{"id":2925,"date":"2012-06-11T00:43:42","date_gmt":"2012-06-11T00:43:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/?p=2925"},"modified":"2014-07-17T18:21:50","modified_gmt":"2014-07-17T18:21:50","slug":"%d0%bd%d0%b0%d0%b4%d0%b5%d1%82%d1%8c-%d0%be%d0%b4%d0%b5%d0%b6%d0%b4%d1%83-%d0%be%d0%b4%d0%b5%d1%82%d1%8c-%d0%bd%d0%b0%d0%b4%d0%b5%d0%b6%d0%b4%d1%83","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/%d0%bd%d0%b0%d0%b4%d0%b5%d1%82%d1%8c-%d0%be%d0%b4%d0%b5%d0%b6%d0%b4%d1%83-%d0%be%d0%b4%d0%b5%d1%82%d1%8c-%d0%bd%d0%b0%d0%b4%d0%b5%d0%b6%d0%b4%d1%83\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00ab\u041d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0434\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443, \u043e\u0434\u0435\u0442\u044c \u041d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443\u00bb"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>&#8220;To put on clothes and to clothe Nadezhda&#8221;<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Maybe you recognize the title of today&#8217;s post &#8212; it&#8217;s a classic mnemonic device to help distinguish between the verbs <b>\u043d\u0430\u0434<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0435<\/span>\u0442\u044c<\/b> and <b>\u043e\u0434<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0435<\/span>\u0442\u044c<\/b>. Rest assured that it&#8217;s not only foreign students who have trouble with the two; do a Google search and you&#8217;ll find plenty of Russians griping about native-speaker celebrities, politicians, and TV news anchors who get the verbs mixed up.<\/p>\n<p>Even natives get confused because, in fact, the difference in usage between <b>\u043d\u0430\u0434<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0435<\/span>\u0442\u044c<\/b> and <b>\u043e\u0434<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0435<\/span>\u0442\u044c<\/b> is (just slightly) more complex than the mnemonic infers. Er, wait, I meant: &#8220;more complex than the mnemonic <i>implies<\/i>,&#8221; darn it! Anyway, in this post we&#8217;ll try to sort them out.<\/p>\n<p>The verb <b>\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0432<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0430<\/span>\u0442\u044c\/\u043e\u0434<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0435<\/span>\u0442\u044c (\u043a\u043e\u0433<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u043e<\/span>-\u043d\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0434\u044c)<\/b> means &#8220;to dress someone; to put clothes on someone.&#8221; Thus, <b>\u041c<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0430<\/span>\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0434\u0435\u0432<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0430<\/span>\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0435\u0431\u0451\u043d\u043a\u0430<\/b> (&#8220;The mother is dressing the child.&#8221;) You can also attach the reflexive suffix <b>-\u0441\u044f<\/b>, in which case it means &#8220;to dress oneself; to get dressed&#8221; &#8212; <b>\u0416<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0435<\/span>\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0434<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0435<\/span>\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c<\/b> (&#8220;The woman has gotten dressed.&#8221;)<\/p>\n<p>With or without the <b>-\u0441\u044f<\/b>, the imperfective conjugates like <b>\u0447\u0438\u0442<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0430<\/span>\u0442\u044c<\/b> (&#8220;to read&#8221;) &#8212; <b><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u044f<\/span> \u043e\u0434\u0435\u0432<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0430<\/span>\u044e, \u0442<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u044b<\/span> \u043e\u0434\u0435\u0432<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0430<\/span>\u0435\u0448\u044c<\/b>, etc. &#8212; and its imperative is <b>\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0432<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0430<\/span>\u0439(\u0442\u0435)<\/b>. The perfective-future conjugation has an <b>-\u043d-<\/b> added to the stem: <b><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u044f<\/span> \u043e\u0434<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0435<\/span>\u043d\u0443, \u0442<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u044b<\/span> \u043e\u0434<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0435<\/span>\u043d\u0435\u0448\u044c<\/b>&#8230;, and the imperative is <b>\u043e\u0434<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0435<\/span>\u043d\u044c(\u0442\u0435)<\/b>. Also, the past passive participle <b>\u043e\u0434<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0435<\/span>\u0442\u044b\u0439<\/b> can be used adjectivally (with <b>\u0432<\/b> + acc.) to mean &#8220;dressed (in)&#8221;:<\/p>\n<p><b>\u041c<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u044b<\/span> \u0443\u0432<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0438<\/span>\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0431<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0430<\/span>\u0439\u043a\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432, \u043e\u0434<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0435<\/span>\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u0432 \u0447\u0451\u0440\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043a<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u043e<\/span>\u0436\u0443.<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>(&#8220;We saw some bikers dressed in black leather.