{"id":9380,"date":"2016-08-29T07:50:29","date_gmt":"2016-08-29T07:50:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/?p=9380"},"modified":"2016-08-29T02:47:44","modified_gmt":"2016-08-29T02:47:44","slug":"verb-forms-that-dont-exist-in-russian","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/verb-forms-that-dont-exist-in-russian\/","title":{"rendered":"Verb Forms That Don’t Exist in Russian"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"missing

Image from Pixabay<\/p><\/div>\n

Quite naturally, most of the time, we talk about what\u00a0can<\/em> be said in Russian on this blog. \u00a0However, surprisingly, there are also things you cannot say. Here are a few\u00a0missing verb forms and ways to work around them, where possible.<\/p>\n

\u041f\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c<\/h2>\n

Ask any Russian what you cannot say in Russian, and, chances are, they will mention \u043f\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0434\u0438<\/span>\u0442\u044c<\/strong> (to win) among their top five answers. \u041f\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c<\/strong> is followed by the accusative case of the person\/thing defeated and\/or by \u0432 + the prepositional case for the battle\/contest you won: \u043f\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0430<\/span> \u0432 \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435<\/span>\u043d\u0438\u0438<\/strong> (to defeat the enemy in a battle). Note that “to win” for prizes and the like is \u0432\u044b<\/span>\u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n

\u041f\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c<\/strong> is a perfective verb, so it only has past and future forms. Its imperfective counterpart is \u043f\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0430<\/span>\u0442\u044c<\/strong>. \u041f\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c<\/strong> has all the expected forms in the past — \u043f\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0434\u0438<\/span>\u043b\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0434\u0438<\/span>\u043b, \u043f\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0434\u0438<\/span>\u043b\u0438, \u043f\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0434\u0438<\/span>\u043b\u043e<\/strong>, but in the future tense, it is missing the first person singular. So you can say, “\u042f \u0443\u0432\u0435<\/span>\u0440\u0435\u043d, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043c\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0434\u0438<\/span>\u043c<\/strong>” (“I’m sure we will win”), but not “…\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0434\u044e\/\u043f\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0436\u0443<\/del>.” To express the same idea, use the phrase “\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430<\/span>\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0431\u0435<\/span>\u0434\u0443<\/strong>.”<\/p>\n

\u041d\u0430\u0434\u0435<\/span>\u044e\u0441\u044c, \u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0443<\/span> \u043f\u043e\u0431\u0435<\/span>\u0434\u0443 \u0438 \u0432 \u0434\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0442\u0435\u0430<\/span>\u0442\u0440\u0435 \u0415\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0431\u0443<\/span>\u0440\u0433\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u044f\u0437\u0430<\/span>\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430<\/span>\u0432\u0438\u043c \u044d<\/span>\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430<\/span>\u043a\u043b\u044c (I hope I win and we will be sure to stage this play in the Yekaterinburg Drama Theatre). [\u0411\u0438\u0440\u044e\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0421\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0435\u0439. \u0428\u0410\u041d\u0414\u042b\u0411\u0418\u041d \u041c\u0415\u041d\u042f\u0415\u0422 \u0421\u0426\u0415\u041d\u0423 \/\/ \u0422\u0440\u0443\u0434-7, 2004.01.14]<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u041e\u0447\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f<\/h2>\n

The next verb I’d like to cover is\u00a0\u043e\u0447\u0443\u0442\u0438<\/span>\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f<\/strong>, meaning “to find yourself (somewhere).” This is also a perfective verb and does not have an imperfective counterpart. You can use \u043e\u043a\u0430<\/span>\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f<\/strong> (imp.) instead.<\/p>\n

\"man

Image from Pixabay<\/p><\/div>\n

Again, this verb has all four past forms: \u043e\u0447\u0443\u0442\u0438<\/span>\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c, \u043e\u0447\u0443\u0442\u0438<\/span>\u043b\u0441\u044f, \u043e\u0447\u0443\u0442\u0438<\/span>\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c, \u043e\u0447\u0443\u0442\u0438<\/span>\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c<\/strong>. For instance, Mikhail Lozinsky’s translation of Dante’s\u00a0Inferno<\/em> has this word in the opening lines<\/a>: “\u0417\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0443<\/span>\u044e \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0434\u044f<\/span> \u0434\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438<\/span>\u043d\u044b,\/\/\u042f \u043e\u0447\u0443\u0442\u0438<\/span>\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0441\u0443<\/span>\u043c\u0440\u0430\u0447\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043b\u0435\u0441\u0443<\/span><\/strong>” (“Midway upon the journey of our life\/\/I found myself within a forest dark” in Henry Longfellow’s translation).<\/p>\n

