{"id":9714,"date":"2017-01-17T07:35:30","date_gmt":"2017-01-17T07:35:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/?p=9714"},"modified":"2017-05-17T17:39:41","modified_gmt":"2017-05-17T17:39:41","slug":"5-distinct-types-of-food-establishments-in-russia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/5-distinct-types-of-food-establishments-in-russia\/","title":{"rendered":"5 Distinct Types of Food Establishments in Russia"},"content":{"rendered":"

I’ve noticed in the Anglo-American world, the word “restaurant” has been used to describe many kinds of establishments, from upscale eateries to fast-food joints. I would like to concentrate on the connotations of different Russian words for describing places serving food and why they are not interchangeable.<\/p>\n

\u0420\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430<\/span>\u043d \u2014 Sit-Down Restaurant<\/h1>\n
\"Food

Image from Pixabay<\/p><\/div>\n

\u0420\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430<\/span>\u043d<\/strong> has traditionally referred to a fairly formal sit-down food service facility. Some hallmarks of a traditional \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043d are:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • \u0441\u0442\u043e<\/span>\u043b\u0438\u043a<\/strong> \u2014 a table (note the diminutive suffix -\u0438\u043a)<\/li>\n
  • \u043e\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430<\/span>\u043d\u0442(\u043a\u0430) <\/strong>\u2014 a waiter (waitress)<\/li>\n
  • \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0430<\/span>\u0437<\/strong> – an order; \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c is to order<\/li>\n
  • \u0441\u0447\u0451\u0442<\/strong> – a check<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Recently, big fast food chains have started calling themselves \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043d in public communications, but people still refer to them as \u0437\u0430\u0431\u0435\u0433\u0430<\/span>\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430<\/strong> (more on this word below), \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0443<\/span>\u0441\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f<\/strong> (casual eatery, from “\u0437\u0430\u043a\u0443<\/span>\u0441\u043a\u0430<\/strong>” \u2014 appetizer) or \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043d\/\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043f\u0440\u0438<\/span>\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u0431\u044b<\/span>\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0438\u0442\u0430<\/span>\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/strong> (fast food restaurant).<\/p>\n

    \u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0430\u0301\u044f \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0301\u0432 \u0432 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0301\u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0301\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442\u043d\u044e\u0301\u0434\u044c \u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0443\u0301\u0445\u043d\u044f\u0445 \u0444\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0301\u0431\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0301\u043d\u043e\u0432, \u0430 \u0432 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0301\u0445 \u0438 \u0448\u043a\u043e\u0301\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0301\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u0301\u043b\u0438, \u0432 \u043b\u0443\u0301\u0447\u0448\u0435\u043c \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0301\u0447\u0430\u0435, \u043a\u0435\u0439\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0433\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u0301\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445.
    \n(Most chefs in Russia work not in the kitchens of upscale restaurants but in factory or school cafeteria or, at best, for catering companies.)
    \n[\u0422\u0430\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044c\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0440\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0430 \/\/ \u00ab\u0417\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435-\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0430\u00bb, 2013]<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

    \u041a\u0430\u0444\u0435<\/span> \u2014 Caf\u00e9<\/h1>\n

    \u041a\u0430\u0444\u0435<\/span> <\/strong>is a less formal setting and usually has a more limited menu of snacks\/light meals. A business where you may pick up your order at the cash register and where the selection is limited to sandwiches\/desserts is likely to be called \u043a\u0430\u0444\u0435<\/span> in Russian, even though some Anglophone countries may call it a “restaurant.”<\/p>\n

    \u041a\u0430\u0444\u0435<\/span> <\/strong>does not necessarily mean “coffee house” and may or may not serve coffee. \u041b\u0435<\/span>\u0442\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u0444\u0435<\/span> <\/strong>may refer to a standalone outdoor eatery or summer outdoor seating for an existing restaurant. A related word is \u043a\u0430\u0444\u0435\u0442\u0435<\/span>\u0440\u0438\u0439<\/strong>, which was more popular in the Soviet times and is now falling out of use.<\/p>\n

    \u041e\u043d\u0438\u0301 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0301\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0432 \u0434\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0301\u0447\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0301\u043c \u043a\u0430\u0444\u0435\u0301 \u2015 \u043e\u043d\u0430\u0301 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u0301\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0301\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0301\u0447\u0443, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0301\u0431\u044b \u0432\u0441\u0451 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u0301 \u043b\u0435\u0433\u043a\u043e\u0301 \u0438, \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0301\u0442\u044c, \u043d\u0438 \u043a \u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443\u0301 \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u044f\u0301\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043b\u043e.
    \n(They met in a laid-back chain restaurant \u2014 she had arranged to meet there on purpose so that the meeting would be casual and with no strings attached.)
    \n[\u041c\u0430\u0448\u0430 \u0422\u0440\u0430\u0443\u0431. \u041d\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u044f la vie (2008)]<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

