{"id":362,"date":"2009-07-13T13:05:17","date_gmt":"2009-07-13T17:05:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/?p=362"},"modified":"2009-07-13T13:05:17","modified_gmt":"2009-07-13T17:05:17","slug":"russian-cases-%c2%ab%d0%92%d0%b8%d0%bd%d0%b8%d1%82%d0%b5%d0%bb%d1%8c%d0%bd%d1%8b%d0%b9-%d0%bf%d0%b0%d0%b4%d0%b5%d0%b6%c2%bb-accusative-part-i","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/russian-cases-%c2%ab%d0%92%d0%b8%d0%bd%d0%b8%d1%82%d0%b5%d0%bb%d1%8c%d0%bd%d1%8b%d0%b9-%d0%bf%d0%b0%d0%b4%d0%b5%d0%b6%c2%bb-accusative-part-i\/","title":{"rendered":"Russian Cases: \u00ab\u0412\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u00bb [Accusative] (part I)"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Today’s case – \u00ab\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0438<\/span>\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u0434\u0435<\/span>\u0436\u00bb<\/strong> [accusative] – is used in the sentence above \u00ab\u0414\u043e\u0431\u0440\u043e<\/span> \u043f\u043e\u0436\u0430<\/span>\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u043c\u0443\u0437\u0435<\/span>\u0439!\u00bb <\/strong>[‘Welcome to the museum!’] as an answer to the question: \u00ab\u043a\u0443\u0434\u0430<\/span>?\u00bb<\/strong> [where?].<\/em><\/p>\n

Today’s post will be an easy, breezy post – and thus a perfect post to read on lazy summer days like these in the middle of July. If you haven’t touched your \u00ab\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430<\/span>\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0440\u0443<\/span>\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0430<\/span>\u00bb<\/strong> [Grammar of Russian Language] since \u00ab\u0434\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438<\/span>\u0438\u00bb<\/strong> on the 12th<\/sup> of July – of which the ever increasing layer of dust upon it speaks clearly – \u00ab\u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430<\/span>\u0439!\u00bb<\/strong> [don’t worry!] You are not alone, to use the famous words of the late great King of Pop, \u00ab\u041c\u0430\u0439\u043a\u043b \u0414\u0436\u0435<\/span>\u043a\u0441\u043e\u043d\u00bb<\/strong> as the Russians call him. Summer is a time of the year when even the firmest of Russophiles is allowed to have other things on their mind than focusing endlessly on pronouncing unstressed \u00ab\u043e\u00bb<\/strong> as \u00ab\u0430\u00bb<\/strong> thus making words like \u00ab\u0445\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043e<\/span>\u00bb<\/strong> [good], \u00ab\u043e<\/span>\u0431\u043b\u0430\u043a\u043e\u00bb<\/strong> [cloud] and \u00ab\u043d\u0435<\/span>\u0431\u043e\u00bb<\/strong> [sky] sound like \u00ab\u0445\u0430<\/em>\u0440\u0430<\/em>\u0448\u043e<\/span>\u00bb<\/strong> [good], \u00ab\u043e<\/span>\u0431\u043b\u0430\u043a\u0430<\/em>\u00bb<\/strong> [cloud] and \u00ab\u043d\u0435<\/span>\u0431\u0430<\/em>\u00bb<\/strong> [sky]. During the summer it’s okay just relax and spend some time with the easiest of Russian language’s six cases – \u00ab\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0438<\/span>\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u0434\u0435<\/span>\u0436\u00bb <\/strong>[accusative]. This case is used after verbs to express the DIRECT OBJECT<\/em> of the sentence – something that most other languages also have. Most sentences have a subject and a verb. The direct object is usually what follows that verb. That’s why this case should be a piece of cake for everyone, or, literally: \u00ab\u043a\u0443\u0441\u043e<\/span>\u043a \u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0430<\/span>\u00bb<\/strong> – as this popular English idiom could have been directly translated into Russian but in general it isn’t because it is not an idiom in Russian. Anyway, let’s take a look at a couple of sentences where accusative expresses the direct object after verbs:<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u042f \u0432\u0438<\/span>\u0436\u0443 \u043a\u0430<\/span>\u0440\u0442\u0443 \u0420\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0443<\/span>\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0422\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0430<\/span>\u043d\u00bb<\/strong> – [I see a map of the Republic of Tatarstan<\/a>].<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u041a\u0430<\/span>\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0435<\/span>\u0447\u0435\u0440 \u043c\u044b \u0441\u043c\u043e<\/span>\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c \u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0438<\/span>\u0437\u043e\u0440\u00bb<\/strong> – [Every evening we watch TV].<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u041e\u043d \u0437\u043d\u0430<\/span>\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0438<\/span>\u0445\u0438 \u0415\u0432\u0442\u0443\u0448\u0435<\/span>\u043d\u043a\u043e<\/a>\u00bb<\/strong> – [He knows Yevtushenko’s<\/a> poems].<\/p>\n

