{"id":10598,"date":"2018-02-22T08:09:09","date_gmt":"2018-02-22T08:09:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/?p=10598"},"modified":"2018-02-25T18:13:04","modified_gmt":"2018-02-25T18:13:04","slug":"before-and-after-prepositions-of-time-in-russian","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/before-and-after-prepositions-of-time-in-russian\/","title":{"rendered":"Before and After: Prepositions of Time in Russian"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>We&#8217;ve looked at conjunctions that let you express <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/one-after-another-past-temporal-clauses-in-russian\/\">temporal relationships<\/a> in a sentence. Now let us look at some prepositions you can use to indicate when something happened.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_10604\" style=\"width: 1034px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone post-item__attachment\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-10604\" class=\"size-large wp-image-10604\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2018\/02\/clocks-1024x682.jpg\" alt=\"four clocks in a park\" width=\"1024\" height=\"682\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2018\/02\/clocks-1024x682.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2018\/02\/clocks-350x233.jpg 350w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2018\/02\/clocks-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2018\/02\/clocks.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-10604\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Image via Pixabay<\/p><\/div>\n<h2>Previous events<\/h2>\n<h3>\u0414\u043e + genitive case<\/h3>\n<p>\u0414\u043e is used before a noun or a pronoun to refer to the time before something else happens.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0420\u0435\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0301\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0301\u0434\u043e \u0441\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0430\u0301 \u0441\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0301\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430 (The paper needs to be turned in before the end of the semester).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u041f<span style=\"color: #ff6600\">\u0435<\/span>\u0440\u0435\u0434 + instrumental case<\/h3>\n<p>\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 literally means &#8220;in front of&#8221; and refers to something that needs to happen first before something else happens.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u041f\u0435\u0301\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u043f\u043e\u0435\u0301\u0437\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0430 \u044e\u0433 \u043c\u044b \u043a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0301\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0446\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0301\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0447\u043a\u0438\u0301 (We bought sunglasses before our trip south).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>In many cases, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 is similar in meaning to \u0434\u043e. There are cases where you can only use \u0434\u043e \u2014 usually when there&#8217;s a deadline and, if you don&#8217;t comply with it, it will be too late. For example:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0414\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u0301\u043d\u0442\u044b \u043d\u0443\u0301\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0301\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0301\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u044e\u0301\u043b\u044f (You need to submit your documents before July 1).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>In these cases, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 would be unusual.<\/p>\n<h3>Accusative case + \u0442\u043e\u043c<span style=\"color: #ff6600\">\u0443<\/span> \u043d\u0430\u0437<span style=\"color: #ff6600\">\u0430<\/span>\u0434<\/h3>\n<p>\u0422\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0434 is used to say &#8220;X units of time ago.&#8221;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0422\u0440\u0438\u0301\u0434\u0446\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043b\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443\u0301 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0301\u0434 \u0431\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0301\u043d\u044b \u0432 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0301\u0438 \u0431\u044b\u0301\u043b\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0301\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e (Thirty years ago, bananas were rare in Russia).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>You can also use it as simply \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0434, omitting \u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443, which is more common in everyday conversation.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_10605\" style=\"width: 1034px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone post-item__attachment\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-10605\" class=\"size-large wp-image-10605\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2018\/02\/calendar-1024x723.jpg\" alt=\"calendar in an agenda\" width=\"1024\" height=\"723\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2018\/02\/calendar-1024x723.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2018\/02\/calendar-350x247.jpg 350w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2018\/02\/calendar-768x542.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2018\/02\/calendar.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-10605\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Image via Pixabay<\/p><\/div>\n<h2>Concurrent Events<\/h2>\n<h3>\u0412\u043e \u0432\u0440<span style=\"color: #ff6600\">\u0435<\/span>\u043c\u044f + genitive case<\/h3>\n<p>When one thing happens while another thing is happening, we can use \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f (during). This structure can be used both for instantaneous and extended actions; see examples below.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u041c\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0301\u043c\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u0301\u043c\u044f \u0443\u0447\u0451\u0431\u044b \u0432 \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0301\u0442\u0435 (We met while studying in college).<\/li>\n<li>\u0412\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u0301\u043c\u044f \u043d\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0301\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0301\u0436\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043e\u0301\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0301\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0301\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f (During nighttime sleep, your skin undergoes active restoration).<br \/>\n[\u0412\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0436\u0435\u044f. \u0418\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \/\/ \u00ab\u0414\u0430\u0448\u0430\u00bb, 2004]<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u041d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u044f\u0436<span style=\"color: #ff6600\">\u0435<\/span>\u043d\u0438\u0438 + genitive case<\/h3>\n<p>\u041d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u044f\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 is similar to \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f but can only be used for extended actions, i.e. situations where two actions are unfolding alongside one another. It is similar to the English &#8220;throughout.