{"id":1937,"date":"2011-03-22T06:00:56","date_gmt":"2011-03-22T06:00:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/?p=1937"},"modified":"2014-07-17T14:37:45","modified_gmt":"2014-07-17T14:37:45","slug":"how-to-use-russian-adjectival-short-form","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/how-to-use-russian-adjectival-short-form\/","title":{"rendered":"How to Use Russian Short Form Adjectives"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\n<p>All who\u2019re scared of grammar, raise your hands. Ok, maybe raising hands is not the best idea since it prevents me from typing and you &#8211; from scrolling through this post.<\/p>\n<p>Anyway, <strong>\u00ab<\/strong><strong>\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0430<\/span>\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430\u00bb<\/strong> [grammar] can be intimidating. This goes for both learners of Russian as a second (or third or fourth) language and native Russian speakers. Just like John33317 noted in his recent <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/a-little-bit-of-grammar-irregular-plural-nouns\/#comments\">comment<\/a>, many native speakers of Russian <em>\u201caren\u2019t too sure about some things\u201d<\/em> either. And that\u2019s exactly why I try to stay away from grammar posts (ok, so now the secret is out).<\/p>\n<p>But like Natalie said in her post on <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/a-little-bit-of-grammar-irregular-plural-nouns\">irregular plural nouns<\/a>, grammar is absolutely necessary for language learning. So in the spirit of \u201cnothing to fear, but fear itself\u201d, what follows is a grammar post.<\/p>\n<p>Joerg asked for <em>\u201csome guidelines with respect to how and when to use the short form of adjectives rather than their long form\u201d<\/em> (again, in the comments on Natalie\u2019s post).<\/p>\n<p>First, let\u2019s do a very quick review of adjectives in Russian:<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00ab<\/strong><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0418<\/span><\/strong><strong>\u043c\u044f <\/strong><strong>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0433<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0430<\/span>\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435\u00bb<\/strong> [an adjective] is a part of speech that describes object\u2019s <strong>\u00ab<\/strong><strong>\u0441\u0432<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u043e<\/span>\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u00bb<\/strong> [properties]. It answers a question <strong>\u00ab<\/strong><strong>\u043a\u0430\u043a<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u043e<\/span>\u0439\u00bb<\/strong> (singular, masculine), <strong>\u00ab<\/strong><strong>\u043a\u0430\u043a<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0430<\/span>\u044f\u00bb<\/strong> (singular, feminine), <strong>\u00ab<\/strong><strong>\u043a\u0430\u043a<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u043e<\/span>\u0435\u00bb<\/strong> (singular, neuter), <strong>\u00ab<\/strong><strong>\u043a\u0430\u043a<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0438<\/span>\u0435\u00bb<\/strong> (plural, all genders). It means \u201cwhat kind\u201d or \u201cwhich\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>Furthermore, adjectives can be <strong>\u00ab<\/strong><strong>\u043a\u043e\u043b<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0438<\/span>\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435\u00bb<\/strong> [quantitative] and <strong>\u00ab<\/strong><strong>\u043a<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0430<\/span>\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435\u00bb<\/strong> [qualitative]. Only qualitative adjective have short form. So in a sentence<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00ab<\/strong><strong>\u041f<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0435<\/span>\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e <\/strong><strong>\u044f\u043d\u0432\u0430\u0440<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u044f<\/span> <\/strong><strong>\u0437\u0430\u043a<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0430<\/span>\u0442 <\/strong><strong>\u0431\u044b\u043b <\/strong><strong>\u043a\u0440<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0430<\/span>\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0439\u00bb<\/strong> [On the first of January the sunset was red]<\/p>\n<p>the adjective <strong>\u00ab<\/strong><strong>\u043f<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0435<\/span>\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439\u00bb<\/strong> [first] does not have a short form while the adjective <strong>\u00ab<\/strong><strong>\u043a\u0440<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0430<\/span>\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0439\u00bb<\/strong> [red] does &#8211; <strong>\u00ab<\/strong><strong>\u043a\u0440<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0430<\/span>\u0441\u0435\u043d\u00bb<\/strong> [red].<\/p>\n<p>To form a short form of an adjective, you start with its regular form and add gender-specific endings:<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00ab-<\/strong><strong>\u0430\u00bb<\/strong> or <strong>\u00ab-<\/strong><strong>\u044f\u00bb<\/strong> for feminine ones<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00ab-<\/strong><strong>\u043e\u00bb<\/strong> or <strong>\u00ab-<\/strong><strong>\u0435\u00bb<\/strong> for neuter ones<\/p>\n<p>and for masculine ones nothing is added.