{"id":4898,"date":"2013-09-17T09:00:26","date_gmt":"2013-09-17T09:00:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/?p=4898"},"modified":"2014-07-17T19:36:06","modified_gmt":"2014-07-17T19:36:06","slug":"how-to-talk-about-studying-like-a-russian","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/how-to-talk-about-studying-like-a-russian\/","title":{"rendered":"How to Talk About Studying Like a Russian"},"content":{"rendered":"

\n

The first thing a visitor to my old school saw upon entering the massive front doors was the famous quote \u0423\u0447\u0438<\/span>\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f, \u0443\u0447\u0438<\/span>\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0438 \u0443\u0447\u0438<\/span>\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f<\/strong> (To study, to study and to study). Bonus point if you know whose quote it is. The quote was in large gilded letters which, by the time I reached high school, lost their shine. This seemed fitting as that was the time when most of the students in my \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441<\/strong> (grade) were getting fed up with \u043a\u043b\u0430<\/span>\u0441\u0441\u044b<\/strong> (lessons). Ironically, we all had plans to apply to \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435<\/span>\u0442<\/strong> (university) or \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443<\/span>\u0442<\/strong> (institute), where, if accepted, we would had to \u0443\u0447\u0438<\/span>\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f<\/strong> (study) five more years. But, as some wisecracks pointed out, one \u0434\u043e<\/span>\u043b\u0436\u0435\u043d \u0443\u0447\u0438<\/span>\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f, \u0443\u0447\u0438<\/span>\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f, \u0438 \u0443\u0447\u0438<\/span>\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f, \u043e\u0441\u043e<\/span>\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0435<\/span>\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0445\u043e<\/span>\u0447\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e<\/span>\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e<\/span>\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e<\/span>\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/strong> (must study, study, study, especially if one doesn\u2019t want to work, work, work).<\/p>\n

\n

So in honor of my old school (pictured above), today\u2019s word is \u0443\u0447\u0438<\/span>\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f<\/strong> (to study). First thing first, the person who \u0443<\/span>\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f<\/strong> (studies) is \u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438<\/span>\u043a<\/strong> (a pupil). In works of literature you might sometimes come across the word \u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044f<\/span>\u0440<\/strong> which sounds very similar to \u201cscholar\u201d and means a person who goes to school and studies:<\/p>\n

\u0413\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438<\/span>\u043b\u0438, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432 \u043c\u043e<\/span>\u043b\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0414\u043e\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0432\u044f<\/span>\u0437\u044b\u0439 \u0414\u0436\u043e\u043d \u0421\u0438<\/span>\u043b\u044c\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043e<\/span>\u043c<\/strong> – They said, in his youth Long John Silver was a student.<\/p>\n

Another word you might come across, both in literary works and in real life, is \u043d\u0435<\/span>\u0443\u0447<\/strong> – someone who \u043d\u0435 \u0443<\/span>\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f<\/strong> (does not study). This poorly performing student might also be a \u043d\u0435<\/span>\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0445<\/strong> (literally, someone who \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u0443<\/span>\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442<\/strong>, doesn\u2019t listen). As a result, the most frequent \u043e\u0446\u0435<\/span>\u043d\u043a\u0430<\/strong> (mark) he receives in class is \u043d\u0435<\/span>\u0443\u0434<\/strong>, short for \u043d\u0435 \u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438<\/span>\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e<\/strong> (unsatisfactory).<\/p>\n

Remember, schools in Russia use the 1-5 system for grading with 5 meaning \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438<\/span>\u0447\u043d\u043e<\/strong> (excellent), 4 meaning \u0445\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043e<\/span><\/strong> (good), 3 – \u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438<\/span>\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e<\/strong> (satisfactory) or \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0440\u0435<\/span>\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e<\/strong> (average), and 2 and 1 – the marks of \u043f\u043b\u043e<\/span>\u0445\u043e<\/strong> (poor) or \u043d\u0435\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438<\/span>\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e<\/strong> (unsatisfactory). And now, armed with this knowledge, you can translate the title of this painting \u041e\u043f\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Speaking of underperforming students, another word with the \u0443\u0447<\/strong> root is \u043d\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0443<\/span>\u0447\u043a\u0430<\/strong>. Here again there is the negative prefix \u043d\u0435-, but it is followed by another prefix, \u0434\u043e-. Let\u2019s see if you can figure this one out. Here\u2019s a hint: \u0434\u043e\u0443\u0447\u0438<\/span>\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f<\/strong> is a verb that means \u201cto complete one\u2019s study\u201d.<\/p>\n

On the other hand, someone who studies hard might become \u0443\u0447\u0435<\/span>\u043d\u044b\u0439<\/strong> (a scientist) like Mikhail Lomonosov, Dmitri Mendeleyev or Ludvig Nobel (Alfred\u2019s older and vastly richer brother). And, speaking of Lomonosov, he was the classic example of someone known as \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0443<\/span>\u0447\u043a\u0430<\/strong> (self-taught learner), another good \u0443\u0447<\/strong> word. But in order to be like Lomonosov, you must \u0433\u0440\u044b\u0437\u0442\u044c \u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438<\/span>\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0443<\/span>\u043a\u0438<\/strong> (to study hard, literally to gnaw the granite of science). You will need to \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043f\u0435<\/span>\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434 \u0443\u0447\u0435<\/span>\u0431\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438<\/strong> (to plod away over the textbooks). And sooner or later you will need to have good \u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f<\/span><\/strong> (teachers).<\/p>\n