&#8221;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u041d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u044f\u0436\u0435\u0301\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0301\u0432 \u0444\u0430\u0431\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0301\u043b\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0301\u043b\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0301\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0301\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u0301\u043d\u0442\u044b, \u043d\u043e \u0438 \u0433\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0301\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u0301\u0440\u0442\u044b (Not only historical documents but also geographical maps have been fabricated and falsified throughout the centuries).<br \/>\n[\u041a\u0440\u0430\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u044b \u0433\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0438 \/\/ \u00ab\u0417\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 &#8212; \u0441\u0438\u043b\u0430\u00bb, 2003]<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div id=\"attachment_10606\" style=\"width: 1034px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone post-item__attachment\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-10606\" class=\"size-large wp-image-10606\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2018\/02\/hourglass-1024x772.jpg\" alt=\"hourglass\" width=\"1024\" height=\"772\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2018\/02\/hourglass-1024x772.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2018\/02\/hourglass-350x264.jpg 350w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2018\/02\/hourglass-768x579.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2018\/02\/hourglass.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-10606\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Image via Pixabay<\/p><\/div>\n<h2>Subsequent Events<\/h2>\n<h3>\u041f<span style=\"color: #ff6600\">\u043e<\/span>\u0441\u043b\u0435\u00a0+ genitive case<\/h3>\n<p>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 means after and refers to one action that happens after another.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u041f\u043e\u0301\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u0301\u0440\u0442\u0430 \u043c\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0448\u043b\u0438\u0301 \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0301\u043d (After the concert, we went to a restaurant).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Note that no comma is needed after time phrases, even if you would use one in English.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0427<span style=\"color: #ff6600\">\u0435<\/span>\u0440\u0435\u0437\u00a0+ accusative case<\/h3>\n<p>\u0427\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 is followed by a time period to indicate how much later something happened. This can refer to the past, present, or future.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u042f \u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0443\u0301\u0441\u044c \u0447\u0435\u0301\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043d\u0435\u0301\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0301\u0442 (I&#8217;ll be back in a few minutes).<\/li>\n<li>\u0427\u0435\u0301\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0442\u0440\u0438 \u0433\u043e\u0301\u0434\u0430 \u043e\u043d\u0438\u0301 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0301\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0301\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0436\u0430\u0301\u0439 (Three years later, they collected their first harvest).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Accusative\u00a0case + \u0441\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442<span style=\"color: #ff6600\">\u044f<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u0421\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u044f is similar in use to \u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0434, except \u0441\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u044f refers to &#8220;X units of time later.&#8221; \u0421\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u044f can go before or after the noun it refers to.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0421\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u044f\u0301 \u0447\u0435\u0442\u044b\u0301\u0440\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0301\u0434\u0430 \u0411\u0435\u0440\u043b\u0438\u0301\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0301 \u0440\u0443\u0301\u0445\u043d\u0443\u043b\u0430 (Four years later, the Berlin Wall had come down).<br \/>\n[\u0410\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0440 \u0424\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432. \u041b\u043e\u0448\u0430\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a (2002) \/\/ \u00ab\u0410\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043f\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0442\u00bb, 2002.02.15]<\/li>\n<li>\u0413\u043e\u0434 \u0441\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u044f\u0301 \u041d\u0438\u0301\u043d\u0443 \u0427\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430\u0301\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0443 \u0443\u0432\u043e\u0301\u043b\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u0437 \u0442\u0435\u0430\u0301\u0442\u0440\u0430 (A year later, Nina Cherkasova was fired from the theater).<br \/>\n[\u0421\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0435\u0439 \u0414\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0432. \u0427\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0430\u043d (1986)]<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<img width=\"350\" height=\"264\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2018\/02\/hourglass-350x264.jpg\" class=\"attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"hourglass\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2018\/02\/hourglass-350x264.jpg 350w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2018\/02\/hourglass-768x579.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2018\/02\/hourglass-1024x772.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2018\/02\/hourglass.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\" \/><p>We&#8217;ve looked at conjunctions that let you express temporal relationships in a sentence. Now let us look at some prepositions you can use to indicate when something happened. Previous events \u0414\u043e + genitive case \u0414\u043e is used before a noun or a pronoun to refer to the time before something else happens. \u0420\u0435\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0301\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0301\u0434\u043e \u0441\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c&hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"post-item__readmore\"><a class=\"btn btn--md\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/before-and-after-prepositions-of-time-in-russian\/\">Continue Reading<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":113,"featured_media":10606,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[125,156],"class_list":["post-10598","post","type-post","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-language","tag-prepositions","tag-time"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10598","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/113"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10598"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10598\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10612,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10598\/revisions\/10612"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10606"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10598"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10598"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10598"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}