{"id":9648,"date":"2016-12-15T07:08:07","date_gmt":"2016-12-15T07:08:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/?p=9648"},"modified":"2017-01-04T20:46:53","modified_gmt":"2017-01-04T20:46:53","slug":"not-just-swimming-3-main-senses-of-%d0%bf%d0%bb%d0%b0%d0%b2%d0%b0%d1%82%d1%8c-in-russian","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/not-just-swimming-3-main-senses-of-%d0%bf%d0%bb%d0%b0%d0%b2%d0%b0%d1%82%d1%8c-in-russian\/","title":{"rendered":"Not Just Swimming: 3 Main Senses of \u041f\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c in Russian"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"young

Image from Pixabay<\/p><\/div>\n

\u041f\u043b\u0430<\/span>\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c is a verb that means either swim or sail in Russian. It is interesting in many ways. As a verb of motion, it has two distinct imperfective aspect forms. In addition, it has useful metaphorical applications.<\/p>\n

1. Water Travel<\/h1>\n

You may remember that verbs of motion<\/a> have not one but two imperfective forms. \u041f\u043b\u044b\u0442\u044c\/\u043f\u043b\u0430<\/span>\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c means to propel yourself in water in some fashion, whether by swimming or by sailing. The difference between the two forms is that \u043f\u043b\u044b\u0442\u044c is used about a one-way trip with a specific destination while \u043f\u043b\u0430<\/span>\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c is used to talk about traveling back and forth or with no specific destination.<\/p>\n

\u041c\u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0301 \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0301\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u043b\u044b\u0442\u044c \u043a \u0431\u0435\u0301\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443 (I could not help but swim towards the shore). [\u0424\u0430\u0437\u0438\u043b\u044c \u0418\u0441\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0435\u0440. \u0412\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0441\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043a (1973)]<\/p>\n

\u041a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0301\u0447\u043d\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0301\u0431\u044b \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0301\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u0410\u043c\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0430\u0301\u043c\u0435 \u0432 \u043c\u0443\u0437\u0435\u0301\u0439, \u043d\u0443\u0301\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0301\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043d\u0435\u0434\u044e\u0301\u0436\u0438\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0301\u043b\u0438 \u2015 \u0448\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0301\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e \u0443\u0301\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430\u043c \u0438\u0301\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0301\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0301\u043b\u0430\u043c \u0437\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0433\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0301\u0437\u0434\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0301\u0441\u043d\u0435\u0435, \u0447\u0435\u043c \u0432\u0434\u044b\u0445\u0430\u0301\u0442\u044c \u0430\u043a\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0301\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e \u043f\u044b\u043b\u044c (Naturally, making it to a museum in Amsterdam takes incredible willpower \u2014 roaming the streets or sailing the canals is much more interesting here than inhaling academic dust). [\u0415\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u041c\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043a. \u0421\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0411\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u044f (2002) \/\/ \u00ab\u0410\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043f\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0442\u00bb, 2002.05.15]<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

To talk about knowing how to swim, you would say “\u042f \u0443\u043c\u0435<\/span>\u044e \u043f\u043b\u0430<\/span>\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c” (not \u043f\u043b\u044b\u0442\u044c) because it’s a repeated activity with multiple destinations, not a specific lap. In many cases, you can use either verb with slight differences in meaning. Compare: \u041c\u043e\u0440\u044f\u043a\u0438<\/span> \u043f\u043b\u044b\u0432\u0443<\/span>\u0442 \u0432 \u0422\u0438<\/span>\u0445\u043e\u043c \u043e\u043a\u0435\u0430<\/span>\u043d\u0435 vs \u041c\u043e\u0440\u044f\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u043b\u0430<\/span>\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0432 \u0422\u0438\u0445\u043e\u043c \u043e\u043a\u0435\u0430\u043d\u0435. The first one implies that they are sailing now, on a specific trip, while the second one suggests a repetitive trip or one with many legs.<\/p>\n

2. Staying afloat<\/h1>\n
\"floating

Image from Pixabay<\/p><\/div>\n

In this sense \u043f\u043b\u044b\u0442\u044c\/\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c refers to floating\u00a0in some medium (water, air) without propelling yourself. Fun fact: “float” is also a cognate of \u043f\u043b\u044b\u0442\u044c<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\u0411\u0435\u0301\u043b\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0448\u044e\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0301\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u0432\u043e\u0301\u0437\u0434\u0443\u0445\u0435 \u2015 \u043e\u0442\u0446\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0301 \u043e\u0434\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0301\u043d\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0438 (White parachutes were floating in the air \u2014 the dandelions had finished blooming). [\u042e. \u041e. \u0414\u043e\u043c\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439. \u0424\u0430\u043a\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0439, \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c 1 (1978)]<\/p>\n

\u041f\u043e \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0301\u0434\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0301\u043b\u0438\u0449\u0430 \u043f\u043b\u044b\u0301\u043b\u0438 \u0436\u0451\u043b\u0442\u044b\u0435 \u043b\u0438\u0301\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044f\u00a0(Yellow leaves were floating on the surface of the reservoir). [\u0414\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438\u043b \u0413\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043d. \u0417\u0443\u0431\u0440 (1987)]<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

3. A Little Fuzzy<\/h1>\n

A common figurative use of \u043f\u043b\u044b\u0442\u044c\/\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c is based on the metaphor of not being firmly grounded. For instance, when someone has no clear understanding of what they are talking about and cannot back up their claims, we can say “\u043e\u043d \u043f\u043b\u0430<\/span>\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442.”<\/p>\n

\u041f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0301\u0446\u0438\u044f, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0301\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0301\u043b\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0301\u0431\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0433\u043e\u0301\u0440\u043e\u0434 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0301\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e, \u0437\u0434\u043e\u0301\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0301\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432 \u044d\u0301\u0442\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0301\u0441\u0430\u0445 (The police, whose professional duty it is to have an exhaustive knowledge of the city, is quite clueless about these things). [\u0410\u043d\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0439 \u041b\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0440\u0447\u0443\u043a. \u0412\u0441\u0435, \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0435… (1995)]<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

A similar idea applies to a situation where some quantity is not fixed, like an interest rate.<\/p>\n

\u0417\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0301\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0301\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0301\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0301\u043d\u043d\u0435\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0301\u0434\u043a\u0435 \u0431\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0438\u0301\u0440\u044b \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0301\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0438\u0301\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u0301\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0301\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0301\u0432\u043e\u043a (Bankers plan to make up for the ban on unilateral changes in conditions by introducing variable rates). [\u0411\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0438\u0440\u044b \u0432 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435 \/\/ \u0420\u0411\u041a Daily, 2009.12.10]<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Have you seen any of these uses? Is there anything you find confusing or perhaps intuitive about them?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\"\"

\u041f\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c is a verb that means either swim or sail in Russian. It is interesting in many ways. As a verb of motion, it has two distinct imperfective aspect forms. In addition, it has useful metaphorical applications. 1. Water Travel You may remember that verbs of motion have not one but two imperfective forms. \u041f\u043b\u044b\u0442\u044c\/\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c…<\/p>\n

Continue Reading<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":113,"featured_media":9652,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[1290,2556,250249,161,1384,507305],"class_list":["post-9648","post","type-post","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-language","tag-russian-verbs","tag-swimming","tag-thematic-vocabulary","tag-travel","tag-verbs-of-motion","tag-vocabulary"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9648","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/113"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9648"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9648\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9656,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9648\/revisions\/9656"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9652"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9648"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9648"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9648"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}