{"id":9388,"date":"2016-09-01T07:50:56","date_gmt":"2016-09-01T07:50:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/?p=9388"},"modified":"2016-09-01T03:08:00","modified_gmt":"2016-09-01T03:08:00","slug":"other-missing-forms-in-russian","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/other-missing-forms-in-russian\/","title":{"rendered":"Other Missing Forms in Russian"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Image from Pixabay<\/p><\/div>\n

Last time, were talked about some verb\u00a0forms that don’t exist in Russian<\/a> and some ways around these limitations. However, “missing” forms are not limited to verbs. Let us look at three other cases. These examples may not be immediately practical for beginner learners, who are welcome to check out our basic Russian posts<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Dream On<\/h2>\n

Add you may know, \u043c\u0435\u0447\u0442\u0430<\/span> <\/strong>is the Russian for a dream. Note that the dream you have while sleeping is called \u0441\u043e\u043d<\/strong>, the same as sleep.<\/p>\n

\u041c\u0435\u0447\u0442\u0430<\/strong> declines normally in all forms except for the genitive plural. So, for instance, you cannot say “\u0423 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f<\/span> \u043c\u043d\u043e<\/span>\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0447\u0442<\/del>” (I have many dreams). This idiosyncrasy has led to such humorous wishes<\/a> as “\u0436\u0435\u043b\u0430<\/span>\u044e \u0441\u0431\u044b<\/span>\u0447\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0447\u0442<\/strong>” (I hope your dreams come true): neither \u0441\u0431\u044b<\/span>\u0447\u0430 nor \u043c\u0435<\/span>\u0447\u0442 is an existing word. The same idea can be expressed correctly by saying “\u0436\u0435\u043b\u0430\u044e, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0442\u0432\u043e\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0447\u0442\u044b \u0441\u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c.”<\/p>\n

If you absolutely need to use the genitive plural from, pick \u043c\u0435\u0447\u0442\u0430<\/span>\u043d\u0438\u0439<\/strong>. \u041c\u0435\u0447\u0442\u0430<\/span>\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/strong> is a somewhere bookish word for “desires, aspirations.”<\/p>\n

\u041a\u0430\u043a\u0438<\/span>\u0435 \u044d<\/span>\u0442\u043e \u0431\u044b<\/span>\u043b\u0438 \u0440\u0430<\/span>\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u043d\u0438, \u043d\u0435\u0434\u0435<\/span>\u043b\u0438, \u043c\u0435<\/span>\u0441\u044f\u0446\u044b, \u043f\u043e<\/span>\u043b\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435<\/span>\u0436\u0434 \u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0447\u0442\u0430<\/span>\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043e \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0440\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435<\/span>\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0425\u0443\u0434\u043e<\/span>\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0435\u0430<\/span>\u0442\u0440\u0430! (What happy days, weeks, months these were, full of hopes and dreams for a revival of the Art Theatre!) [\u0412\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0414\u0430\u0432\u044b\u0434\u043e\u0432. \u0422\u0435\u0430\u0442\u0440 \u043c\u043e\u0435\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0447\u0442\u044b (2004)]<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

22 Days<\/h2>\n
\"wristwatch\"

Image from Pixabay<\/p><\/div>\n

\u0421\u0443<\/span>\u0442\u043a\u0438<\/strong> is an interesting word in Russian and probably deserves a separate post. This plurale\u00a0tantum<\/em><\/a> (plural only) word refers to a 24-hour period, which allows you to distinguish between \u0434\u0435\u043d\u044c<\/strong> as in the daytime and \u0441\u0443\u0442\u043a\u0438<\/strong> as in the entire 24-hour day. A one-word equivalent for 24\/7 is \u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0443<\/span>\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

If we want to refer to one such period, we say \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438<\/span> \u0441\u0443<\/span>\u0442\u043a\u0438<\/strong>. For periods from two to four days, use collective numerals<\/a>: \u0434\u0432\u043e<\/span>\u0435, \u0442\u0440\u043e<\/span>\u0435, \u0447\u0435<\/span>\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e \u0441\u0443<\/span>\u0442\u043e\u043a<\/strong>. From five up we use “normal” cardinal numbers: \u043f\u044f\u0442\u044c, \u0434\u0435<\/span>\u0441\u044f\u0442\u044c, \u043f\u044f\u0442\u043d\u0430<\/span>\u0434\u0446\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0443<\/span>\u0442\u043e\u043a<\/strong>. That works up to and including 20: \u0434\u0432\u0430<\/span>\u0434\u0446\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0443<\/span>\u0442\u043e\u043a<\/strong>. As Russian nouns following numbers ending in one formally have the singular form, we say \u0434\u0432\u0430<\/span>\u0434\u0446\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438<\/span> \u0441\u0443<\/span>\u0442\u043a\u0438\u00a0<\/strong>for 21 days.<\/p>\n