The person who \u0443<\/span>\u0447\u0438\u0442<\/strong> (teaches) students is known as \u0443\u0447\u0438<\/span>\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c<\/strong> (a teacher), but typically only school teachers are called that. A university instructor is called \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430<\/span>\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c<\/strong> or, somewhat disrespectfully, \u043f\u0440\u0435<\/span>\u043f\u043e\u0434<\/strong> for short.<\/p>\n

\u042f \u0434\u043e \u0441\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0440 \u043f\u043e<\/span>\u043c\u043d\u044e \u0441\u0432\u043e\u044e<\/span> \u043f\u0435<\/span>\u0440\u0432\u0443\u044e \u0448\u043a\u043e<\/span>\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0443\u0447\u0438<\/span>\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0443<\/strong> – I still remember my first school teacher.<\/p>\n

\u041d\u0430\u0448 \u043f\u0440\u0435<\/span>\u043f\u043e\u0434 – \u043f\u0440\u043e<\/span>\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0437\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044c, \u0442\u0440\u0435<\/span>\u0431\u0443\u0435\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e<\/span>\u0431\u044b \u043c\u044b \u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438<\/span>\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u043b\u0435<\/span>\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438<\/strong> – Our instructor is a real monster, requires us to attend all the lectures.<\/p>\n

\u00a0Of course, some say that \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u044c – \u043b\u0443<\/span>\u0447\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0443\u0447\u0438<\/span>\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c<\/strong> (life is the best teacher) and that \u043c\u044b \u043b\u0443<\/span>\u0447\u0448\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e<\/span> \u0443<\/span>\u0447\u0438\u043c\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438<\/span>\u0445 \u043e\u0448\u0438<\/span>\u0431\u043a\u0430\u0445<\/strong> (we learn best from our own mistakes). Which brings to mind the maxim \u0434\u0443\u0440\u0430<\/span>\u043a \u043d\u0435 \u0443<\/span>\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u0443<\/span>\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0443<\/span>\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438<\/span>\u0445 \u043e\u0448\u0438<\/span>\u0431\u043a\u0430\u0445, \u043c\u0443\u0434\u0440\u0435<\/span>\u0446 – \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0448\u0438<\/span>\u0431\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438<\/span>\u0445<\/strong> (a fool doesn\u2019t learn; a smart person learns from his own mistakes; a wise person learns from the mistakes of others).<\/p>\n

And now, here are some practice sentences for you on when to use the verb \u0443\u0447\u0438<\/span>\u0442\u044c<\/strong> (to teach, to study) and \u0443\u0447\u0438<\/span>\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f<\/strong> (to study, to learn). Choose the correct verb:<\/p>\n

\u0423\u0447\u0438<\/span>\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\/\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f<\/em> \u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430<\/span><\/strong> – A teacher is teaching a pupil<\/p>\n

\u0423\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438<\/span>\u043a \u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\/\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f<\/em> \u0443 \u0443\u0447\u0438<\/span>\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f<\/strong> – A pupil is learning from a teacher<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u042f \u0443\u0447\u0443\/\u0443\u0447\u0443\u0441\u044c<\/em> \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430<\/span>\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0443<\/strong> – I am studying math<\/p>\n

\u042f \u0443\u0447\u0443\/\u0443\u0447\u0443\u0441\u044c <\/em>\u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430<\/span>\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430<\/strong> – I am studying to be a mathematician<\/p>\n

\u0422\u044b \u0434\u043e<\/span>\u043b\u0436\u0435\u043d \u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c\/\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f<\/em> \u0443\u0440\u043e<\/span>\u043a\u0438<\/strong> – You must do your homework<\/p>\n

\u0422\u044b \u0434\u043e<\/span>\u043b\u0436\u0435\u043d \u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c\/\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f<\/em> \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438<\/span>\u0447\u043d\u043e<\/strong> – You must study so that you can be a straight A student<\/p>\n

\u041d\u0435 \u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\/\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c<\/em> \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f<\/span> \u0436\u0438\u0442\u044c<\/strong> – Don\u2019t teach me how to live my life<\/p>\n

\u041d\u0435 \u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\/\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c<\/em> \u0443 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f<\/span> \u0434\u0443\u0440\u043d\u044b<\/span>\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u044b<\/span>\u0447\u043a\u0430\u043c<\/strong> – Do not learn bad habits from me<\/p>\n

\u041d\u0435 \u0445\u043e\u0447\u0443<\/span> \u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c\/\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f<\/em> \u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430<\/span>\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0443<\/strong> – I don\u2019t want to study grammar<\/p>\n