Accusative only gets tricky – and then only a bit tricky, not very very tricky, but a teeny tiny bit tricky – when it comes to the difference it makes between female and male nouns. Yes, you heard me: there’s a distinct difference between female and male nouns in accusative. The rule is as follows – in accusative the form for male nouns that are \u00ab\u041e\u0414\u0423\u0428\u0415\u0412\u041b\u0401<\/span>\u041d\u041d\u042b\u0415\u00bb<\/strong> [ANIMATE; in other words: ‘living people’] is the same as in GENITIVE<\/em>. Male animate nouns do not have a special accusative form. There’s no such difference between \u00ab\u043e\u0434\u0443\u0448\u0435\u0432\u043b\u0451<\/span>\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435\u00bb<\/strong> [animate] and \u00ab\u043d\u0435\u043e\u0434\u0443\u0448\u0435\u0432\u043b\u0451<\/span>\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435\u00bb<\/strong> [inanimate] in accusative case for female nouns. They have their own special form in accusative – usually their \u00ab\u0430\u00bb<\/strong>-ending is changed into an \u00ab\u0443\u00bb<\/strong>, the same thing happens to \u00ab\u044f\u00bb<\/strong> which turns into a \u00ab\u044e\u00bb<\/strong>. Here are some examples to illustrate this rule:<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u042f \u0437\u043d\u0430<\/span>\u044e \u0418\u0432\u0430<\/span>\u043d\u0430\u00bb<\/strong> – [I know Ivan].<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u0422\u044b \u043f\u043e<\/span>\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0448\u044c \u041b\u0438<\/span>\u0437\u0443?\u00bb<\/strong> – [Do you remember Liza?]<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u041c\u044b \u043b\u044e<\/span>\u0431\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0442\u0446\u0430<\/span>\u00bb<\/strong> – [We love (our)<\/em> father].<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u041e\u043d\u0438<\/span> \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438<\/span>\u043b\u0438 \u0410<\/span>\u043d\u044e \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0442\u044c\u00bb<\/strong> – [They asked Anya to sing].<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Here’s an example of how female nouns ending with the vowel \u00ab\u044f\u00bb<\/strong> receives the ending \u00ab\u044e\u00bb<\/strong> in accusative: \u00ab\u0411\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0438<\/span>\u0442\u0435 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438<\/span>\u044e!\u00bb<\/strong> [Protect Russia!]. The form \u00ab\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0438\u0442\u0435\u00bb is plural imperative of the imperfect verb \u00ab\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435<\/span>\u0447\u044c\u00bb<\/strong> [to save, keep; to save, conserve; to take care of; guard; protect]. In first person singular in present tense the form used is \u00ab\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443<\/span>\u00bb<\/strong> as in \u00ab\u044f \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430<\/span> \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443<\/span> \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e<\/span>\u0434\u0443\u00bb<\/strong> [I always protect nature], for example. After this verb the case used is always accusative.<\/em><\/p>\n

