{"id":14513,"date":"2021-08-11T18:29:12","date_gmt":"2021-08-11T18:29:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/?p=14513"},"modified":"2021-08-11T18:29:12","modified_gmt":"2021-08-11T18:29:12","slug":"russian-inventions-you-know-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/russian-inventions-you-know-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Russian Inventions You Know-2"},"content":{"rendered":"

This time<\/span> I would like to continue the list of the valued inventions of Russians.<\/p>\n

Previously<\/a>,<\/span> I told you about famous engineers and physicists. In fact, Russians have made tremendous contributions to inventions.<\/p>\n

If you open the history of the <\/span>space<\/i><\/span> (<\/span>\u043a\u043e\u0441\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f<\/i><\/span>)<\/span>, <\/span>aviation<\/i><\/span> (<\/span>\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f<\/i><\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span> or military<\/i> (<\/span>\u0432\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f<\/i><\/span>)<\/span> industry<\/i> (<\/span>\u0438\u043d\u0434\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u044f<\/i><\/span>)<\/span>, you will find many<\/span> Russian names.<\/p>\n

\"Kalashnikov\"

Image by Alexander Lesnitsky<\/a> from Pixabay<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n

AK-47 (Kalashnikov Automatic Rifle) – \u0410\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442 \u041a\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0448\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430<\/span><\/h2>\n

To this day, the AK-47<\/a> is the most widely used firearm<\/i> (<\/span>\u043e\u0433\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435<\/i><\/span> \u043e\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0435<\/i><\/span>) <\/span>in history. Perhaps you are wondering about the origin of its name. So, “A” is from the Russian “A\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442<\/i> (Automatic<\/i>).” Accordingly, “K” is the initial surname of the inventor Mikhail Kalashnikov (\u041c\u0438\u0445\u0430\u0438\u043b \u041a\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0448\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432)<\/span><\/a>. And in 1947, he designed the accepted version of the weapon<\/i> (<\/span>\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0435<\/i><\/span>)<\/span>. During World War II, countries looked to develop technologies <\/span>to arm their soldiers<\/i> (<\/span>\u0441\u043e\u043b\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044b<\/i><\/span>)<\/span>. As a result, the AK-47 development was based mainly on the German Sturmgewehr-44.<\/p>\n

In May 2012, Kalashnikov wrote a letter of repentance to the head of the Russian Orthodox Church, saying he regretted creating a weapon.<\/p>\n

However, there are other famous innovators of the Russian land. Among them are scientists<\/i><\/span> (<\/span>\u0443\u0447\u0451\u043d\u044b\u0435<\/i><\/span>) <\/span>and doctors<\/i> (<\/span>\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0447\u0438<\/i><\/span>)<\/span>. Here are just a few of the names below.<\/p>\n

\"Periodic

Image by Daniel-M<\/a> from Pixabay<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n

The P<\/span>eriodic T<\/span>able – \u0422\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u041c\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0435\u0432\u0430<\/span><\/h2>\n

To illustrate their contribution, I will start with the well-known periodic table<\/i><\/a> (<\/span>\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f<\/i><\/span> \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430<\/i><\/span>) of <\/span>elements<\/i><\/span> (<\/span>\u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442<\/i><\/span>\u043e\u0432<\/i><\/span>). It came into existence, all thanks to the Russian scientist <\/span>Dmitri Mendeleev (\u0414\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0439 \u041c\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0435\u0432)<\/a>. While working on the book “<\/span>Fundamentals of Chemistry<\/i><\/span> (<\/span>\u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b \u0445\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0438<\/i><\/span>),<\/span>” he found that all the <\/span>chemical elements<\/i><\/span> (<\/span>\u0445\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b<\/i><\/span>) were arranged to increase <\/span>atomic<\/i><\/span> (<\/span>\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0439<\/i><\/span>) <\/span>weight <\/i><\/span>(<\/span>\u0432\u0435\u0441<\/i><\/span>). Eventually, the table displayed a recurring pattern. In the end, he left some gaps for the elements he predicted would find their place in the future. He was right, of course. In addition, Mendeleev discovered the <\/span>periodic law<\/i><\/span><\/a> (<\/span>\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439<\/i><\/span> \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d<\/i><\/span>)<\/span>. This law organized chemical elements in the periodic table based on their atomic structures and properties.<\/span><\/p>\n

In his honor, element number 101 was named Mendelevium.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Car

Image by Free-Photos<\/a> from Pixabay<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n

Synthetic Rubber <\/span>– \u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0438\u043d\u0430<\/span><\/h2>\n

Undoubtedly, each of us knows and uses <\/span>rubber<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>in everyday life. In 1910, <\/span>Sergey Lebedev <\/a>(\u0421\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0435\u0439 \u041b\u0435\u0431\u0435\u0434\u0435\u0432)<\/span><\/a> was the first to produce <\/span>synthetic (\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f) rubber (\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0438\u043d\u0430)<\/span><\/a>\u00a0based on polybutadiene. However, he received a patent only in 1928. Later, Lebedev’s technique was industrialized and received the name “Lebedev’s process.”<\/span><\/p>\n

