 seen\u201d).<\/p>\n

Vi har sett julenissen.<\/strong> (We have seen Santa Claus.)<\/p>\n

Hvem har spist gr\u00f8ten?<\/strong> (Who has eaten the porridge?)<\/p>\n

De har ventet i flere timer.<\/strong> (They have been waiting for several hours.)<\/p>\n

Hun har akkurat kastet en sn\u00f8ball.<\/strong> (She has just thrown a snowball.)<\/p>\n

Han har bodd tre \u00e5r p\u00e5 Svalbard.<\/strong> (He has been living on Svalbard for three years.)<\/p>\n

Dere har v\u00e6rt snille.<\/strong> (You [plural] have been kind.)<\/p>\n

As you can see, the perfect participle usually ends in -t<\/strong> or -et<\/strong> in Norwegian (quite similar to -ed<\/em> in English: I have pushed<\/em>). In a very few instances, this -t<\/strong> becomes a -d<\/strong> (as in bodd<\/strong>).<\/p>\n

Please note that the participles ending in -et<\/strong> \u2013 like kastet<\/strong> (thrown) or ventet<\/strong> (waited) \u2013 are sometimes written with an -a <\/strong>ending instead: De har venta\u2026 Hun har kasta\u2026<\/strong> This is closer to spoken Norwegian, and may appear in some books and newspapers. The Norwegian language has a lot of variation! \ud83d\ude42<\/p>\n

Asking a question in the perfect tense is very straightforward in Norwegian, as is adding the word \u201dnot\u201d (ikke<\/strong>) to negate a phrase.<\/p>\n

Har du funnet n\u00f8klene mine? <\/strong>(Have you found my keys?)<\/p>\n

Vi har ikke h\u00f8rt noe.<\/strong> (We have not heard anything.)<\/p>\n

Har dere ikke sett henne?<\/strong> (Have you not seen her? = Haven\u2019t you [plural] seen her?)<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

GODT\u00a0NYTT\u00c5R\u00a02020!<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n