Once we get to 22, however, to be consistent with two, or first instinct is to say \u0434\u0432\u0430\u0434\u0446\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0435<\/del>, but collective numerals don’t go that high. Consequently, for numbers above 21, we have to abandon the convenient \u0441\u0443\u0442\u043a\u0438<\/strong> and revert to using \u0434\u0435\u043d\u044c<\/strong>: \u0434\u0432\u0430<\/span>\u0434\u0446\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u043d\u044f<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

\u041b\u0435\u0442\u0430<\/span>\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u043d\u0438<\/span> 22 \u0434\u043d\u044f, \u0438, \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u044f<\/span> \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0449\u0430<\/span>\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e<\/span>\u0432\u043a\u0443, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0448\u043b\u043e<\/span>\u0441\u044c \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0430<\/span>\u0447\u043a\u0430\u043c \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043b\u0430<\/span>\u0434\u043a\u043e (Their flight took 22 days, and, despite thorough training, the dogs had a rough time). [\u042e\u0440\u0438\u0439 \u0421\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0447. \u041f\u0443\u0442\u0435\u0448\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u0438\u043d\u043e\u044e \u0432 \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u044c (1999)]<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

One Does Not Simply<\/h2>\n

Many European languages have convenient pronouns to say “one,” as in whoever were talking about–on, man, uno,<\/em>\u00a0and so on. Russian has a nifty reflexive pronoun that refers back to whoever the subject of your sentence or clause was: \u0441\u0435\u0431\u044f<\/span><\/strong>. So you can say “\u042f \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043b\u044e<\/span> \u0441\u0435\u0431\u044f<\/span>, \u0442\u044b \u0432\u0435<\/span>\u0440\u0438\u0448\u044c \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u0431\u044f<\/span><\/strong>” (I love myself, you believe in yourself) etc. We covered this pronoun and its declension<\/a> in a previous post.<\/p>\n

The flip side of its versatility is that \u0441\u0435\u0431\u044f<\/strong> does not have a nominative form If you need to make a general statement, use \u0442\u044b forms instead.<\/p>\n

\u041f\u043e\u0439\u0434\u0451\u0448\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0438<\/span>\u043d\u043a\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0443<\/span>\u044e-\u043d\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0434\u044c \u0438<\/span>\u043b\u0438 \u043a \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443<\/span>-\u043d\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0434\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u0430<\/span>\u0434\u044c\u0431\u0443, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043c \u043a\u0442\u043e<\/span>-\u043d\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0434\u044c \u0437\u0430\u0441\u043d\u0438<\/span>\u043c\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0441\u0451 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0438<\/span>\u0434\u0435\u043e, \u0430 \u0435\u0449\u0451 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e<\/span>\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0441\u043b\u0443<\/span>\u0447\u0430\u0435 \u0431\u0443<\/span>\u0434\u0435\u0448\u044c \u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435<\/span>\u0442\u044c \u044d<\/span>\u0442\u0443 \u0437\u0430<\/span>\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0438 \u0443\u0434\u0438\u0432\u043b\u044f<\/span>\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f\u2026 (So you go to someone’s party or wedding, and someone films all of this, and then you watch that recording when the time comes and feel surprised…) [\u0415\u0432\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0413\u0440\u0438\u0448\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0446. \u041e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0415\u043c\u0415\u043d\u043d\u043e (2004)]<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

So hopefully this was exciting to see, if not immediately useful. Is there anything I mentioned in this post that you would like to learn more about?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\"wristwatch\"

Last time, were talked about some verb\u00a0forms that don’t exist in Russian and some ways around these limitations. However, “missing” forms are not limited to verbs. Let us look at three other cases. These examples may not be immediately practical for beginner learners, who are welcome to check out our basic Russian posts. Dream On…<\/p>\n

Continue Reading<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":113,"featured_media":9403,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[385726,7372,1084,507314,385727],"class_list":["post-9388","post","type-post","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-language","tag-collective-numerals","tag-declension","tag-genitive-case","tag-grammar","tag-missing-forms"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9388","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/113"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9388"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9388\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9404,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9388\/revisions\/9404"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9403"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9388"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9388"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9388"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}