<\/p>\n<p>Here\u2019s a step-by-step process (assuming that your adjective is not already in the short form):<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Determine whether adjective has one of the following suffixes: <strong>&#8211;<\/strong><strong>\u0441\u043a-, &#8211;<\/strong><strong>\u043e\u0432-, &#8211;<\/strong><strong>\u0435\u0432-, &#8211;<\/strong><strong>\u043b-<\/strong> If it does, the adjective does not form a short form. If it doesn\u2019t, go to Step 2.<\/li>\n<li>Discard the ending, but keep the root and the suffix.<\/li>\n<li>Add gender-specific ending (see above) to form a short adjective.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>So, let\u2019s say you have an adjective <strong>\u00ab<\/strong><strong>\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0441<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0438<\/span>\u0432\u043e\u0435\u00bb<\/strong> [singular neuter form of \u201cbeautiful\u201d] as in <strong>\u00ab<\/strong><strong>\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0441<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0438<\/span>\u0432\u043e\u0435 <\/strong><strong>\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0442\u043d<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u043e<\/span>\u00bb<\/strong> [beautiful painting].<\/p>\n<p>Going through the steps:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Doesn\u2019t<\/li>\n<li>Keep <strong>\u00ab<\/strong><strong>\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0441<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0438<\/span>\u0432\u00bb<\/strong> and discard the ending <strong>\u00ab-<\/strong><strong>\u043e\u0435\u00bb<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Add neuter ending <strong>\u00ab-<\/strong><strong>\u043e\u00bb<\/strong> to arrive at <strong>\u00ab<\/strong><strong>\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0441<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0438<\/span>\u0432\u043e\u00bb<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Doing the same for <strong>\u00ab<\/strong><strong>\u043c\u043e\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435\u00bb<\/strong> [plural for \u201cmarine\u201d] as in <strong>\u00ab<\/strong><strong>\u043c\u043e\u0440\u0441\u043a<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0438<\/span>\u0435 <\/strong><strong>\u0436\u0438\u0432<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u043e<\/span>\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435\u00bb<\/strong> [marine animals]<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>It does (has the suffix -\u0441\u043a-) and therefore does not have a short form.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>How about <strong>\u00ab<\/strong><strong>\u043d<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u043e<\/span>\u0432\u0430\u044f\u00bb<\/strong> [singular feminine for \u201cnew\u201d] as in <strong>\u00ab<\/strong><strong>\u043d<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u043e<\/span>\u0432\u0430\u044f <\/strong><strong>\u0441<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0443<\/span>\u043c\u043a\u0430\u00bb<\/strong> [new bag]?<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Doesn\u2019t<\/li>\n<li>Keep <strong>\u00ab<\/strong><strong>\u043d\u043e\u0432\u00bb<\/strong> and drop the ending <strong>\u00ab-<\/strong><strong>\u0430\u044f\u00bb<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Add feminine ending <strong>\u00ab-<\/strong><strong>\u0430\u00bb<\/strong> to come up with <strong>\u00ab<\/strong><strong>\u043d<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u043e<\/span>\u0432\u0430\u00bb<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Unlike full forms, short forms of adjectives do not decline. Which is a good news for those who find declension rules overwhelming (count me in).<\/p>\n<p>So how do you know when to use which form? The rules are pretty simple<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Use short form to describe temporary situation, condition or property:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00ab<\/strong><strong>\u0412<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0430<\/span>\u043d\u044f <\/strong><strong>\u0431<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u043e<\/span>\u043b\u0435\u043d\u00bb<\/strong> [Vanya is ill] means that Vanya\u2019s illness is temporary and typically he is a healthy child.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00ab<\/strong><strong>\u0422\u044b <\/strong><strong>\u0441\u0435\u0433<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u043e<\/span>\u0434\u043d\u044f <\/strong><strong>\u043d\u0435 <\/strong><strong>\u0432<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0435<\/span>\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0430\u00bb<\/strong> [You are not cheerful today] &#8211; even a happy-go-lucky person can hit a low once in a while.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00ab<\/strong><strong>\u041c<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u043e<\/span>\u043b\u043e\u0434 <\/strong><strong>\u0442\u044b <\/strong><strong>\u0435\u0449<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0451<\/span> <\/strong><strong>\u043f<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0438<\/span>\u0432\u043e <\/strong><strong>\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c\u00bb<\/strong> [You are too young to drink beer] implies that one day you\u2019ll be old enough to do it.