{"id":14561,"date":"2021-08-23T17:40:51","date_gmt":"2021-08-23T17:40:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/?p=14561"},"modified":"2021-08-23T17:40:51","modified_gmt":"2021-08-23T17:40:51","slug":"pretty-in-prefix","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/pretty-in-prefix\/","title":{"rendered":"Pretty in Prefix"},"content":{"rendered":"

Should I write \u043f\u0440\u0435<\/strong> or \u043f\u0440\u0438<\/strong>? Whether you are a beginner Russian learner or a native speaker, dealing with these two prefixes is a handful. Actually, dealing with all the prefixes in Russian can be overwhelming without some of them sounding almost exactly the same. Is it \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0435\u0301\u0447\u044c<\/em> or \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0447\u044c<\/em> \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0301\u043d (to lie down on the couch for a bit)? Do I say \u044f \u0445\u043e\u0447\u0443\u0301 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044c<\/strong> <\/em>or<\/em> \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0301\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044c \u044d\u0301\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0441\u0432\u0438\u0301\u0442\u0435\u0440<\/em><\/strong>? (I want to try on this sweater). Can both prefixes be used with the same word and give it different meanings? (You bet!) \u0418\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0301\u0441\u043d\u043e? \u0422\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430\u0301 \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0301\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u0301\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435. (Sounds interesting? Then keep on reading.)<\/p>\n

By the way, it is definitely \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0301\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044c<\/strong> \u0441\u0432\u0438\u0301\u0442\u0435\u0440<\/strong>, meaning ‘to try on a sweater’ and \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0435\u0301\u0447\u044c<\/strong> \u043d\u0430<\/strong> \u0434\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0301\u043d<\/strong>, which is ‘to lie down on a couch for a little bit’.<\/p>\n

\"a

Photo by\u00a0vashti<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0from\u00a0Pexels<\/a><\/strong><\/p><\/div>\n

Prefix \u043f\u0440\u0438<\/strong>–<\/strong> is usually used for one of the following:<\/h4>\n
    \n
  1. verbs that show something getting closer, being added, or connected: \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0431\u044b\u0301\u0442\u044c<\/em> (arrive), <\/em>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0301<\/em>\u00a0(bring), <\/em>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0448\u0438\u0301\u0442\u044c<\/em> (sew on), <\/em>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0301\u0442\u044c<\/em> (add in writing)<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Compare the two verbs: \u0448\u0438\u0301\u0442\u044c<\/strong> and \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0448\u0438\u0301\u0442\u044c<\/strong>. <\/strong>You can say:<\/p>\n

    \u042f<\/em> \u0443\u043c\u0435\u0301\u044e<\/em> \u0448\u0438\u0301\u0442\u044c<\/em> \u2013 I can sew.<\/em> But as soon as you add the \u2018\u043f\u0440\u0438\u2019 prefix you are giving the verb \u0448\u0438\u0301\u0442\u044c a whole new meaning.<\/p>\n

    \u042f<\/em> \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0448\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0301\u044e<\/em> \u043f\u0443\u0301\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0446\u0443<\/em> \u2013 I\u2019m sewing on a button. <\/em>Pretty cool, isn\u2019t it?<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. nouns and adjectives that mark something located nearby: \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0440\u0435\u0301\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439<\/em> (coastal), <\/em>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0301\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439<\/em> (roadside)<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      <\/div>\n

      \u0414\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0301\u0433\u0430<\/strong> is a road. \u0414\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0301\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439<\/strong> is an adjective derived from \u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0301\u0433\u0430<\/strong>, which means \u2018of the road\u2019 but as soon as you add \u043f\u0440\u0438<\/strong> it becomes \u2018roadside\u2019. It\u2019s like following a mathematic formula but with morphemes.<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. verbs that indicate that the action is not done in full: \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0301\u0442\u044c<\/em> (open slightly), <\/em>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0301\u043f\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/em> (tap one\u2019s foot a little), <\/em>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0435\u0432\u0430\u0301\u0442\u044c<\/em> (sing along with the song)<\/em><\/li>\n
      2. verbs that show the action at a particular state of completion: \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0440\u0438\u0301\u0442\u044c<\/em> (reconcile), <\/em>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0301\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044c<\/em> (try on e.g clothes)<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        \"obstacle

        Photo by\u00a0Andrea Piacquadio<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0from\u00a0Pexels<\/a><\/strong><\/p><\/div>\n

        Prefix \u043f\u0440\u0435<\/strong>– adds the following meaning to the words:<\/h4>\n
          \n
        1. very: \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0301\u0431\u0440\u044b\u0439<\/em> (very kind), <\/em>\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0443\u0301\u0434\u0440\u044b\u0439<\/em> (very wise), <\/em>\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0443\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0301\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/em> (exaggerate or literally to enlarge too much)<\/em><\/li>\n
        2. prefix \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435-, meaning \u2018over\u2019: \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0430\u0301\u0442\u044c<\/em> (interrupt), <\/em>\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0301\u0442\u044c<\/em> (obstruct)<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          And yes, before you ask, there are (of course) exceptions that you just need to \u0437\u0430\u043f\u043e\u0301\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c<\/strong> (remember).<\/p>\n

