{"id":6587,"date":"2015-11-12T21:48:51","date_gmt":"2015-11-12T21:48:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/portuguese\/?p=6587"},"modified":"2015-11-12T21:48:51","modified_gmt":"2015-11-12T21:48:51","slug":"augmentative-e-diminutive-in-portuguese","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/portuguese\/augmentative-e-diminutive-in-portuguese\/","title":{"rendered":"Augmentative e diminutive in Portuguese"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Ol\u00e1, galerinha. Tudo certinho? (Hey, you guys, everything all right?)<\/p>\n<p>You may have noticed while trying to learn Portuguese or chatting with Brazilians that we really enjoy using the <em>augmentative<\/em> and the <em>diminutive<\/em> forms. It&#8217;s very common and we use it on a regular basis, so it\u2019s important to learn how it works. The augmentative is used to indicate a larger size, to exaggerate, show intensity or place emphasis. On the other hand, the diminutive conveys a smaller size \u2013or that something is insignificant, expresses affection, cuteness or as terms of endearment. Sometimes both can be used for the purpose of irony.<\/p>\n<p>There are two ways to use the augmentative and the diminutive. In the first one, you simply add adjectives like <em>min\u00fasculo, pequeno, grande, enorme, imenso<\/em> before the noun or word, as in the examples below:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Esse vestido <em>min\u00fasculo<\/em> n\u00e3o vai servir em mim. (This tiny dress won\u2019t fit me)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Que por\u00e7\u00f5es <em>pequenas<\/em>! Vou continuar com fome\u00a0(Such small portions! I\u2019m still goint to be hungry)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Minha patroa mora em uma casa <em>enorme<\/em> perto do parque (My boss lives in a huge house near the park)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Another way to employ this structure is to modify the word by dropping the last vowel and including a <em>suffix<\/em>. \u00a0In general, it goes: <em>\u00e3o, ona<\/em> (for the aumentative, in the masculine and feminine form respectively) and <em>inho, inha<\/em> (for the diminutive, in the masculine and feminine form respectively). Remember that the tilde <strong>\u201c ~ \u201c<\/strong> represents the nasal sound. Take a look at the following examples:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Faz um temp<strong><em>\u00e3o<\/em><\/strong> que eu n\u00e3o te vejo! (It\u2019s been a long time that I haven\u2019t seen you!)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Tem uma fil<strong><em>ona<\/em><\/strong> para pagar as contas no banco (There\u2019s a big line at the bank to pay the bills)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>O irm\u00e3o da Ma\u00edra \u00e9 bonit<strong><em>\u00e3o<\/em><\/strong>\/ Aquela atriz \u00e9 bonit<strong><em>ona<\/em><\/strong> (Ma\u00edra\u2019s brother is very handsome\/ That actress is really pretty)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Temos que acordar amanh\u00e3 ced<em><strong>inho<\/strong><\/em> (We have to Wake up very early tomorrow)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Esse livr<em><strong>\u00e3o<\/strong><\/em> n\u00e3o vai caber na minha estante (There\u2019s no room for this large book in my shelf)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Venha nadar com a gente! A \u00e1gua est\u00e1 quent<em><strong>inha<\/strong><\/em>! (Come swim with us! The water is really warm!)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Jos\u00e9 acabou de comprar uma BMW. \u00c9 um carr<em><strong>\u00e3o<\/strong><\/em> (Jos\u00e9 just bought a BMW. It\u2019s a great car)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Vamos comprar essa televis\u00e3o? Est\u00e1 barat<em><strong>inha<\/strong><\/em>! (Let\u2019s buy this TV? It\u2019s very cheap!)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Espera um pouqu<em><strong>inho<\/strong><\/em>, estou quase pronta! (Wait a little, I\u2019m almost ready!)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Me d\u00e1 um pedac<em><strong>inho<\/strong><\/em> da sua torta? (Can I have a little bite of your pie?)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Minha fam\u00edlia vem de uma cidadez<em><strong>inha<\/strong><\/em> do interior (My family comes from a small town in the countryside)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div id=\"attachment_6588\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone post-item__attachment\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2015\/11\/gatin.jpeg\" aria-label=\"Gatin 300x169\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6588\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-6588\"  alt=\"Meu gatinho est\u00e1 doente (My kitty is sick)\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" \/ src=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2015\/11\/gatin-300x169.jpeg\"><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-6588\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Meu gatinho est\u00e1 doente (My kitty is sick)<\/p><\/div>\n<p>It also works for names:<\/p>\n<p>Meu filho passou a tarde na casa do Pedr<strong><em>inho<\/em><\/strong> (My son spent the afternoon in Pedrinho\u2019s house \u2013 \u201cPedrinho\u201d is short for Pedro)<\/p>\n<p>Passa no sal\u00e3o da Glor<strong><em>inha<\/em><\/strong> que ela arruma seu cabelo (Stop by Glorinha\u2019s beauty parlor and she\u2019ll fix your hair &#8211; &#8220;Glorinha&#8221; is short for Gl\u00f3ria)<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6589\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone post-item__attachment\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2015\/11\/anamariabraga2.jpg\" aria-label=\"Anamariabraga2 300x195\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6589\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-6589\"  alt=\"Aninha \u00e9 uma \u00f3tima cozinheira (Aninha is a great cook)\" width=\"300\" height=\"195\" \/ src=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2015\/11\/anamariabraga2-300x195.jpg\"><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-6589\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Aninha \u00e9 uma \u00f3tima