{"id":8022,"date":"2018-05-29T00:27:39","date_gmt":"2018-05-29T00:27:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/portuguese\/?p=8022"},"modified":"2018-05-29T00:27:39","modified_gmt":"2018-05-29T00:27:39","slug":"portuguese-listening-reading-practice-a-greve-dos-caminhoneiros","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/portuguese\/portuguese-listening-reading-practice-a-greve-dos-caminhoneiros\/","title":{"rendered":"Portuguese listening\/reading practice &#8211; A greve dos caminhoneiros"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Boa noite! Good evening!<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">I am not sure how many of you are aware, but Brazil is currently facing a nationwide <\/span><b><i>greve dos caminhoneiros<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> (truck driver\u2019s strike) that has been deeply affecting our lives and economy for the past week. Therefore, today\u2019s listening and reading practice presents <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Heran\u00e7a maldita, depend\u00eancia da matriz rodovi\u00e1ria criou armadilha para o pa\u00eds<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> (Cursed inheritance, dependence on the road matrix has created a trap for the country), an enlightening text by Brazilian journalist and writer Le\u00e3o Serva on the matter. Bom trabalho! Good job!<\/span><\/p>\n<p><div id=\"attachment_8023\" style=\"width: 522px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter post-item__attachment\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-8023\" class=\"size-full wp-image-8023\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2018\/05\/trucks.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"512\" height=\"271\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2018\/05\/trucks.jpg 512w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2018\/05\/trucks-350x185.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-8023\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Greve de caminhoneiros no Brasil (photo by Andrea Booher (This image is from the FEMA Photo Library.) [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons)<\/p><\/div><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Remember our regular steps:<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Listen to the audio first. See if you can identify any words and write them down, if you want to.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Scroll down and read the text. You can try reading it out loud to practice your pronunciation and speaking skills, or play the audio again and follow as you listen. Read each sentence carefully and see what you can recognize and understand.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Check translated text in italics. What were you able to grasp? Which parts were the most difficult? It&#8217;s a good idea to read the text in Portuguese again now that you know its full meaning.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>1. \u00a0Ou\u00e7a\/ Listen<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><b>Part 1: <\/b><div class=\"compact_audio_player_wrapper\"><div class=\"sc_player_container1\"><input type=\"button\" id=\"btnplay_69d5f66ecfb481.37818911\" class=\"myButton_play\" onClick=\"play_mp3('play','69d5f66ecfb481.37818911','https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2018\/05\/truck-1.mp3','80','false');show_hide('play','69d5f66ecfb481.37818911');\" \/><input type=\"button\"  id=\"btnstop_69d5f66ecfb481.37818911\" style=\"display:none\" class=\"myButton_stop\" onClick=\"play_mp3('stop','69d5f66ecfb481.37818911','','80','false');show_hide('stop','69d5f66ecfb481.37818911');\" \/><div id=\"sm2-container\"><!-- flash movie ends up here --><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p>\n<p><b>Part 2: <\/b><div class=\"compact_audio_player_wrapper\"><div class=\"sc_player_container1\"><input type=\"button\" id=\"btnplay_69d5f66ed450a7.78742412\" class=\"myButton_play\" onClick=\"play_mp3('play','69d5f66ed450a7.78742412','https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2018\/05\/truck-2.mp3','80','false');show_hide('play','69d5f66ed450a7.78742412');\" \/><input type=\"button\"  id=\"btnstop_69d5f66ed450a7.78742412\" style=\"display:none\" class=\"myButton_stop\" onClick=\"play_mp3('stop','69d5f66ed450a7.78742412','','80','false');show_hide('stop','69d5f66ed450a7.78742412');\" \/><div id=\"sm2-container\"><!-- flash movie ends up here --><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p>\n<p><b>Part 3: <\/b><div class=\"compact_audio_player_wrapper\"><div class=\"sc_player_container1\"><input type=\"button\" id=\"btnplay_69d5f66ed9a263.98495674\" class=\"myButton_play\" onClick=\"play_mp3('play','69d5f66ed9a263.98495674','https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2018\/05\/truck-3.mp3','80','false');show_hide('play','69d5f66ed9a263.98495674');\" \/><input type=\"button\"  id=\"btnstop_69d5f66ed9a263.98495674\" style=\"display:none\" class=\"myButton_stop\" onClick=\"play_mp3('stop','69d5f66ed9a263.98495674','','80','false');show_hide('stop','69d5f66ed9a263.98495674');\" \/><div id=\"sm2-container\"><!-- flash movie ends up here --><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><b>2. Leia\/ Rea<\/b><b>d<\/b><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><strong>Heran\u00e7a maldita, depend\u00eancia da matriz rodovi\u00e1ria criou armadilha para o pa\u00eds<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Parte 1:\u00a0<\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">O sofrimento causado pelos caminhoneiros \u00e0 sociedade n\u00e3o seria o mesmo se n\u00e3o viv\u00eassemos na mais absoluta depend\u00eancia da matriz rodovi\u00e1ria para o transporte de gente e de cargas. Nem mesmo os EUA, que nos \u201cvenderam\u201d a obsess\u00e3o pelos autom\u00f3veis, t\u00eam propor\u00e7\u00e3o t\u00e3o grande de transportes por caminh\u00f5es.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">O Brasil move 60% de suas cargas por rodovias, 20% em trens e 15% por hidrovias ou portos; nos EUA, os trens levam cerca de 42%, os caminh\u00f5es, 32%, e os barcos, 25%, segundo a CNT (Confedera\u00e7\u00e3o Nacional dos Transportes). A coisa \u00e9 ainda mais grave em S\u00e3o Paulo: a Federa\u00e7\u00e3o das Ind\u00fastrias do Estado aponta que aqui h\u00e1 um quase monop\u00f3lio: 93% das cargas s\u00e3o transportadas por rodovias.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Parte 2:\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Essa \u00e9 a heran\u00e7a maldita que recebemos do in\u00edcio do s\u00e9culo 20, quando Washington Lu\u00eds (1869-1957), governador de S\u00e3o Paulo, depois presidente da Rep\u00fablica entre 1926 e 1930, pregava que \u201cgovernar \u00e9 abrir estradas\u201d. At\u00e9 ent\u00e3o, segu\u00edamos o modelo europeu, de incentivo \u00e0s ferrovias. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00c9 mais barato implantar rodovias. Na ferrovia, a estrada e os ve\u00edculos s\u00e3o parte do investimento; no modelo rodovi\u00e1rio, o Estado ou a construtora privada pagam o leito; os usu\u00e1rios entram com os ve\u00edculos e combust\u00edvel.