&#8221;)<\/ul>\n<p>In contrast, the pair <b>\u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0432<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0430<\/span>\u0442\u044c\/\u043d\u0430\u0434<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0435<\/span>\u0442\u044c<\/b> (<b>\u0447\u0442<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u043e<\/span>-\u043d\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0434\u044c<\/b>) takes an accusative object that refers to an inanimate article of clothing, not a person: <b>\u041e\u043d<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0430<\/span> \u043d\u0430\u0434<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0435<\/span>\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043a\u043b<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u044f<\/span>\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0442<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0443<\/span>\u0444\u043b\u044e<\/b> (&#8220;She put on the glass shoe.&#8221;). By default, it&#8217;s assumed that you&#8217;re putting the piece of clothing <i>on yourself<\/i>.<\/p>\n<p>So far, so simple: <b>\u041d\u0430\u0434<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0435<\/span>\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0434<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0435<\/span>\u0436\u0434\u0443, \u043e\u0434<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0435<\/span>\u0442\u044c \u041d\u0430\u0434<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0435<\/span>\u0436\u0434\u0443.<\/b><\/p>\n<p>But wait &#8212; what if you need to say something like &#8220;The prince put the glass shoe on Cinderella&#8221;? Here&#8217;s where the slight complexity comes in. For the most part, you can use both verbs interchangeably for this, but their <em>syntactic constructions<\/em> are NOT interchangeable!<\/p>\n<p>To illustrate, suppose a little girl is dressing a <b>\u043a<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0443<\/span>\u043a\u043b\u0430<\/b> (&#8220;doll&#8221;) in a <b><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u044e<\/span>\u0431\u043a\u0430<\/b> (&#8220;skirt&#8221;). You could then say:<\/p>\n<p><b>\u0414<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0435<\/span>\u0432\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u0435\u0432<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0430<\/span>\u0435\u0442 \u043a<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0443<\/span>\u043a\u043b\u0443 \u0432 <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u044e<\/span>\u0431\u043a\u0443.<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>(&#8220;The girl is dressing the doll in a skirt.&#8221;)<\/ul>\n<p>OR<\/p>\n<p><b>\u0414<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0435<\/span>\u0432\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0432<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0430<\/span>\u0435\u0442 <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u044e<\/span>\u0431\u043a\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u043a<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0443<\/span>\u043a\u043b\u0443.<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>(&#8220;The girl is putting a skirt on the doll.&#8221;)<\/ul>\n<p>Either way, the verb is followed by two accusatives, though one of these has a preposition and the other does not. But whether it&#8217;s the person or the garment functioning as the <i>direct<\/i> object (with no preposition) depends on the verb.<\/p>\n<p>Now suppose the girl herself has also gotten dressed &#8212; but (being in a silly mood), she put her socks on her hands! You might then say:<\/p>\n<p><b>\u0414<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0435<\/span>\u0432\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u0434<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0435<\/span>\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u0432 \u043a<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0443<\/span>\u0440\u0442\u043a\u0443, \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0434<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0435<\/span>\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u043e\u0441\u043a<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0438<\/span> \u043d\u0430 \u0440<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0443<\/span>\u043a\u0438.<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>(&#8220;The girl has dressed herself in a jacket and she put socks on her hands.&#8221;)<\/ul>\n<p>If she&#8217;d put the socks on her feet where they normally go, it would be sufficient to say &#8220;<b>\u041e\u043d<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0430<\/span> \u043d\u0430\u0434<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0435<\/span>\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u043e\u0441\u043a<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0438<\/span><\/b>&#8221; (&#8220;She put on the socks&#8221;), but when it&#8217;s necessary to be more clear, you can use <b>\u043d\u0430<\/b> + <i>[the body part(s) in the acc.]<\/i>.<\/p>\n<p>So, to recap:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0432<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0430<\/span>\u0442\u044c\/\u043e\u0434<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0435<\/span>\u0442\u044c<\/b> + <b>\u043a\u043e\u0433<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u043e<\/span>-\u043d\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0434\u044c<\/b> + <b>\u0432 \u0447\u0442<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u043e<\/span>-\u043d\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0434\u044c<\/b><br \/>\n(&#8220;to dress someone in something&#8221;)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><b>\u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0432<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0430<\/span>\u0442\u044c\/\u043d\u0430\u0434<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0435<\/span>\u0442\u044c<\/b> + <b>\u0447\u0442<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u043e<\/span>-\u043d\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0434\u044c<\/b> + <b>\u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0433<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u043e<\/span>-\u043d\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0434\u044c<\/b> \u0438(\u043b\u0438) <b>\u043d\u0430 \u0447\u0442<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u043e<\/span>-\u043d\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0434\u044c<\/b><br \/>\n(&#8220;to put something on someone, and\/or on some specified part of the body&#8221;)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>That, I hope, clears up any confusion about these two verbs for putting clothing ON. But&#8230;<\/p>\n<p>&#8230;what if you&#8217;re getting ready to take a bath? No problem &#8212; <b>\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0432<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0430<\/span>\u0442\u044c(\u0441\u044f)\/\u043e\u0434<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0435<\/span>\u0442\u044c(\u0441\u044f)<\/b> has the antonym <b>\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u0432<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0430<\/span>\u0442\u044c(\u0441\u044f)\/\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0435<\/span>\u0442\u044c(\u0441\u044f)<\/b>, &#8220;to undress someone (or oneself)&#8221;:<\/p>\n<p><b>\u041c<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0430<\/span>\u043b\u044c\u0447\u0438\u043a \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u0432<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0430<\/span>\u0435\u0442 \u0441<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0435<\/span>\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0443 \u043a<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0443<\/span>\u043a\u043b\u0443 \u0411<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0430<\/span>\u0440\u0431\u0438.<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>(&#8220;The boy is undressing his sister&#8217;s Barbie doll.&#8221;)<\/ul>\n<p><b>\u00ab\u0420\u0430\u0437\u0434<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0435<\/span>\u043d\u044c\u0441\u044f, \u041f<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0430<\/span>\u0448\u0430 &#8212; \u0442\u0435\u0431<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0435<\/span> \u043f\u043e\u0440<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0430<\/span> \u0441\u043f<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0430<\/span>\u0442\u044c!\u00bb<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>(&#8220;Get undressed, Paulie &#8212; it&#8217;s your bedtime!&#8221;)<\/ul>\n<p>By the way, <b>\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0435<\/span>\u0442\u044c(\u0441\u044f)<\/b> does not always mean stripping to total <b>\u043d\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0442<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0430<\/span><\/b> (&#8220;nudity&#8221;), but can refer to the outer garments collectively, not including such items as your <b>\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0441<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u044b<\/span><\/b> (&#8220;underpants&#8221;).<\/p>\n<p>However, if you&#8217;re taking off only a particular piece of clothing, then the antonym for <b>\u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0432<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0430<\/span>\u0442\u044c\/\u043d\u0430\u0434<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0435<\/span>\u0442\u044c<\/b> is the highly versatile verb <b>\u0441\u043d\u0438\u043c<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0430<\/span>\u0442\u044c\/\u0441\u043d<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u044f<\/span>\u0442\u044c<\/b> (perf. <b>c\u043d\u0438\u043c<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0443<\/span>, \u0441\u043d<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0438<\/span>\u043c\u0435\u0448\u044c&#8230;<\/b>), here meaning &#8220;to remove (something)&#8221;. When you&#8217;re visiting a Russian home, for instance, within about 1.5 nanometers of the front door you will be reminded:<\/p>\n<p><b>\u00ab\u0421\u043d\u0438\u043c<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0430<\/span>\u0439-\u043a\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u0442<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0438<\/span>\u043d\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0432<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0430<\/span>\u0439-\u043a\u0430 \u0442<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0430<\/span>\u043f\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0438!\u00bb<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>(&#8220;Take off your boots and put on the slippers!&#8221;)<\/ul>\n<p>Let&#8217;s wrap things up (no pun intended) with one more <b>-\u0434\u0435\u0442\u044c<\/b> verb: <b>\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0432<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0430<\/span>\u0442\u044c(\u0441\u044f)\/\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043e\u0434<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0435<\/span>\u0442\u044c(\u0441\u044f)<\/b>. In some contexts &#8212; if the accusative object is an article of clothing &#8212; the meaning is simply &#8220;to change clothes&#8221;:<\/p>\n<p><b>\u041c\u0443\u0436\u0447<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0438<\/span>\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043e\u0434<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0435<\/span>\u043b \u0431\u0440<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u044e<\/span>\u043a\u0438.<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>(&#8220;The man changed pants&#8221;<\/ul>\n<p>&#8230;which is synonymous with&#8230;<\/p>\n<p><b>\u041c\u0443\u0436\u0447<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0438<\/span>\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043d<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u044f<\/span>\u043b \u0431\u0440<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u044e<\/span>\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0434<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0435<\/span>\u043b \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0438<\/span>\u0435 \u0431\u0440<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u044e<\/span>\u043a\u0438.