cozinheira (Aninha is a great cook)<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Here are some more examples for you to take a look at and practice. Some words don\u2019t work so well in both forms and sound better either only in the diminutive or augmentative:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Amigo (friend) \u2013 amigu<strong><em>inho<\/em><\/strong>, amig<em><strong>\u00e3o<\/strong><\/em><\/li>\n<li>Favor (favor) &#8211; favorz<em><strong>inho<\/strong><\/em>, favorz<em><strong>\u00e3o<\/strong><\/em><\/li>\n<li>Boca (mouth) \u2013 bo<em><strong>quinha<\/strong><\/em>, boc<em><strong>\u00e3o<\/strong><\/em><\/li>\n<li>Peixe (fish) \u2013 peix<em><strong>inho<\/strong><\/em>, peix<em><strong>\u00e3o<\/strong><\/em><\/li>\n<li>Gato (cat) \u2013 gat<em><strong>inho<\/strong><\/em>, gat<em><strong>\u00e3o<\/strong><\/em><\/li>\n<li>Filho (son\/daughter) \u2013 filh<em><strong>inho<\/strong><\/em>, filh<em><strong>\u00e3o<\/strong><\/em>\/ filh<em><strong>inha<\/strong><\/em>, filh<em><strong>ona<\/strong><\/em><\/li>\n<li>Beijo (kiss) \u2013 beij<em><strong>inho<\/strong><\/em>, beij<em><strong>\u00e3o<\/strong><\/em><\/li>\n<li>P\u00e9 (foot) \u2013 p\u00e9<em><strong>zinho<\/strong><\/em>, p\u00e9<em><strong>z\u00e3o<\/strong><\/em><\/li>\n<li>come\u00e7o (beginning) &#8211; comec<em><strong>inho<\/strong><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>pra\u00e7a (square) &#8211; prac<em><strong>inha<\/strong><\/em><\/li>\n<li>pre\u00e7o (price) &#8211; prec<em><strong>inho<\/strong><\/em><\/li>\n<li>rapaz (boy) &#8211; rapaz<em><strong>inho<\/strong><\/em><\/li>\n<li>vaso (vase) \u2013 vas<em><strong>inho<\/strong><\/em><\/li>\n<li>caf\u00e9 (coffee)- cafez<em><strong>inho<\/strong><\/em><\/li>\n<li>lanche (snack) \u2013 lanch<em><strong>inho<\/strong><\/em><\/li>\n<li>m\u00e3o (hand) \u2013 m\u00e3o<em><strong>zinha<\/strong><\/em><\/li>\n<li>cabelo (hair) \u2013 cabel<em><strong>\u00e3o<\/strong><\/em><\/li>\n<li>pai (father) &#8211; pai<em><strong>z\u00e3o<\/strong><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div id=\"attachment_6590\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone post-item__attachment\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2015\/11\/queen-tea-z.jpg\" aria-label=\"Queen Tea Z 300x233\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6590\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-6590\"  alt=\"Vamos tomar um ch\u00e1zinho? (Let's have some tea?)\" width=\"300\" height=\"233\" \/ src=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2015\/11\/queen-tea-z-300x233.jpg\"><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-6590\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Vamos tomar um ch\u00e1zinho? (Let&#8217;s have some tea?)<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Attention! Some words may end in \u201c<em>\u00e3o<\/em>\u201d or \u201c<em>inho\/a<\/em>\u201d but it doesn\u2019t necessarily mean that they are in the augmentative or diminutive form, such as: <em>mel\u00e3o<\/em> (melon), <em>cora\u00e7\u00e3o<\/em> (heart), <em>paix\u00e3o<\/em> (passion), <em>irm\u00e3o<\/em> (brother), <em>bal\u00e3o<\/em> (balloon), <em>vizinho<\/em> (neighbor), <em>madrinha<\/em> (godmother), <em>cozinha<\/em> (kitchen)<\/p>\n<p>E a\u00ed, acharam facinho? (So, did you think it was very easy?) Beijinhos e at\u00e9 mais! (Kisses and see you later!)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<img width=\"350\" height=\"272\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2015\/11\/queen-tea-z-350x272.jpg\" class=\"attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image tmp-hide-img\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2015\/11\/queen-tea-z-350x272.jpg 350w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2015\/11\/queen-tea-z.jpg 545w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\" \/><p>Ol\u00e1, galerinha. Tudo certinho? (Hey, you guys, everything all right?) You may have noticed while trying to learn Portuguese or chatting with Brazilians that we really enjoy using the augmentative and the diminutive forms. It&#8217;s very common and we use it on a regular basis, so it\u2019s important to learn how it works. The augmentative&hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"post-item__readmore\"><a class=\"btn btn--md\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/portuguese\/augmentative-e-diminutive-in-portuguese\/\">Continue Reading<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":136,"featured_media":6590,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":""},"categories":[1846,6,1851,146,13],"tags":[1958,379352,8,379357,1401],"class_list":["post-6587","post","type-post","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-brazilian-profile","category-grammar","category-learning","category-spelling","category-vocabulary","tag-brazilian-portuguese","tag-grammar","tag-language","tag-vocabulary","tag-words"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/portuguese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6587","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/portuguese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/portuguese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/portuguese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/136"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/portuguese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6587"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/portuguese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6587\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6592,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/portuguese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6587\/revisions\/6592"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/portuguese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6590"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/portuguese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6587"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/portuguese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6587"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/portuguese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6587"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}