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u00a0When prepositions <strong>\u00ab<\/strong><strong>\u043a\u0430\u043a\u00bb<\/strong> and <strong>\u00ab<\/strong><strong>\u0442\u0430\u043a\u00bb<\/strong> are used (both would be translated as \u201cso\u201d in this case):<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00ab<\/strong><strong>\u0423\u0447<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0438<\/span>\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c <\/strong><strong>\u0442\u0430\u043a <\/strong><strong>\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0433\u00bb<\/strong> [The teacher is so strict]<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00ab<\/strong><strong>\u041a\u0430\u043a <\/strong><strong>\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0441<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0438<\/span>\u0432\u0430 <\/strong><strong>\u041d<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0430<\/span>\u0434\u044f!\u00bb<\/strong> [Nadia is so beautiful]<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00ab<\/strong><strong>\u041f<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u043e<\/span>\u0435\u0437\u0434 <\/strong><strong>\u0442\u0430\u043a <\/strong><strong>\u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u00bb<\/strong> [The train is so fast]<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00ab<\/strong><strong>\u041a\u0430\u043a <\/strong><strong>\u0433\u0440<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u044f<\/span>\u0437\u043d\u043e <\/strong><strong>\u044d\u0442\u043e <\/strong><strong>\u043e\u043a\u043d<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u043e<\/span>\u00bb<\/strong> [This window is so dirty]<\/p>\n<p>Of course, this wouldn\u2019t be Russian grammar if there were absolutely no exceptions to any of these rules. So here we go.<\/p>\n<p>In some cases you will encounter the \u201crunaway vowels\u201d <strong>\u00ab<\/strong><strong>\u043e\u00bb<\/strong> and <strong>\u00ab<\/strong><strong>\u0435\u00bb <\/strong>that will mess up the simple and clear 3-step process. It will happen mostly with masculine adjectives:<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00ab<\/strong><strong>\u041a\u0440<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0435<\/span>\u043f\u043a\u0438\u0439\u00bb<\/strong> [strong] will thus become <strong>\u00ab<\/strong><strong>\u043a\u0440<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0435<\/span>\u043f\u043e\u043a\u00bb<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00ab<\/strong><strong>\u0412\u0435\u0441<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0451<\/span>\u043b\u044b\u0439\u00bb<\/strong> [cheerful] will become <strong>\u00ab<\/strong><strong>\u0432<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0435<\/span>\u0441\u0435\u043b\u00bb<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00ab<\/strong><strong>\u0411\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u043e<\/span>\u0439\u00bb<\/strong> [ill] will be <strong>\u00ab<\/strong><strong>\u0431<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u043e<\/span>\u043b\u0435\u043d\u00bb<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00ab<\/strong><strong>\u041a\u0440<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0430<\/span>\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0439\u00bb<\/strong> [red] will be <strong>\u00ab<\/strong><strong>\u043a\u0440<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0430<\/span>\u0441\u0435\u043d\u00bb<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Some adjectives ending in <strong>\u00ab-<\/strong><strong>\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439\u00bb <\/strong>can form two short forms:<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00ab\u0435\u0441\u0442<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0435<\/span>\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439\u00bb<\/strong> [natural] can be both <strong>\u00ab\u0435\u0441\u0442<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0435<\/span>\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u00bb<\/strong> and <strong>\u00ab\u0435\u0441\u0442<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0435<\/span>\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u00bb<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00ab<\/strong><strong>\u0438\u0441\u043a<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0443<\/span>\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439\u00bb<\/strong> [artificial] can be either <strong>\u00ab<\/strong><strong>\u0438\u0441\u043a<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0443<\/span>\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u00bb<\/strong> or <strong>\u00ab<\/strong><strong>\u0438\u0441\u043a<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0443<\/span>\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u00bb<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00ab<\/strong><strong>\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0436<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0435<\/span>\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439\u00bb<\/strong> [solemn or triumphant] can be <strong>\u00ab<\/strong><strong>\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0436<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0435<\/span>\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u00bb<\/strong> and <strong>\u00ab<\/strong><strong>\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0436<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0435<\/span>\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u00bb<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>That and the fact that some of the short form adjectives do decline, but only if they are part of <strong>\u00ab<\/strong><strong>\u0443\u0441\u0442<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u043e<\/span>\u0439\u0447\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0435 <\/strong><strong>\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0442<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0430<\/span>\u043d\u0438\u0435\u00bb<\/strong> [collocation &#8211; two or more words that go together and immediately \u201csound