\u041d\u0435 \u0445\u043e\u0447\u0443<\/span> \u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c\/\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f<\/em>, \u0430 \u0445\u043e\u0447\u0443<\/span> \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438<\/span>\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f<\/strong> – I don\u2019t want to study, I want to get married<\/p>\n

\u00a0And, if all this was too easy, here\u2019s a much harder one:<\/p>\n

What\u2019s the difference between \u044f \u0443\u0447\u0443<\/span> \u0440\u0443<\/span>\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u044f\u0437\u044b<\/span>\u043a \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b<\/span>\u0445<\/strong> and \u044f \u0443\u0447\u0443<\/span> \u0440\u0443<\/span>\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0443<\/span> \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b<\/span>\u0445<\/strong>? Which one is correct?<\/p>\n

If you get frustrated, check the answers below and remember \u0443\u0447\u0435<\/span>\u043d\u044c\u0435 – \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0442, \u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0443\u0447\u0435<\/span>\u043d\u044c\u0435 – \u0442\u044c\u043c\u0430<\/strong> (knowledge is light; lack of it is darkness).<\/p>\n

Answers (with brief explanation):<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0423\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c<\/strong> is used with a direct object as in \u0443\u0447\u0438<\/span>\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0435\u0431\u0435<\/span>\u043d\u043a\u0430<\/strong> (to teach a child), \u0443\u0447\u0438<\/span>\u0442\u044c \u0430\u043d\u0433\u043b\u0438<\/span>\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439<\/strong> (to study English), \u0443\u0447\u0438<\/span>\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435<\/span>\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/strong> (to learn (by heart) a poem).<\/p>\n

\u0423\u0447\u0438<\/span>\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f<\/strong> is used when talking about where and how you study and also what you study for as in \u0443\u0447\u0438<\/span>\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0448\u043a\u043e<\/span>\u043b\u0435<\/strong> (study at a secondary school), \u0443\u0447\u0438<\/span>\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438<\/span>\u0447\u043d\u043e<\/strong> (to get straight As in one’s studying), \u0443\u0447\u0438<\/span>\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0443 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438<\/span>\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u043e<\/span>\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430<\/strong> (to learn from a famous doctor), \u0443\u0447\u0438<\/span>\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043e<\/span>\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430<\/strong> (to study to be a doctor).<\/p>\n

\u0423\u0447\u0438<\/span>\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0443<\/span>\u0447\u0438\u0442 \u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430<\/span><\/strong> – A teacher is teaching a pupil<\/p>\n

\u0423\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438<\/span>\u043a \u0443<\/span>\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0443 \u0443\u0447\u0438<\/span>\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f<\/strong> – A pupil is learning from a teacher<\/p>\n

\u042f \u0443\u0447\u0443<\/span> \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430<\/span>\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0443<\/strong> – I am studying math<\/p>\n

\u042f \u0443\u0447\u0443<\/span>\u0441\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430<\/span>\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430<\/strong> – I am studying to be a mathematician<\/p>\n

\u0422\u044b \u0434\u043e<\/span>\u043b\u0436\u0435\u043d \u0443\u0447\u0438<\/span>\u0442\u044c \u0443\u0440\u043e<\/span>\u043a\u0438<\/strong> – You must learn your lessons<\/p>\n

\u0422\u044b \u0434\u043e<\/span>\u043b\u0436\u0435\u043d \u0443\u0447\u0438<\/span>\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438<\/span>\u0447\u043d\u043e<\/strong> – You must study so that you can be a straight A student<\/p>\n

\u041d\u0435 \u0443\u0447\u0438<\/span>\u0442\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f<\/span> \u0436\u0438\u0442\u044c<\/strong> – Don\u2019t teach me how to live my life<\/p>\n

\u041d\u0435 \u0443\u0447\u0438<\/span>\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0443 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f<\/span> \u0434\u0443\u0440\u043d\u044b<\/span>\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u044b<\/span>\u0447\u043a\u0430\u043c<\/strong> – Do not learn bad habits from me<\/p>\n

\u041d\u0435 \u0445\u043e\u0447\u0443<\/span> \u0443\u0447\u0438<\/span>\u0442\u044c \u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430<\/span>\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0443<\/strong> – I don\u2019t want to study grammar<\/p>\n

\u041d\u0435 \u0445\u043e\u0447\u0443<\/span> \u0443\u0447\u0438<\/span>\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f, \u0430 \u0445\u043e\u0447\u0443<\/span> \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438<\/span>\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f<\/strong> – I don\u2019t want to study, I want to get married<\/p>\n

For help with the last question, you might find this discussion<\/a> useful.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\"\"

The first thing a visitor to my old school saw upon entering the massive front doors was the famous quote \u0423\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f, \u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0438 \u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f (To study, to study and to study). Bonus point if you know whose quote it is. The quote was in large gilded letters which, by the time I reached high school…<\/p>\n

Continue Reading<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":39,"featured_media":4902,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4898","post","type-post","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4898","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/39"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4898"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4898\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6597,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4898\/revisions\/6597"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4902"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4898"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4898"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4898"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}