{"id":93,"date":"2008-07-21T07:45:54","date_gmt":"2008-07-21T11:45:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/polish\/?p=93"},"modified":"2008-07-21T07:45:54","modified_gmt":"2008-07-21T11:45:54","slug":"genitive-case-part-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/polish\/genitive-case-part-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Genitive Case, part 2"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Since we\u2019re in the midst of a little grammar kick, I thought we might as well continue. But to keep things interesting, we should let the adjectives rest for a while and talk about something else. Remember when we discussed the genitive case \u2013 <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/polish\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2008\/07\/dopelniacz.mp3\" target=\"_blank\">dope\u0142niacz<\/a><\/strong>? Yes, I know, it was a while back. So here I\u2019m going to give you some time to go and read the past <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/polish\/cases-in-polish-genitive\/\" target=\"_blank\">entry about <strong>dope\u0142niacz<\/strong><\/a>. It\u2019s no rush, I\u2019ll be here when you\u2019re done. In the meantime, while you\u2019re busy reading, I will prepare some new interesting <strong>dope\u0142niacz<\/strong> examples.<\/p>\n<p>OK, you\u2019re back? That was quick!<\/p>\n<p>Last time when talking about <strong>dope\u0142niacz<\/strong>, I said that it has five different functions in Polish. And I think we discussed two of them in that post. Let&#8217;s review:<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>1.    Possession \u2013 such as when something belongs to somebody.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/polish\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2008\/07\/alicjas-cat.mp3\" target=\"_blank\">Kot Alicji<\/a><\/strong> = Alicja\u2019s cat (and here <strong>Alicja<\/strong> is in genitive)<\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/polish\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2008\/07\/zabawka-kota.mp3\" target=\"_blank\">zabawka kota<\/a><\/strong> = cat&#8217;s toy (here <strong>kot<\/strong> is in genitive)<\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/polish\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2008\/07\/dziecko-sasiada.mp3\" target=\"_blank\">dziecko s\u0105siada<\/a><\/strong> = neighbor&#8217;s baby\/child (and here <strong>s\u0105siad<\/strong> is in genitive)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>2.    When a verb affecting the object expresses negation, the object\u2019s case changes to genitive.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/polish\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2008\/07\/dzieci-nie-maja-kota.mp3\" target=\"_blank\">Dzieci nie maj\u0105 kota<\/a>.<\/strong> = The children don\u2019t have a cat. (again, <strong>kot<\/strong> is in genitive)<\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/polish\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2008\/07\/alicja-nie-slyszy-telefonu.mp3\" target=\"_blank\">Alicja nie s\u0142yszy telefonu<\/a><\/strong>. = Alicja doesn\u2019t hear the phone. (<strong>telefon<\/strong> is in genitive)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>So now that we\u2019ve reviewed the two uses of genitive you should be familiar with already, let\u2019s tackle some new ones. Ready?<\/p>\n<p>3.    <strong>Dope\u0142niacz<\/strong> is used in expressions of quantity.<\/p>\n<p>In English you say:<br \/>\nsome water, a lot of money, a few hours<\/p>\n<p>In Polish you say:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/polish\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2008\/07\/troche-wody.mp3\" target=\"_blank\">troch\u0119 wody<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/polish\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2008\/07\/duzo-pieniedzy.mp3\" target=\"_blank\">du\u017co pieni\u0119dzy<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/polish\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2008\/07\/kilka-godzin.mp3\" target=\"_blank\">kilka godzin<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>woda<\/strong> (noun, feminine, plural: <strong>wody<\/strong> \u2013 yes, it can be a plural noun in Polish! singular genitive: <strong>wody<\/strong>) = water<\/p>\n<p><strong>pieni\u0105dz<\/strong> (noun, yes, it can be singular in Polish! masculine, non-person, plural: <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/polish\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2008\/07\/pieniadze.mp3\" target=\"_blank\">pieni\u0105dze<\/a><\/strong>, plural genitive: <strong>pieni\u0119dzy<\/strong>) = money<\/p>\n<p><strong>godzina<\/strong> (noun, feminine, plural: <strong>godziny<\/strong>, plural genitive: <strong>godzin<\/strong>) = hour<\/p>\n<p>4.    <strong>Dope\u0142niacz<\/strong> is used in expressions of description or origin:<\/p>\n<p>In English you\u2019d say:<br \/>\na girl from Poland.<\/p>\n<p>And this is how it looks in Polish:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/polish\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2008\/07\/dziewczyna-z-polski.mp3\" target=\"_blank\">dziewczyna z Polski<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Polska<\/strong> (Poland) is a noun, and just like all the other nouns in Polish it declines, so the genitive of <strong>Polska<\/strong> is <strong>Polski<\/strong> (not to be confused with \u201c<strong>polski<\/strong>\u201d which is an adjective meaning \u201cPolish\u201d)<\/p>\n<p>And what about description? How about:<br \/>\nseason of the year<br \/>\nauthor of the book<br \/>\nowner of the house<\/p>\n<p>In Polish:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/polish\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2008\/07\/pora-roku.mp3\" target=\"_blank\">pora roku<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/polish\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2008\/07\/autor-ksiazki.mp3\" target=\"_blank\">autor ksi\u0105\u017cki<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/polish\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2008\/07\/wlasciciel-domu.mp3\" target=\"_blank\">w\u0142a\u015bciciel domu<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>rok<\/strong> (noun, masculine, non-person, plural: <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/polish\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2008\/07\/lata.mp3\" target=\"_blank\">lata<\/a><\/strong> \u2013 yep, it\u2019s one of them irregular nouns, singular genitive: <strong>roku<\/strong>) = year<\/p>\n<p><strong>ksi\u0105\u017cka<\/strong> (noun, feminine, plural: <strong>ksi\u0105\u017cki<\/strong>, singular genitive: <strong>ksi\u0105\u017cki<\/strong>) = book<\/p>\n<p><strong>dom<\/strong> (noun, masculine, non-person, plural: <strong>domy<\/strong>, singular genitive: <strong>domu<\/strong>) = house, home<\/p>\n<p>So, now we\u2019ve covered 4 out of 5 genitive uses in Polish, and I think we need a little break from grammar here. Wouldn\u2019t you agree? Especially, since the last instance when this pesky <strong>dope\u0142niacz<\/strong> is used will need a bit more explaining. But once when it&#8217;s explained, you&#8217;ll see, it will be actually very easy!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Since we\u2019re in the midst of a little grammar kick, I thought we might as well continue. But to keep things interesting, we should let the adjectives rest for a while and talk about something else. Remember when we discussed the genitive case \u2013 dope\u0142niacz? Yes, I know, it was a while back. So here&hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"post-item__readmore\"><a class=\"btn btn--md\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/polish\/genitive-case-part-2\/\">Continue Reading<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":37,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[1026,7373,1083,306825,110],"class_list":["post-93","post","type-post","status-publish","hentry","category-grammar","tag-cases","tag-declensions","tag-genitive","tag-grammar","tag-nouns"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/polish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/93","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/polish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/polish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/polish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/37"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/polish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=93"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/polish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/93\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/polish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=93"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/polish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=93"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/polish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=93"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}