<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>(&#8220;The man took off the pants and put on different pants.&#8221;)<\/ul>\n<p>But when followed by an instrumental noun referring to a person, the verb can mean &#8220;to disguise [someone or oneself] as someone else&#8221;:<\/p>\n<p><b>\u041d\u0435\u043c<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0435<\/span>\u0446\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0448\u043f\u0438<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u043e<\/span>\u043d \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043e\u0434<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0435<\/span>\u043b\u0441\u044f<\/b><i>[or: <b>\u0431<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u044b<\/span>\u043b \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043e\u0434<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0435<\/span>\u0442<\/b>]<\/i><b>\u0441\u043e\u0432<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0435<\/span>\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0441\u043e\u043b\u0434<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0430<\/span>\u0442\u043e\u043c.<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>(&#8220;The German spy was disguised as a Soviet soldier.&#8221;)<\/ul>\n<p>Have more questions about clothes in Russian? Ask in the comments and we&#8217;ll try to (ahem) ad-dress them!<\/p>\n<p>* * * * *<\/p>\n<p>Using words from this post, can you think up some sentences describing how two kids might change around the stick-on wardrobes of <b>\u00ab\u041d\u0430\u0442<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0430<\/span>\u0448\u0430\u00bb<\/b> and <b>\u00ab\u0414\u0430\u0432<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0438<\/span>\u0434\u00bb<\/b>, as seen above? Here are some more clothing-nouns that might come in handy:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>\u0431\u043b<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0443<\/span>\u0437\u043a\u0430<\/b> (&#8220;blouse&#8221;)<\/li>\n<li><b>\u0434\u0436<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0438<\/span>\u043d\u0441\u044b<\/b> (&#8220;jeans&#8221;)<\/li>\n<li><b>\u043a<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0435<\/span>\u043f\u043a\u0430<\/b> (&#8220;baseball cap&#8221;)<\/li>\n<li><b>\u043a\u0443\u043f<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0430<\/span>\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a<\/b> (&#8220;bathing suit&#8221;)<\/li>\n<li><b>\u043f\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0442<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u043e<\/span><\/b> (&#8220;overcoat&#8221;)<\/li>\n<li><b>\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u043e<\/span>\u043a<\/b> (&#8220;kerchief; head scarf&#8221;)<\/li>\n<li><b>\u043f\u043b<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0430<\/span>\u0442\u044c\u0435<\/b> (&#8220;dress; gown&#8221;)<\/li>\n<li><b>\u0441\u0432<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0438<\/span>\u0442\u0435\u0440<\/b> (&#8220;sweater&#8221;)<\/li>\n<li><b>\u0441\u043c<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u043e<\/span>\u043a\u0438\u043d\u0433<\/b> (&#8220;tuxedo&#8221;)<\/li>\n<li><b>\u0444\u0443\u0442\u0431<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u043e<\/span>\u043b\u043a\u0430<\/b> (&#8220;T-shirt&#8221;)<\/li>\n<li><b>\u0448<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0430<\/span>\u043f\u043a\u0430<\/b> (&#8220;warm winter hat&#8221;)<\/li>\n<li><b>\u0448\u043b<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u044f<\/span>\u043f\u0430<\/b> (&#8220;generic hat&#8221;)<\/li>\n<li><b>\u0448<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0443<\/span>\u0431\u0430<\/b> (&#8220;fur coat&#8221;)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<img width=\"350\" height=\"275\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2012\/06\/dresssup_David-500x401-350x275.jpg\" class=\"attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2012\/06\/dresssup_David-500x401-350x275.jpg 350w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2012\/06\/dresssup_David-500x401.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\" \/><p>&#8220;To put on clothes and to clothe Nadezhda&#8221; Maybe you recognize the title of today&#8217;s post &#8212; it&#8217;s a classic mnemonic device to help distinguish between the verbs \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0442\u044c and \u043e\u0434\u0435\u0442\u044c. Rest assured that it&#8217;s not only foreign students who have trouble with the two; do a Google search and you&#8217;ll find plenty of Russians&hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"post-item__readmore\"><a class=\"btn btn--md\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/%d0%bd%d0%b0%d0%b4%d0%b5%d1%82%d1%8c-%d0%be%d0%b4%d0%b5%d0%b6%d0%b4%d1%83-%d0%be%d0%b4%d0%b5%d1%82%d1%8c-%d0%bd%d0%b0%d0%b4%d0%b5%d0%b6%d0%b4%d1%83\/\">Continue Reading<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":94,"featured_media":2956,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":""},"categories":[8,7828],"tags":[9154,1131,385640,1237],"class_list":["post-2925","post","type-post","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-language","category-russian-for-beginners","tag-clothes","tag-learning-russian","tag-russian-for-beginners","tag-russian-grammar"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2925","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/94"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2925"}],"version-history":[{"count":53,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2925\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6449,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2925\/revisions\/6449"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2956"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2925"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2925"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2925"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}