Today we use synthetic rubber to make <\/span>tires<\/i><\/span> (<\/span>\u0448\u0438\u043d\u044b<\/i><\/span>)<\/span>, <\/span>vehicle <\/i><\/span>(<\/span>\u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0431\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435<\/i><\/span>)<\/span> parts<\/i><\/span> (<\/span>\u0434\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438<\/i><\/span>)<\/span>, <\/span>hoses<\/i><\/span> (<\/span>\u0448\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0433\u0438<\/i><\/span>)<\/span>, <\/span>latex<\/i><\/span> (<\/span>\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0435<\/i><\/span>) <\/span>gloves<\/i><\/span> (<\/span>\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0438<\/i><\/span>)<\/span>, <\/span>adhesives<\/i><\/span> (<\/span>\u043a\u043b\u0435\u0439<\/i><\/span>)<\/span>, and more.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Robot

Image by Gerd Altmann<\/a> from Pixabay<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n

Artificial Heart – \u0418\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0446\u0435<\/span><\/h2>\n

Vladimir Demikhov <\/a>(\u0412\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0440 \u0414\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0432<\/span><\/a>)<\/span><\/a> was an organ transplantation<\/i><\/a> (<\/span>\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f<\/i><\/span> \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432<\/i><\/span>) <\/span>pioneer. Surprisingly, he was a biologist<\/i> (<\/span>\u0431\u0438\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433<\/i><\/span>)<\/span>, not a doctor. In 1937, he created the first <\/i>artificial (\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435) heart (\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0446\u0435)<\/i><\/span><\/a> <\/i> <\/i>in the world. At that time, he was a third-year student at Moscow State University. The heart was put in a dog that lived with the <\/span>prosthesis<\/i> (<\/span>\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0437<\/i><\/span>)<\/span> for about three hours. In a couple of years, Demikhov successfully transplanted a heart and lung<\/i> (<\/span>\u043b\u0451\u0433\u043a\u043e\u0435<\/i><\/span>)<\/span> from one dog to another. He also performed the first liver<\/i> (<\/span>\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c<\/i><\/span>)<\/span> transplant.<\/p>\n

Incredibly, the scientist even experimented with transplanting a second head to twenty dogs. By the way, one of them lived for almost a month.<\/p>\n

Since then, surgery<\/i> (<\/span>\u0445\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0438\u044f<\/i><\/span>) <\/span>has taken on an entirely<\/span> new direction in development. In summation, Demikhov’s<\/span> ideas were a real breakthrough in organ<\/span> transplantation.<\/p>\n

\"Broken

Image by Victoria_Borodinova<\/a> from Pixabay<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n

Ilizarov Apparatus – \u0410\u043f\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442 \u0418\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430<\/span><\/h2>\n

The Ilizarov apparatus<\/a> <\/i>(<\/span>\u0430\u043f\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442<\/i><\/span> \u0418\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430<\/i><\/span>) <\/span>allows for<\/span> bone<\/em> (\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/em>)<\/span> correction<\/span>. For example, it is used for extremely complex and open fractures<\/i> (<\/span>\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043b\u043e\u043c\u044b<\/i><\/span>)<\/span>. Also, in cases when it is necessary to restore the bone from its fragments. Moreover, the Ilizarov technique can help to save limbs<\/i> (<\/span>\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438<\/i><\/span>)<\/span> that might be amputated. Even if one limb is shorter than the other, it is possible to lengthen it<\/span>. Russian orthopedic<\/i> (<\/span>\u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439<\/i><\/span>) <\/span>surgeon Gavriil Ilizarov<\/a> invented his<\/span> frame (<\/span>external fixator)<\/span> in 1950.<\/p>\n

I can proudly say that the doctor lived in the same city as me – Kurgan<\/a> (the south of the Urals Federal District <\/a>of Russia). The world’s largest orthopedic clinic<\/a> is also located t<\/span>here.<\/p>\n

Of course, within the blog’s framework, I could list only a small part of Russian inventions<\/a>. If you would like to read more on this topic, leave your comments below. I will be happy to find and share such information with you.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\"Periodic

This time I would like to continue the list of the valued inventions of Russians. Previously, I told you about famous engineers and physicists. In fact, Russians have made tremendous contributions to inventions. If you open the history of the space (\u043a\u043e\u0441\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f), aviation (\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f), or military (\u0432\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f) industry (\u0438\u043d\u0434\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u044f), you will find many Russian names…<\/p>\n

Continue Reading<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":170,"featured_media":14520,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":""},"categories":[7827,2500,995,13],"tags":[557254,330850,557253,557256,557255,12788,385649,557236,1248,12789],"class_list":["post-14513","post","type-post","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-russian-life","category-science","category-soviet-union","category-vocabulary","tag-demikhov","tag-famous-russians","tag-ilizarov","tag-kalashnikov","tag-lebedev","tag-mendeleev","tag-russian-inventions","tag-russian-inventors","tag-russian-language","tag-russian-scientists"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14513","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/170"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14513"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14513\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14526,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14513\/revisions\/14526"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/14520"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14513"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14513"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14513"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}