{"id":10305,"date":"2017-09-26T07:09:46","date_gmt":"2017-09-26T07:09:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/?p=10305"},"modified":"2017-09-26T01:54:55","modified_gmt":"2017-09-26T01:54:55","slug":"a-sign-of-the-times-words-with-%e2%80%91%d0%b7%d0%bd%d0%b0%d0%ba%e2%80%91-in-russian","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/a-sign-of-the-times-words-with-%e2%80%91%d0%b7%d0%bd%d0%b0%d0%ba%e2%80%91-in-russian\/","title":{"rendered":"A Sign of the Times: Words with \u2011\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a\u2011 in Russian"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>We are continuing our popular <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/tag\/russian-word-families\/\">series on Russian word &#8220;families&#8221;<\/a> with this post about words with the -\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a- root.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_10310\" style=\"width: 1034px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone post-item__attachment\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-10310\" class=\"size-large wp-image-10310\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2017\/09\/exclamation-1024x682.jpg\" alt=\"exclamation point\" width=\"1024\" height=\"682\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2017\/09\/exclamation-1024x682.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2017\/09\/exclamation-350x233.jpg 350w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2017\/09\/exclamation-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2017\/09\/exclamation.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-10310\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Image from Pixabay<\/p><\/div>\n<p>\u0417\u043d\u0430\u043a means &#8220;a sign,&#8221; and you may know it from the following expressions:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u043c\u044f\u0301\u0433\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a<\/strong> (soft sign, \u044c) or <strong>\u0442\u0432\u0451\u0440\u0434\u044b\u0439 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a<\/strong> (hard sign, \u044a)<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0301\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a<\/strong> (?)<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0432\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430\u0301\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a<\/strong> (!)<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a \u0440\u0430\u0301\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430<\/strong> (=)<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a \u0437\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0430\u0301\u043a\u0430<\/strong> (star sign)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Other than that, \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a may refer to both a physical sign (like a hand signal or an emblem) and a metaphorical symbol, a token (like a sign of trust \u2014 <strong>\u0437\u043d<span style=\"color: #00ccff\">\u0430<\/span>\u043a \u0434\u043e\u0432<span style=\"color: #00ccff\">\u0435<\/span>\u0440\u0438\u044f<\/strong>). Note that a posted sign (like a store sign) is usually called <strong>\u0432<span style=\"color: #00ccff\">\u044b<\/span>\u0432\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430 <\/strong>or\u00a0<strong>\u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437<span style=\"color: #00ccff\">\u0430<\/span>\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u00a0<\/strong>in case of a sign pointing you somewhere.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u0414\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0301\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0301\u043a\u0438 \u0432 \u0424\u0438\u043d\u043b\u044f\u0301\u043d\u0434\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0301\u0441\u0442\u044b, \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0301\u0442\u043d\u044b \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0301\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u0435\u0432\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0301\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0301\u0440\u0442\u0430\u043c.<br \/>\nRoad signs in Finland are simple, clear, and meet European standards.<br \/>\n[\u0424\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0440 \u0411\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0443\u0442\u043e\u0432. \u041a\u0443\u0434\u0430 \u0445\u043e\u0447\u0443, \u0442\u0443\u0434\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0443 (2000) \/\/ \u00ab\u0422\u0443\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043c \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u00bb, 2000.06.15]<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h2>\u041f\u0440<span style=\"color: #00ccff\">\u0438<\/span>\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a<\/h2>\n<p><strong>\u041f\u0440<span style=\"color: #00ccff\">\u0438<\/span>\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a<\/strong> is close to \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a in the metaphorical sense; it is the attribute or evidence of something. In the medical sense, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a is a synonym of <strong>\u0441\u0438\u043c\u043f\u0442<span style=\"color: #00ccff\">\u043e<\/span>\u043c<\/strong> (symptom). <strong>\u041f\u043e + adjective in the dative case + \u043f\u0440<span style=\"color: #00ccff\">\u0438<\/span>\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a\u0443<\/strong> means &#8220;based on&#8230;&#8221; (e.g. <strong>\u043f\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d<span style=\"color: #00ccff\">\u0430<\/span>\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0440<span style=\"color: #00ccff\">\u0438<\/span>\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a\u0443<\/strong>, &#8220;based on ethnicity&#8221;).