{"id":13277,"date":"2020-11-19T21:47:17","date_gmt":"2020-11-19T21:47:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/?p=13277"},"modified":"2020-11-19T21:47:17","modified_gmt":"2020-11-19T21:47:17","slug":"%d0%b5%d1%81%d1%82%d1%8c-to-eat-or-to-have","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/%d0%b5%d1%81%d1%82%d1%8c-to-eat-or-to-have\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0415\u0441\u0442\u044c – To Eat Or To Have"},"content":{"rendered":"

– \u041f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c?\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 – \u041f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c, \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435\u0442.<\/p>\n

\u0415\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c – To eat a drink?
\nNot really. This funny play on words was popular in the USSR.<\/p>\n

“\u0415\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/strong>” [jes’t’] are two distinct, not connected etymologically, homonymous verbs in Russian. Before the orthographic reform<\/a> of 1918, they were even spelled differently: as “\u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c” ((it) is) and “\u0463\u0441\u0442\u044c” (to eat). After that, the letter “\u0463” (Yat) was replaced with “\u0435.” There is no writing distinction anymore.<\/p>\n

The first one is the infinitive form of “to eat” (\u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/strong><\/span>\/\u043a\u0443\u0448\u0430\u0442\u044c).
\nThis word does not mean anything other than “to eat food”:
\n“\u042f \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043b\u044e \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c <\/strong><\/span>\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0434\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043c.”<\/em> – “I like to eat late at night.”
\n“\u0415\u0441\u0442\u044c <\/strong><\/span>\u0444\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u044b \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432\u044c\u044f.”<\/em> – “Eating fruit is good for your health.”<\/p>\n

\"To

Image by Miroslav Vajdic<\/a> from Flickr<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n

The second one is the third person present tense singular from “to be” (“is”):
\n– with the meaning of “there is\/are” when expressing availability, existence, or presence:
\n“\u0412 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0435 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/span> <\/strong>\u0434\u0432\u0435 \u0441\u043f\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438”<\/em> – “There are two bedrooms in the house.”
\n“\u0415\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/span> <\/strong>\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u044b\u043d\u044f?”<\/em> – “Is there a desert in Russia?”<\/p>\n

– rarely used for emphasis (usually omitted when used with a person or a thing):
\n“\u041a\u0442\u043e \u0442\u044b \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/span><\/strong>?”<\/em> – “Who are you (at all)?”
\n“\u041b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u0432\u044c \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/span> <\/strong>\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0438”<\/em> – “Love is the power of life”<\/p>\n

-when expressing possession (to have (\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0442\u044c<\/strong>)
\nIt is a common way to denote a construct of “someone having something.” The basic formula here is “\u0423<\/em>“+genitive+”\u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/em>“+nominative.
\nIn Russian, we rarely use “I have something” (“\u044f \u0438\u043c\u0435\u044e<\/strong> \u0447\u0442\u043e-\u0442\u043e”) for speaking about possession. We usually literally say, “at someone there is something”:
\n“\u0423 \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/span> <\/strong>\u044f\u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u043e”<\/em> – “He has an apple.”
\n“\u0423 \u0442\u0435\u0431\u044f \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/span> <\/strong>\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c?”<\/em> – “Do you have a conscience?”
\n“\u041e\u043d \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442<\/strong> \u044f\u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u043e” and “\u0422\u044b \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0448\u044c<\/strong> \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c?” sound unnatural.<\/p>\n

Often “\u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c” and “\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0442\u044c” are used interchangeably. But “\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0442\u044c” is more formal:
\n“\u041e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442<\/strong> \u0432 \u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043a\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443 \u0432 \u041a\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438.”<\/em> – “The defendant owns an apartment in the Kirov region.”
\nAlthough a sentence with “\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0442\u044c” may be grammatically correct, in everyday speech, the verb “\u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c” is used much more frequently. However, in some set phrases, we cannot replace “\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0442\u044c”:
\n“\u042d\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442<\/strong> \u0441\u043c\u044b\u0441\u043b\u0430”<\/em> – “It makes no sense” or “\u042f \u0438\u043c\u0435\u044e<\/strong> \u0432 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0443”<\/em> – “I mean”.<\/p>\n

\"Coffee\"

Image by Nenad Stojkovic<\/a> from Flickr<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n

In negative sentences, we use “\u043d\u0435\u0442<\/strong><\/span>” meaning “\u043d\u0435 + \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c”. So you don’t put the verb “\u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c” in the sentence:
\n“\u0423 \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0442<\/strong> <\/span>\u044f\u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430.”<\/em> – “He doesn’t have an apple.”
\n“\u0423 \u0442\u0435\u0431\u044f \u043d\u0435\u0442<\/span> <\/strong>\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438.”<\/em> – “You have no conscience.”<\/p>\n

There is also a military expression, “\u0415\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/span><\/strong>!”<\/em>, which means “Yes, sir!” Nowhere else is this verb used in this meaning.<\/p>\n

Thus, based on the above, “\u0415\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/span> <\/strong>\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c? \u041f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/span><\/strong>, \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/strong> <\/span>\u043d\u0435\u0442<\/span><\/strong>.” translates as:
\n“Is there anything to drink? There is something to drink, but there is nothing to eat”<\/p>\n

or “(\u0423 \u0442\u0435\u0431\u044f) \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/span> <\/strong>(\u0447\u0442\u043e-\u043d\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0434\u044c) \u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c? \u041f\u0438\u0442\u044c (\u0443 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f) \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/span><\/strong>, (\u043d\u043e) \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/span> <\/strong><\/span>(\u0443 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f) \u043d\u0435\u0442<\/span><\/strong>.” – “Do you have anything to drink? I have something to drink, but I don’t have anything to eat.”<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\"To

– \u041f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c?\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0…<\/p>\n

Continue Reading<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":170,"featured_media":13289,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":""},"categories":[8,7828],"tags":[65744,541416,1290,541411,541414,541412,541413,541415],"class_list":["post-13277","post","type-post","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-language","category-russian-for-beginners","tag-est","tag-russian-homonymous-verbs","tag-russian-verbs","tag--eat","tag--eat-have","tag--have","tag--is","tag-541415"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13277","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/170"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13277"}],"version-history":[{"count":15,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13277\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13300,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13277\/revisions\/13300"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13289"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13277"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13277"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13277"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}