          \u041f\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0301\u0434\u0430<\/em> (nature), <\/em>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0301\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439<\/em> (lovely), <\/em>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0301\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/em> (adventure), <\/em>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0301\u0437<\/em> (order)<\/em><\/p>\n

          \u041f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u044f\u0301\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435<\/em> (obstacle), <\/em>\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0431\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0430\u0301\u0442\u044c<\/em> (to neglect)<\/em><\/p>\n

          \"a

          Photo by\u00a0Sunsetoned<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0from\u00a0Pexels<\/a><\/strong><\/p><\/div>\n

          Now, can you put either the missing letter \u0435<\/strong> or \u0438<\/strong> in the words below? I will post the answers in my next blog<\/h4>\n

          \u041f\u0440\u00ad\u00ad_<\/strong>\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0301\u0442\u044c, \u043f\u0440_<\/strong>\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0301\u0442\u044c, \u043f\u0440_<\/strong>\u0433\u043d\u0430\u0301\u0442\u044c, \u043f\u0440_<\/strong>\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0301\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0439, \u043f\u0440_<\/strong>\u043b\u0435\u0442, \u043f\u0440_<\/strong>\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0430\u0301\u0442\u044c, \u043f\u0440_<\/strong>\u0441\u0442\u0443\u0301\u043f\u043d\u0438\u043a, \u043f\u0440_<\/strong>\u0446\u0435\u0301\u043f, \u043f\u0440_<\/strong>\u0448\u0438\u0301\u0442\u044c, \u043f\u0440_<\/strong>\u0441\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0301\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u043f\u0440_<\/strong>\u0434\u0430\u0301\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c, \u043f\u0440_<\/strong>\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435\u0301\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u043f\u0440_<\/strong>\u0441\u043a\u0430\u043a\u0430\u0301\u0442\u044c<\/em><\/p>\n

          Lastly, I present to you a few Russian words that use both \u043f\u0440\u0435<\/strong> and \u043f\u0440\u0438<\/strong> prefixes, depending on the context.<\/p>\n

          \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0435\u0301\u043c\u043d\u0438\u043a<\/strong> \u2014 <\/strong>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0451<\/span>\u043c\u043d\u0438\u043a<\/strong> [Preyemnik – priyomnik]<\/strong><\/h4>\n

          \u041f\u0440\u0438\u0451<\/span>\u043c\u043d\u0438\u043a \u2014 transponder or a radio.<\/p>\n

          \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0435\u0301\u043c\u043d\u0438\u043a \u2014 a successor.<\/p>\n

          \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0301\u0442\u044c \u2014 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0301\u0442\u044c. [<\/strong>Pretvorit<\/strong>‘ \u2014 <\/strong>pritvorit<\/strong>‘.]<\/strong><\/h4>\n

          \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0301\u0442\u044c \u2014 to transform, to turn into, to change<\/p>\n

          For example, you can \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0301\u0442\u044c<\/em> \u043c\u0435\u0447\u0442\u0443\u0301<\/em>\u00a0\u0432<\/em> \u0440\u0435\u0430\u0301\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/em> [make one\u2019s dream a reality]<\/em><\/p>\n

          \u041f\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0301\u0442\u044c \u2013 to close but not fully<\/p>\n

          \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0301\u0442\u044c \u2014 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0301\u0442\u044c. [<\/strong>Predat<\/strong>‘ \u2014 <\/strong>pridat<\/strong>‘.]<\/strong><\/h4>\n

          \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0301\u0442\u044c \u2014 to betray<\/p>\n

          \u041f\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0301\u0442\u044c \u2014 to give something, usually used in fixed collocations, e.g. \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0301\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043c\u044b\u0301\u0441\u043b \u2014 to give meaning or \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0301\u0442\u044c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0301\u0447\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u2014 to give importance<\/p>\n

          But remember, prefixes are only half the fun. See this informative blog by Maria on suffixes in Russian place names.\u00a0<\/a><\/p>\n

          *Rules and some exceptions about prefixes \u043f\u0440\u0435<\/strong>–<\/strong> and \u043f\u0440\u0438<\/strong>– <\/strong>are referenced from 6th<\/sup> grade Russian language textbook, Part I by Sabitova Z. K. and Beisembayev A. R.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\"a

          Should I write \u043f\u0440\u0435 or \u043f\u0440\u0438? Whether you are a beginner Russian learner or a native speaker, dealing with these two prefixes is a handful. Actually, dealing with all the prefixes in Russian can be overwhelming without some of them sounding almost exactly the same. Is it \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0435\u0301\u0447\u044c or \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0447\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0301\u043d (to lie down…<\/p>\n

          Continue Reading<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":171,"featured_media":14565,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":""},"categories":[6,13],"tags":[35340,557259,1237,557258,35348],"class_list":["post-14561","post","type-post","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-grammar","category-vocabulary","tag-making-sense-of-russian-grammar","tag-prefixes---","tag-russian-grammar","tag-russian-morphemes","tag-russian-prefixes"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14561","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/171"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14561"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14561\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14578,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14561\/revisions\/14578"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/14565"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14561"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14561"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14561"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}