{"id":63,"date":"2010-06-15T16:02:07","date_gmt":"2010-06-15T16:02:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/pashto\/?p=63"},"modified":"2010-06-15T16:02:07","modified_gmt":"2010-06-15T16:02:07","slug":"pashto-alphabet-third-family","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/pashto\/pashto-alphabet-third-family\/","title":{"rendered":"Pashto Alphabet: The Third Family"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Before we get going onto the next part of the Pashto alphabet, let’s review the first two major families. First, “alef”:<\/p>\n

\u0627 \u00a0 alef<\/h2>\n

Remember that “alef” is a non-connecting letter, with only two forms – isolated and final. It is very recognizable because it shows up in Arabic, too.<\/p>\n

…<\/h1>\n

First Family\u00a0– As you can see, after “alef” the first family shares the same basic curled shape and only differs in where the\u00a0diacritical notations<\/a> are added.<\/p>\n

\u0628\u00a0be<\/h2>\n

\u067e \u00a0pe<\/h2>\n

\u062a \u00a0te<\/h2>\n

\u067c \u00a0Te<\/h2>\n

\u062b \u00a0se<\/h2>\n

See the similarities?<\/p>\n

The second group shares many characteristics. I see the second family as really the reverse-J shaped cohort, again only differing with where diacritics are placed.<\/p>\n

Second Family<\/p>\n

\u062c \u00a0 jim<\/h2>\n

\u062d \u00a0 he<\/h2>\n

\u062e \u00a0 khe<\/h2>\n

\u0686 \u00a0 che<\/h2>\n

\u0685 \u00a0 tse<\/h2>\n

\u0682 \u00a0 dze<\/h2>\n

And there you go. The first two Pashto alphabet families delivered to your doorstep in manageable, bite-sized pieces.<\/p>\n

If you’ve forgotten how each letter changes forms in its isolated, initial, medial, and final forms, consult\u00a0Part II<\/a> for the first family and\u00a0Part III<\/a> for the second family.<\/p>\n

The next letter we’ll be trying to remember is another non-connecting letter, just like “alef”. It only has two forms – isolated and final – just like “alef”.<\/p>\n

\n
\n<\/h1>\n

\u062f\u00a0daal<\/span><\/h1>\n

Transliteration: d<\/p>\n

Again, “daal” does not join to the letters preceding and following it, as most Pashto letters do.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\n

\u0689 \u00a0 \u00a0Daal<\/span><\/h1>\n

Transliteration: D<\/p>\n

“Daal” is the fourteenth letter in the Pashto alphabet. Like its predecessor “daal”, “Daal” is a non-connecting letter and therefore has only two forms: isolated and final.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

As you can see, unlike “daal”, “Daal” has different isolated and final forms. Practice on a piece of paper to get this one if it helps.<\/p>\n

\n

\u0630 \u00a0 \u00a0zaal<\/span><\/h1>\n

Transliteration: z<\/p>\n

Notice any patterns? “zaal” is also a non-connecting letter and shares the slanted, reverse-L figure with “daal” and “Daal”. It has a dot on top, but like the previous two has just isolated and final forms.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\n

\u0631 \u00a0 re<\/span><\/h1>\n

Transliteration: r<\/p>\n

The letter “re” is different in shape. Notice how the isolated form is missing the top cross marking that the final form has. Luckily there are only two to remember!<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\n

\u0693 \u00a0 Re<\/span><\/h1>\n

Transliteration: R<\/p>\n

“Re” is the same as “re” except for the curled semi-oval attached to it.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\n

Good job! We’ve just covered another 5 letters of the Pashto alphabet. In the next post, we’ll continue with this “daal”-shaped family. See you soon!<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\"\"

Before we get going onto the next part of the Pashto alphabet, let’s review the first two major families. First, “alef”: \u0627 \u00a0 alef Remember that “alef” is a non-connecting letter, with only two forms – isolated and final. It is very recognizable because it shows up in Arabic, too. … First Family\u00a0– As you…<\/p>\n

Continue Reading<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1003,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":""},"categories":[8937,9522],"tags":[8244,7465,5882,8939],"class_list":["post-63","post","type-post","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-basic","category-pashto-alphabet","tag-alphabet","tag-learn","tag-letters","tag-pashto"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/pashto\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/pashto\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/pashto\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/pashto\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/pashto\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=63"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/pashto\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":65,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/pashto\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63\/revisions\/65"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/pashto\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1003"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/pashto\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=63"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/pashto\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=63"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/pashto\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=63"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}