right\u201d]:<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00ab<\/strong><strong>\u043d\u0430 <\/strong><strong>\u0431<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u043e<\/span>\u0441\u0443 <\/strong><strong>\u043d<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u043e<\/span>\u0433\u0443\u00bb<\/strong> [on one\u2019s bare feet] with a short form of <strong>\u00ab<\/strong><strong>\u0431\u043e\u0441<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u043e<\/span>\u0439\u00bb<\/strong> [barefoot]<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00ab<\/strong><strong>\u043f\u043e <\/strong><strong>\u0431<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0435<\/span>\u043b\u0443 <\/strong><strong>\u0441\u0432<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0435<\/span>\u0442\u0443\u00bb<\/strong> [to the wide world] with a short form of <strong>\u00ab<\/strong><strong>\u0431<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0435<\/span>\u043b\u044b\u0439\u00bb<\/strong> [white]<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00ab<\/strong><strong>\u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044c <\/strong><strong>\u0431<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0435<\/span>\u043b\u0430 <\/strong><strong>\u0434\u043d\u044f\u00bb<\/strong> [in broad daylight] same <strong>\u00ab<\/strong><strong>\u0431<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0435<\/span>\u043b\u044b\u0439\u00bb<\/strong> here as well<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00ab<\/strong><strong>\u043e\u0442 <\/strong><strong>\u043c<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0430<\/span>\u043b\u0430 <\/strong><strong>\u0434\u043e <\/strong><strong>\u0432\u0435\u043b<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0438<\/span>\u043a\u0430\u00bb<\/strong> [both young and old] with short forms of <strong>\u00ab<\/strong><strong>\u043c<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0430<\/span>\u043b\u044b\u0439\u00bb<\/strong> [young] and <strong>\u00ab<\/strong><strong>\u0432\u0435\u043b<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0438<\/span>\u043a\u0438\u0439\u00bb<\/strong> (this one is confusing because it means \u201cgreat\u201d, not \u201cadult\u201d or \u201cold\u201d).<\/p>\n<p>When it comes to style, avoid mixing full and short forms in one sentence to describe the same noun. So don\u2019t say <strong>\u00ab<\/strong><strong>\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442 <\/strong><strong>\u0440<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0443<\/span>\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e <\/strong><strong>\u0431\u043b<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u043e<\/span>\u0433\u0430 <\/strong><strong>\u0431\u044b\u043b <\/strong><strong>\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0435<\/span>\u0441\u0435\u043d <\/strong><strong>\u0438 <\/strong><strong>\u043f\u043e\u0443\u0447<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0438<\/span>\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439\u00bb <\/strong>[a post on the Russian blog was interesting and instructive], but choose either <strong>\u00ab<\/strong><strong>\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0435<\/span>\u0441\u0435\u043d <\/strong><strong>\u0438 <\/strong><strong>\u043f\u043e\u0443\u0447<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0438<\/span>\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u00bb<\/strong> or <strong>\u00ab<\/strong><strong>\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0435<\/span>\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0439 <\/strong><strong>\u0438 <\/strong><strong>\u043f\u043e\u0443\u0447<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0438<\/span>\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439\u00bb<\/strong>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<img width=\"286\" height=\"350\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2011\/03\/ShortAdjectives-286x350.jpg\" class=\"attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2011\/03\/ShortAdjectives-286x350.jpg 286w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2011\/03\/ShortAdjectives-768x938.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2011\/03\/ShortAdjectives-838x1024.jpg 838w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2011\/03\/ShortAdjectives.jpg 1732w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 286px) 100vw, 286px\" \/><p>All who\u2019re scared of grammar, raise your hands. Ok, maybe raising hands is not the best idea since it prevents me from typing and you &#8211; from scrolling through this post. Anyway, \u00ab\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430\u00bb [grammar] can be intimidating. This goes for both learners of Russian as a second (or third or fourth) language and native Russian&hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"post-item__readmore\"><a class=\"btn btn--md\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/how-to-use-russian-adjectival-short-form\/\">Continue Reading<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":39,"featured_media":1938,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":""},"categories":[8,7828],"tags":[35338,1131,35336,1237,1248,35337],"class_list":["post-1937","post","type-post","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-language","category-russian-for-beginners","tag-confusing-russian-grammar-rules","tag-learning-russian","tag-russian-adjectives","tag-russian-grammar","tag-russian-language","tag-short-form-of-russian-adjectives"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.0.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"All who\u2019re scared of grammar, raise your hands. 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