<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u0417\u043d\u0430\u0301\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0430\u043d\u0433\u043b\u0438\u0301\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0430\u0301 \u2015 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0301\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a \u043a\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0443\u0301\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0301\u043a\u0430.<br \/>\nKnowing English is the hallmark of a well-rounded person.<br \/>\n[\u0418. \u0413\u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430. \u0412 \u0432\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0435 (1983)]<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h2>\u0417\u043d<span style=\"color: #00ccff\">\u0430<\/span>\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439<\/h2>\n<p>As an adjective, <strong>\u0437\u043d<span style=\"color: #00ccff\">\u0430<\/span>\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439<\/strong> can refer to literal signs or symbols, e.g.<strong> \u0437\u043d<span style=\"color: #00ccff\">\u0430<\/span>\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442<span style=\"color: #00ccff\">\u0435<\/span>\u043c\u0430<\/strong>, sign system. More often, it refers to an important, &#8220;flagship&#8221; person or thing or a turning point.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u0422\u0440\u0435\u0301\u0442\u0438\u0439-\u0447\u0435\u0442\u0432\u0451\u0440\u0442\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0301 \u0434\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0301\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u044d\u0301\u0440\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0301\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u0446\u0438\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0301\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0301\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0301\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u043c\u0438.<br \/>\nThe 3rd and 4th centuries BC were seminal for many civilizations.<br \/>\n[\u042e\u043b\u0438\u044f \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0430. \u042d\u0432\u043c\u0435\u043d \u0438 \u0427\u0436\u0430\u043e \u0413\u0430\u043e \/\/ \u00ab\u0417\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 &#8211; \u0441\u0438\u043b\u0430\u00bb, 2010]<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h2>\u0417\u043d\u0430\u0447<span style=\"color: #00ccff\">\u0435<\/span>\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/h2>\n<p><strong>\u0417\u043d\u0430\u0447<span style=\"color: #00ccff\">\u0435<\/span>\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/strong> refers to meaning. Some related words are <strong>\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447<span style=\"color: #00ccff\">\u0430<\/span>\u0442\u044c<\/strong> or <strong>\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447<span style=\"color: #00ccff\">\u0430<\/span>\u0442\u044c<\/strong> (to mean), <strong>\u0437\u043d<span style=\"color: #00ccff\">\u0430<\/span>\u0447\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0439<\/strong> and <strong>\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447<span style=\"color: #00ccff\">\u0438<\/span>\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439<\/strong> (significant). <strong>\u0417\u043d\u0430\u0447<span style=\"color: #00ccff\">\u0435<\/span>\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/strong> can also refer to a mathematical or computing value. &#8220;<strong>\u0418\u043c<span style=\"color: #00ccff\">\u0435<\/span>\u0442\u044c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447<span style=\"color: #00ccff\">\u0435<\/span>\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/strong>&#8221; is &#8220;to matter.&#8221;<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u041d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0301\u043d\u043a\u0430 \u0432 \u044d\u0301\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0435\u0301 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0301\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u0435\u0301\u0439\u0448\u0435\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0301\u043d\u0438\u0435.<br \/>\nThe filling of this pie is of paramount importance.<br \/>\n[\u0420\u043e\u0449\u0430 \u0438\u0437&#8230; \u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430 \/\/ \u00ab\u041d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u00bb, 2003]<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<div id=\"attachment_10311\" style=\"width: 1034px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone post-item__attachment\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-10311\" class=\"size-large wp-image-10311\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2017\/09\/math-1024x716.jpg\" alt=\"equation\" width=\"1024\" height=\"716\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2017\/09\/math-1024x716.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2017\/09\/math-350x245.jpg 350w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2017\/09\/math-768x537.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2017\/09\/math.