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">E assim, com menos dinheiro (por v\u00e1rias d\u00e9cadas, todo ele p\u00fablico), nossos governos espalharam estradas. At\u00e9 mesmo na Amaz\u00f4nia, com os maiores rios do mundo, o Brasil implanta estradas de rodagem em vez de hidrovias.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Parte 3:\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Tudo parecia bem at\u00e9 a crise do petr\u00f3leo, nos anos 1970. Naquele momento, quando o barril pulou de US$ 3 para US$ 30, ficou clara a arapuca em que nos metemos: o Brasil n\u00e3o tinha alternativa ao transporte rodovi\u00e1rio, n\u00e3o p\u00f4de escapar dos gastos com \u00f3leo e quase quebrou. Desde ent\u00e3o, outras crises aconteceram. E h\u00e1 sempre algu\u00e9m lembrando o \u00f3bvio, que dever\u00edamos ter apostado mais em ferrovias e hidrovias.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Mas todas as altas de petr\u00f3leo provocam crises econ\u00f4micas (ainda mais pesadas no Brasil), em que Estado e empresas ficam sem capacidade de realizar investimentos necess\u00e1rios para construir alternativas. Empurramos o problema com solu\u00e7\u00f5es imediatistas, como agora, e seguimos rodando, at\u00e9 a pr\u00f3xima crise.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><em><strong>Cursed inheritance, dependence on the road matrix has created a trap for the country<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><strong>Part 1:<\/strong> The suffering caused by the truck drivers to society would not be the same if we did not live in the most absolute dependence of the road matrix for the transportation of people and cargoes. Not even the US, who &#8220;sold&#8221; us the obsession with automobiles, has such a large proportion of trucking.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Brazil moves 60% of its cargoes by highways, 20% by trains and 15% by waterways or ports; in the United States, trains carry about 42%, trucks, 32%, and boats, 25%, according to the National Transportation Confederation (CNT). This is even more serious in S\u00e3o Paulo: the Federation of State Industries points out that there is almost a monopoly here: 93% of cargoes are transported by highways.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Part 2:\u00a0<\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">This is the cursed inheritance that we received from the early 20th century, when Washington Lu\u00eds (1869-1957), governor of S\u00e3o Paulo, then president of the Republic between 1926 and 1930, preached that &#8220;to govern is to open roads.&#8221; Until then, we followed the European model, of incentive to the railroads.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">It&#8217;s cheaper to implement highways. On the railroad, roads and vehicles are part of the investment; in the road model, the State or the private contractor pay for the channels; users go with the vehicles and fuel.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">And so, with less money (for several decades, all of it public), our governments have scattered roads. Even in the Amazon, with the largest rivers in the world, Brazil implements roads instead of waterways.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Part 3:\u00a0<\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Everything looked good until the oil crisis in the 1970s. At that moment, when the barrel jumped from US $ 3 to US $ 30, it was clear the trap we were in: Brazil had no alternative to road transport, could not escape oil expenses and almost went bankrupt. Since then, other crises have occurred. And there is always someone stating the obvious, that we should have bet more on railways and waterways.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">But all oil rises cause economic crises (even more so in Brazil), where state and companies are unable to make the necessary investments to build alternatives. We push the problem with immediate solutions, as now, and keep on rolling, until the next crisis.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<img width=\"350\" height=\"185\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2018\/05\/trucks-350x185.jpg\" class=\"attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2018\/05\/trucks-350x185.jpg 350w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/portuguese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2018\/05\/trucks.jpg 512w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\" \/><p>Boa noite! Good evening! I am not sure how many of you are aware, but Brazil is currently facing a nationwide greve dos caminhoneiros (truck driver\u2019s strike) that has been deeply affecting our lives and economy for the past week. Therefore, today\u2019s listening and reading practice presents Heran\u00e7a maldita, depend\u00eancia da matriz rodovi\u00e1ria criou armadilha&hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"post-item__readmore\"><a class=\"btn btn--md\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/portuguese\/portuguese-listening-reading-practice-a-greve-dos-caminhoneiros\/\">Continue Reading<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":136,"featured_media":8023,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":""},"categories":[1845,1846,3,1849,1851,13],"tags":[507798,507797,507783,507799],"class_list":["post-8022","post","type-post","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-brazilian-news","category-brazilian-profile","category-culture","category-economy","category-learning","category-vocabulary","tag-greve-dos-caminhoneiros","tag-portuguese-listening-practice","tag-portuguese-reading-practice","tag-truck-drivers-strike"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/portuguese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8022","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/portuguese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/portuguese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/portuguese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/136"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/portuguese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8022"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/portuguese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8022\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8028,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/portuguese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8022\/revisions\/8028"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/portuguese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8023"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/portuguese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8022"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/portuguese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8022"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/portuguese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8022"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}