It would be very easy to explain this case saying that the \u00ab\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0438<\/span>\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439\u00bb<\/strong> [accusative] in this case comes from the verb \u00ab\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0438<\/span>\u0442\u044c\u00bb <\/strong>[impfv.<\/em> to blame]. But \u00ab\u0424\u0430<\/span>\u0441\u043c\u0435\u0440\u00bb<\/strong> and his \u00ab\u042d\u0442\u0438\u043c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438<\/span>\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044c \u0440\u0443<\/span>\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0430<\/span>\u00bb<\/strong> [Etymologic Dictionary of Russian Language] teaches us that this is a folly and a mistake made long before us by people who – most likely – knew this language a whole lot better:<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u0412\u0438\u043d\u0438<\/span>\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u0434\u0435<\/span>\u0436 – \u043a\u0430<\/span>\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0430 \u0441 \u043b\u0430\u0442\u0438<\/span>\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043b\u043e<\/span>\u0432\u0430 casus accusativus<\/em>, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430<\/span>\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0442 \u0433\u0440\u0435<\/span>\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043b\u043e<\/span>\u0432\u0430, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430<\/span>\u043b\u043e \u00ab\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0435<\/span>\u0436, \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430<\/span>\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430<\/span>\u0442 \u0434\u0435<\/span>\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f\u00bb. \u0412 \u0440\u0443<\/span>\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435<\/span> \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0451<\/span>\u043d \u043d\u0435\u0432\u0435<\/span>\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e<\/span>\u0434 \u0441 \u043b\u0430\u0442\u0438<\/span>\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e: \u00ab\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0438<\/span>\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439, \u0442\u043e \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0430\u0434\u0435<\/span>\u0436 \u043e\u0431\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0435<\/span>\u043d\u0438\u044f\u00bb.<\/strong><\/p>\n

[Accusative case – a loan translation from the Latin word casus accusatives<\/em>, originally from the Greek word that meant “a case, meaning the result of an action”. In Russian is reflected the incorrect translation from Latin: “accusative, that is the case of accusation”.]<\/p>\n

Next time we’ll take a closer look at the prepositions that demand to be followed by accusative case. And in the mean time – I wish everyone \u00ab<\/strong>\u0441\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043b\u0438<\/span>\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e<\/strong> <\/strong>\u043b\u0435<\/span>\u0442\u0430<\/strong>\u00bb <\/strong>[a happy summer] and \u00ab<\/strong>\u0445\u043e\u0440\u043e<\/span>\u0448\u0435\u0439<\/strong> <\/strong>\u043f\u043e\u0433\u043e<\/span>\u0434\u044b<\/strong>\u00bb<\/strong> [good weather] and, of course, \u00ab<\/strong>\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435<\/span>\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e<\/strong> <\/strong>\u043e<\/span><\/strong>\u0442\u0434\u044b\u0445\u0430<\/strong>\u00bb<\/strong> [healthy rest]! Anyone traveling to Russia this summer? Where to? I would love to find out!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\"\"

Today’s case – \u00ab\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u00bb [accusative] – is used in the sentence above \u00ab\u0414\u043e\u0431\u0440\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0436\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u043c\u0443\u0437\u0435\u0439!\u00bb [‘Welcome to the museum!’] as an answer to the question: \u00ab\u043a\u0443\u0434\u0430?\u00bb [where?]. Today’s post will be an easy, breezy post – and thus a perfect post to read on lazy summer days like these in the middle of…<\/p>\n

Continue Reading<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":28,"featured_media":364,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[914,1217,1237,1248,1461,1812,1813,1674],"class_list":["post-362","post","type-post","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-language","tag-accusative","tag-russian-cases","tag-russian-grammar","tag-russian-language","tag-1461","tag-1812","tag-1813","tag-1674"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t