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-10311\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Image from Pixabay<\/p><\/div>\n<h2>\u041d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447<span style=\"color: #00ccff\">\u0430<\/span>\u0442\u044c<\/h2>\n<p><strong>\u041d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447<span style=\"color: #00ccff\">\u0430<\/span>\u0442\u044c<\/strong> means to appoint (or to schedule), and the related noun is <strong>\u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447<span style=\"color: #00ccff\">\u0435<\/span>\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/strong>. This verb can also mean to prescribe, as in a drug or a treatment. <strong>\u041d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447<span style=\"color: #00ccff\">\u0435<\/span>\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/strong> can also mean &#8220;purpose,&#8221; e.g. &#8220;<strong>\u0438\u0441\u043f<span style=\"color: #00ccff\">\u043e<\/span>\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447<span style=\"color: #00ccff\">\u0435<\/span>\u043d\u0438\u044e<\/strong>,&#8221; &#8220;to use as intended.&#8221;<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u0421\u0432\u0430\u0301\u0434\u044c\u0431\u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0301\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0301\u0446 \u0438\u044e\u0301\u043d\u044f.<br \/>\nThe wedding was scheduled for the end of June.<br \/>\n[\u0418\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u041c\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0432\u044c\u0435\u0432\u0430. \u041c\u0435\u0449\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043d \u0432\u043e \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044f\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 (1994)]<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h2>\u041e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0437\u043d<span style=\"color: #00ccff\">\u0430<\/span>\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439<\/h2>\n<p><strong>\u041e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0437\u043d<span style=\"color: #00ccff\">\u0430<\/span>\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439<\/strong> means clear, unambiguous, and the related adverb is <strong>\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0437\u043d<span style=\"color: #00ccff\">\u0430<\/span>\u0447\u043d\u043e<\/strong>. Interestingly enough, similar compound words with other numbers (<strong>\u0434\u0432\u0443\u0437\u043d<span style=\"color: #00ccff\">\u0430<\/span>\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439, \u0442\u0440\u0451\u0445\u0437\u043d<span style=\"color: #00ccff\">\u0430<\/span>\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439<\/strong>&#8230;) refer to the number of digits in a number (two-digit, three-digit, etc.).<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u0421\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0430\u0301\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0301\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430\u0301 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0301\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0301, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0301\u0431\u044b \u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0301\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0301\u0437.<br \/>\nThe situation is rather too complex and complicated to be able to give an unequivocal forecast.<br \/>\n[\u0410\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0435\u0439 \u041f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0445\u0438\u043d. \u0422\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u043d\u0430 \u0444\u043e\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0440\u044b\u043d\u043a\u0435 (2003) \/\/ \u00ab\u0412\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u041c\u041d\u00bb, 2003.08.02]<\/p><\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<img width=\"350\" height=\"245\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2017\/09\/math-350x245.jpg\" class=\"attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"equation\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2017\/09\/math-350x245.jpg 350w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2017\/09\/math-768x537.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2017\/09\/math-1024x716.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2017\/09\/math.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\" \/><p>We are continuing our popular series on Russian word &#8220;families&#8221; with this post about words with the -\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a- root. \u0417\u043d\u0430\u043a means &#8220;a sign,&#8221; and you may know it from the following expressions: \u043c\u044f\u0301\u0433\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a (soft sign, \u044c) or \u0442\u0432\u0451\u0440\u0434\u044b\u0439 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a (hard sign, \u044a) \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0301\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a (?) \u0432\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430\u0301\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a (!) \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a \u0440\u0430\u0301\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 (=) \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a \u0437\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0430\u0301\u043a\u0430 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