{"id":209,"date":"2008-08-21T11:58:05","date_gmt":"2008-08-21T15:58:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/polish\/?p=194"},"modified":"2014-06-10T14:38:49","modified_gmt":"2014-06-10T14:38:49","slug":"this-and-that-in-polish","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/polish\/this-and-that-in-polish\/","title":{"rendered":"This and That in Polish"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>The distinction between <em>\u201cthis\u201d<\/em> and <em>\u201cthat\u201d<\/em> is more or less clear in English. Or at least I\u2019ve always thought so. But as one of our readers has pointed out, while \u201cthis\u201d is easier to grasp when translated into a foreign language, things can get really goofy with <em>\u201cthat\u201d<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>Fortunately, I can assure you that people who learn English have exactly the same problem, but in the opposite direction. And just look at <em>\u201cthat\u201d<\/em> in the previous sentence. It\u2019s a different <em>\u201cthat\u201d<\/em> from when talking about <em>\u201cthat house is nice\u201d<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>See? In English <em>\u201cthat\u201d<\/em> is used just about everywhere and for just about everything.<\/p>\n<p>Translating all those <em>\u201cthats\u201d<\/em> into Polish can be a real pain. In fact, I\u2019ve been scratching my head and debating how to do it in the least painful way for the past couple of days.<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>I suppose we should start with the easiest \u201cthat\u201d of all \u2013 the demonstrative pronoun. Which is when you point at something and say \u201cnot this, THAT!\u201d<br \/>\nAs in English, in Polish there is also a distinction between \u201cthis\u201d and \u201cthat\u201d.<br \/>\nLet\u2019s try to add a noun to see how it works in action.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>ten facet<\/strong> = this guy (masculine personal)<\/li>\n<li><strong>ta kobieta<\/strong> = this woman (feminine)<\/li>\n<li><strong>to drzewo<\/strong> = this tree (neuter) (<a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/polish\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2008\/08\/ten-facet-etc.mp3\" target=\"_blank\">audio<\/a>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>And now see what happens when we switch \u201cthis\u201d for \u201cthat\u201d:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>tamten facet<\/strong> = that guy<\/li>\n<li><strong>tamta kobieta<\/strong> = that woman<\/li>\n<li><strong>tamto drzewo<\/strong> = that tree (<a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/polish\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2008\/08\/tamten-facet-etc.mp3\" target=\"_blank\">audio<\/a>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>This is the most basic equivalent of \u201cthat\u201d in Polish. All three versions of \u201cthis\u201d in Polish morphed into three versions (gender dependent) of \u201cthat\u201d.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>ten \u2192 tamten<\/strong> (this \u2192 that for singular masculine nouns)<\/li>\n<li><strong>ta \u2192 tamta<\/strong> (this \u2192 that for singular feminine nouns) and<\/li>\n<li><strong>to \u2192 tamto<\/strong> (this \u2192 that for singular neuter nouns) (<a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/polish\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2008\/08\/ten-tamten.mp3\" target=\"_blank\">audio<\/a>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Of course, things are never that (and here I\u2019ve just used another \u201cthat\u201d) cut and dry when it comes to languages. Sometimes \u201cthat\u201d in English can be translated into either <strong>ten<\/strong>, <strong>ta<\/strong> or <strong>to<\/strong> in Polish.<\/p>\n<p>Imagine your best friend just spent a ridiculous amount of money on something utterly useless. I don\u2019t know about you, but my first question would be:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>what do you need that for? \u2013 <strong>do czego ci to potrzebne?<\/strong> (<a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/polish\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2008\/08\/do-czego-ci-to-potrzebne.mp3\" target=\"_blank\">audio<\/a>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Here \u201cthat\u201d would be translated as \u201c<strong>to<\/strong>\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>Or somebody is banging on your door and you even though mildly irritated still very politely ask:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>who is that? \u2013 <strong>kto to?<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Or your spouse magically read your mind and gave you exactly what you were dreaming of:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>That is exactly what I wanted. \u2013 <strong>To dok\u0142adnie czego chcia\u0142em<\/strong> <em>(past tense, first person singular, masculine)<\/em>\/ <strong>chcia\u0142am<\/strong> <em>(past tense, first person singular, feminine)<\/em>. (<a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/polish\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2008\/08\/to-dokladnie.mp3\" target=\"_blank\">audio<\/a>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>And by the way, in both of those sentences above, there\u2019s no need to translate \u201cis\u201d into Polish, \u201cis\u201d is implied and understood.<\/p>\n<p>So that was the easiest \u201cthat\u201d. There are several more uses of it, which unfortunately results in several more ways it can be translated into Polish. We\u2019ll discuss all of them, no worries. In bite-size pieces.<\/p>\n<p>All Polish from this post is <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/polish\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2008\/08\/this-and-that.mp3\" target=\"_blank\">here<\/a> in one big audio file.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The distinction between \u201cthis\u201d and \u201cthat\u201d is more or less clear in English. Or at least I\u2019ve always thought so. But as one of our readers has pointed out, while \u201cthis\u201d is easier to grasp when translated into a foreign language, things can get really goofy with \u201cthat\u201d. Fortunately, I can assure you that people&hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"post-item__readmore\"><a class=\"btn btn--md\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/polish\/this-and-that-in-polish\/\">Continue Reading<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":37,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[74,306825,3007,3359,2847,2851],"class_list":["post-209","post","type-post","status-publish","hentry","category-grammar","tag-gender","tag-grammar","tag-noun","tag-pronoun","tag-that","tag-this"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/polish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/209","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/polish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/polish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/polish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/37"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/polish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=209"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/polish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/209\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5413,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/polish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/209\/revisions\/5413"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/polish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=209"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/polish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=209"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/polish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=209"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}