    \u0421\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e<\/span>\u0432\u0430\u044f \u2014 Dining Hall<\/h1>\n

    A place where you go to eat at your place of work, school, or medical facility is called \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e<\/span>\u0432\u0430\u044f<\/strong> (“cafeteria,” “canteen”), although it may also be a standalone self-service restaurant with stereotypically “Soviet food.” \u0421\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e<\/span>\u0432\u0430\u044f<\/strong> is often the place where you go on your lunch break.<\/p>\n

    Normally, \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e<\/span>\u0432\u0430\u044f may have a different menu each day and will offer all three courses \u2014 \u043f\u0435<\/span>\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0435<\/strong> (soup), \u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e<\/span>\u0435<\/strong> (main course), and \u0442\u0440\u0435<\/span>\u0442\u044c\u0435<\/strong> (dessert). The customers carry the dishes or tray (\u043f\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e<\/span>\u0441<\/strong>) to the table and the return them after finishing the meal.<\/p>\n

    \u041c\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0301\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0301\u0432\u0443\u044e \u0432 \u0447\u0430\u0441, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430\u0301 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0301\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0447\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0301\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0446\u044b\u0301 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0301\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0301\u043d\u043e\u0432.
    \n(We would come to the cafeteria at a time when public servants and central store clerks were having their lunch.)
    \n[\u041c\u0438\u0445\u0430\u0438\u043b \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432. \u041f\u043e\u044d\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u0431\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \/\/ \u00ab\u0421\u0438\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0433\u043d\u0438\u00bb, 2012]<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

    \u0411\u0443\u0444\u0435<\/span>\u0442 \u2014 Cafeteria<\/h1>\n
    \"people

    Image from Pixabay<\/p><\/div>\n

    \u0411\u0443\u0444\u0435<\/span>\u0442<\/strong> is similar to \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f, but it may have more reheated, ready-to-eat items and desserts. \u0411\u0443\u0444\u0435\u0442<\/strong> may be located inside a different facility, like a school or theater. Note that this is a “false friend” with “buffet” \u2014 an arrangement where you can pick your own food from several options is called “\u0448\u0432\u0435<\/span>\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b<\/strong>” in Russian.<\/p>\n

    \u0412 \u0431\u0443\u0444\u0435\u0301\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0301\u043b\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0301\u0444\u0435, \u0431\u0443\u0301\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0448\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0301\u0434\u043a\u0438.
    \n(The food stand sold coffee, pastries, and chocolate bars.)
    \n[\u0410\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0435\u0439 \u041c\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432. \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u041f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430 (2013)]<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

    \u0417\u0430\u0431\u0435\u0433\u0430<\/span>\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u2014 Hole-in-the-Wall<\/h1>\n

    First of all, let me note that \u0437\u0430\u0431\u0435\u0433\u0430<\/span>\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430<\/strong> is a colloquial word with ironic to negative connotations, and no business would refer to itself as such. \u0417\u0430\u0431\u0435\u0433\u0430<\/span>\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430<\/strong> is a quick-stop, hole-in-the-wall, fast food restaurant (not necessarily of the big franchise kind). This word comes from \u0431\u0435<\/span>\u0433\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/strong> \u2014 to run.<\/p>\n

    A more neutral way of referring to your own fast food restaurant would be \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0443<\/span>\u0441\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

    \u0415\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0301\u043d\u044b, \u043a\u0430\u0444\u0435\u0301, \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0301\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0301\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0431\u0435\u0433\u0430\u0301\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0301\u0441\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044e\u0301.
    \n(There are full-service restaurants, cafes, cafeterias, and even holes-in-the-wall with wonderful menus.)
    \n[\u0410\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0440 \u0414\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0435\u0432. \u042d\u043b\u0435-\u0424\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043a \/\/ \u00ab\u041c\u0443\u0440\u0437\u0438\u043b\u043a\u0430\u00bb, 2003]<\/p><\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\"people

    I’ve noticed in the Anglo-American world, the word “restaurant” has been used to describe many kinds of establishments, from upscale eateries to fast-food joints. I would like to concentrate on the connotations of different Russian words for describing places serving food and why they are not interchangeable. \u0420\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043d \u2014 Sit-Down Restaurant \u0420\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043d has traditionally referred…<\/p>\n

    Continue Reading<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":113,"featured_media":9729,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":""},"categories":[3,8,7826],"tags":[541515,2467,385636,250249],"class_list":["post-9714","post","type-post","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-culture","category-language","category-when-in-russia","tag-food","tag-restaurants","tag-russian-food","tag-thematic-vocabulary"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9714","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/113"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9714"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9714\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9982,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9714\/revisions\/9982"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9729"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9714"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9714"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9714"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}