This verb, too, lacks the first person singular, so you can say \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u0447\u0443\u0442\u044f<\/span>\u0442\u0441\u044f<\/strong> or \u043c\u044b \u043e\u0447\u0443\u0442\u0438<\/span>\u043c\u0441\u044f<\/strong>, but not \u044f \u043e\u0447\u0443\u0442\u044e\u0441\u044c\/\u043e\u0447\u0443\u0449\u0443\u0441\u044c<\/del>. If you need to convey the same idea, use \u043e\u043a\u0430\u0436\u0443<\/span>\u0441\u044c<\/strong>. Note that \u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430<\/span>\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f<\/strong> has the added meaning of “to turn out to be a certain way” that \u043e\u0447\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f<\/strong> does not. The example below shows the shared meaning of the two words.<\/p>\n

\u042f \u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430<\/span>\u043a \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0436\u0438\u0434\u0430<\/span>\u043b, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043e\u043a\u0430\u0436\u0443<\/span>\u0441\u044c \u0432 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e<\/span>\u043c \u0440\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e<\/span>\u0448\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043e\u0442\u0435<\/span>\u043b\u0435 (I never expected to find myself in such a luxurious hotel). [\u0412\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d \u0411\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0436\u043a\u043e\u0432. \u0420\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043e \u0421\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043d\u044b\u043c (1971-1998)]<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u0414\u0435\u0440\u0437\u0438\u0442\u044c<\/h2>\n

The examples above do not have the “I” form. Some verbs could theoretically have that form, but because of homonymy with other verbs, it is not used in practice. \u0414\u0435\u0440\u0437\u0438<\/span>\u0442\u044c<\/strong> is one of these verbs.<\/p>\n

It means “to be fresh\/disrespectful, to talk back.” You may recognize the related word \u0434\u0435<\/span>\u0440\u0437\u043a\u0438\u0439<\/strong>, daring.<\/p>\n

\u0414\u0435\u0440\u0437\u0438\u0442\u044c<\/strong> is imperective, so it has past, present, and future forms — for example, \u043e\u043d\u0430<\/span> \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0437\u0438<\/span>\u043b\u0430, \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0437\u0438<\/span>\u0442, \u0431\u0443<\/span>\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0437\u0438<\/span>\u0442\u044c<\/strong>. This time, its present first person singular form is not used. It would normally be \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0443 (compare “to slide”: \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0438<\/span>\u0442\u044c–\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0436\u0443<\/span><\/strong>), but that sounds like a form of \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430<\/span>\u0442\u044c<\/strong><\/a>, to hold.<\/p>\n

You could probably use something like \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0431\u043b\u044e<\/span><\/strong> (“am being rude”) to replace the missing form.<\/p>\n

\u2015 \u0422\u044b \u043d\u0435 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0431\u0438<\/span> \u0441\u0442\u0430<\/span>\u0440\u0448\u0438\u043c. \u2015 \u042f \u043d\u0435 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0431\u043b\u044e<\/span>. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0443 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f<\/span> \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e<\/span>\u0439 \u0433\u043e<\/span>\u043b\u043e\u0441. (“Don’t be rude to your elders.” “I’m not. That’s my voice is all.” [\u0412\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0439 \u041c\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u0432. \u0411\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0438\u043d, \u0431\u0443\u0434\u044c \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c! (1957)]<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

There are several more missing verb — and noun — forms. Would you like to cover some more on this blog?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\"man

Quite naturally, most of the time, we talk about what\u00a0can be said in Russian on this blog. \u00a0However, surprisingly, there are also things you cannot say. Here are a few\u00a0missing verb forms and ways to work around them, where possible. \u041f\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c Ask any Russian what you cannot say in Russian, and, chances are, they will…<\/p>\n

Continue Reading<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":113,"featured_media":9385,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[385725,507314,60883,173117],"class_list":["post-9380","post","type-post","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-language","tag-advanced-learners","tag-grammar","tag-morphology","tag-verb-conjugations"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9380","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/113"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9380"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9380\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9387,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9380\/revisions\/9387"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9385"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9380"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9380"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9380"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}