{"id":13074,"date":"2020-10-15T15:39:04","date_gmt":"2020-10-15T15:39:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/?p=13074"},"modified":"2020-10-15T15:39:04","modified_gmt":"2020-10-15T15:39:04","slug":"particles-sentence-structure-part-ii","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/particles-sentence-structure-part-ii\/","title":{"rendered":"Particles. Sentence Structure Part II"},"content":{"rendered":"

We continue our quest of making sense of sentence structure in Russian. While Part I<\/a> covered the basics of the subject and verb placement, this blog focuses on the smaller but equally important parts of the sentence.<\/p>\n

It may seem a bit more obvious where to place a word if it\u2019s a verb or a noun, but what about particles? Known as \u201c\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0301\u0446\u044b<\/strong>\u201d in Russian, these are the words that don\u2019t change based on gender or grammatical tense but their placement in a sentence may help you get your point across \u0441 \u0447\u0443\u0301\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u043c, \u0441 \u0442\u043e\u0301\u043b\u043a\u043e\u043c, \u0441 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0301\u0432\u043a\u043e\u0439<\/strong> (sensibly, thoughtfully, and properly).<\/p>\n

Particles differ by type. Some add directionality to the sentence:<\/p>\n

\u041c\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0301 \u043b\u0430\u0301\u0433\u0435\u0440\u044c \u0432\u043e\u043d<\/span> \u0437\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u0301\u043c\u0438 \u0445\u043e\u043b\u043c\u0430\u0301\u043c\u0438.<\/strong> We based our camp behind those hills.<\/p>\n

\"bringing_food\"

Image by G\u00e1bor Adonyi<\/a> from Pixabay<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n

\u0412\u043e\u0442<\/span> \u0432\u0430\u0448 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0430\u0301\u0437.<\/strong> Here’s your order.<\/p>\n

\u0412\u043e\u0442<\/span> \u0442\u0432\u043e\u0451 \u043c\u0435\u0301\u0441\u0442\u043e.<\/strong> Here’s your seat.<\/p>\n

But the particle \u0432\u043e\u0442<\/strong> doesn\u2019t always have to be at the beginning of the sentence.<\/p>\n

\u041b\u044e\u0431\u0438\u0301\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u043b\u044e\u0431\u0438\u0301\u043c\u044b\u043c \u2014 \u0432\u043e\u0442<\/span> \u0437\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0301\u0433 \u0441\u0447\u0430\u0301\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044f.<\/strong> (To love and be loved \u2014 that\u2019s the foundation of happiness.) Here, \u0432\u043e\u0442<\/strong> emphasizes that the aforementioned things (and not something else) are the foundation of happiness.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"bored_in_class\"

Image by PublicDomainPictures<\/a> from Pixabay<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n

In that fashion, particles usually precede the word they are adding meaning to. Let\u2019s take the particle \u0434\u0430\u0301\u0436\u0435<\/strong> (even) and see how it alters the meaning of the sentence depending on what word it precedes:<\/p>\n

\u042d\u0301\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0301\u0447\u0438\u043b \u0434\u0430\u0301\u0436\u0435<\/span> \u0435\u043c\u0443\u0301.<\/strong> (This class became boring even to him.) The emphasis is that even he got bored with that class and perhaps he is the type of person who usually can endure the most tedious lectures.
\n\u0414\u0430\u0301\u0436\u0435<\/span> \u044d\u0301\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0301\u0447\u0438\u043b \u0435\u043c\u0443\u0301.<\/strong> (Even this class bored him.) Here, the implication is that this \u201che\u201d is struggling to get excited about classes and this class (probably objectively a very exciting one) is failing to catch his attention.
\n\u042d\u0301\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441 \u0434\u0430\u0301\u0436\u0435<\/span> \u043d\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0301\u0447\u0438\u043b \u0435\u043c\u0443\u0301.<\/strong> (This class even bored him.) This placement of the particle \u0434\u0430\u0301\u0436\u0435<\/strong> alludes to the fact that this class was already not his favorite but now it’s even “boring”.<\/p>\n

Read the following sentences with the particle \u0442\u043e\u0301\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e<\/strong> (meaning \u201conly\u201d) and see if you can identify how it adds a certain degree of limitation to the sentence before reading the explanation below.<\/p>\n

\u0422\u043e\u0301\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e<\/span> \u043c\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0442 \u043b\u044e\u0301\u0431\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0301\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0301\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440\u044b \u043e\u0442 \u0439\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0301\u0440\u0442\u0430.<\/strong>
\n\u041c\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u0301\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e<\/span> \u043b\u044e\u0301\u0431\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0301\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0301\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440\u044b \u043e\u0442 \u0439\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0301\u0440\u0442\u0430.<\/strong>
\n\u041c\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0442 \u043b\u044e\u0301\u0431\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0301\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0442\u043e\u0301\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e<\/span> \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0301\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440\u044b \u043e\u0442 \u0439\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0301\u0440\u0442\u0430.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"cat\"

Image by Kriss Chen<\/a> from Pixabay<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n

The first sentence is easy to understand and probably familiar to anyone who has ever talked to a loving cat-parent or is one: \u201cOnly my cat likes to lick the yogurt containers\u201d. The second case might be tricky to get at first: \u201cMy cat only likes to lick yogurt containers\u201d. The placement of \u0442\u043e\u0301<\/strong>\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e<\/strong> before the verb probably indicates that this cat\u2019s single favorite past time is licking yogurt containers. Perhaps the owner is even disappointed that the cat prefers the cheap plastic yogurt cups to the expensive cat toys that they purchased. As with most grammar, the word order is only as good as the context around it. Lastly, \u201cMy cat likes to lick only yogurt containers\u201d. Here, the narrow focus is on the yogurt containers as opposed to any other food container.<\/p>\n

The main thing to remember is that sentence structure in Russian is quite flexible and you get to decided what to highlight when changing word order and using your intonation. What are some of the Russian word order nuances you find interesting?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\"bringing_food\"

We continue our quest of making sense of sentence structure in Russian. While Part I covered the basics of the subject and verb placement, this blog focuses on the smaller but equally important parts of the sentence. It may seem a bit more obvious where to place a word if it\u2019s a verb or a…<\/p>\n

Continue Reading<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":171,"featured_media":13077,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":""},"categories":[6,7828],"tags":[1237,541392,60782,60780,1696,541393],"class_list":["post-13074","post","type-post","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-grammar","category-russian-for-beginners","tag-russian-grammar","tag-russian-particles","tag-russian-sentence-structure","tag-word-order-in-russian","tag-1696","tag-541393"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13074","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/171"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13074"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13074\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13087,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13074\/revisions\/13087"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13077"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13074"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13074"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13074"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}