{"id":13774,"date":"2020-10-12T00:00:59","date_gmt":"2020-10-12T04:00:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/spanish\/?p=13774"},"modified":"2020-10-11T21:44:35","modified_gmt":"2020-10-12T01:44:35","slug":"12-de-octubre-dia-de-la-resistencia-indigena","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/spanish\/12-de-octubre-dia-de-la-resistencia-indigena\/","title":{"rendered":"12 de Octubre: D\u00eda de la Resistencia Ind\u00edgena"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"\"

“Explotaci\u00f3n de M\u00e9xico por los conquistadores espa\u00f1oles” by Diego Rivera. Image taken from www.gob.mx<\/p><\/div>\n

It may not be so contentious an issue from a North American standpoint, but for Latin-Americans everywhere this question has always been significant: What is the most appropriate name for October 12th<\/sup>?<\/p>\n

Throughout the 20th<\/sup> century, how Columbus Day should be called became an important subject when one remembers what it was supposed to be commemorated there: Spain’s arrival in the Americas on October 12th<\/sup>, 1492, with explorer Crist\u00f3bal Col\u00f3n (the Spanish name for Christopher Columbus) at the helm of the expedition.<\/p>\n

Because of ethical, respect and moral reasons, there is a new whole perspective regarding el d\u00eda de Col\u00f3n<\/em>, as it is considered wrong to celebrate the Spanish\u2014and subsequently European\u2014conquest of \u201cel Nuevo Continente\u201d (the New Continent, in reference to the Americas).<\/p>\n

This national holiday is viewed as a commemoration of Indigenous peoples’ struggle against foreign invaders and a chance to remember\u2014in the most respectful light\u2014all the Aboriginal peoples that were exterminated in the centuries after Columbus\u2019s endeavor. In some instances, it is understood as the moment when two very different cultures met, and the many results of that historical clash.<\/p>\n

That is the reason why, in recent decades, many Spanish-speaking countries around the globe have been changing the name of this holiday, in order to shine more light on its positive aspects or even long-ignored elements. Let\u2019s check some of the most well-known.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

D\u00eda de la Raza<\/strong><\/p>\n

As the most common name for this holiday, \u201cD\u00eda de la Raza\u201d (Day of the Race) is the official name used in Colombia, Honduras, Mexico, Panama, El Salvador, and in some states of the US. One justification for using the term \u201crace\u201d is that it would be a reference to the \u201cIbero-American race\u201d; in other words, \u00a0the cultural mixture of many different people on the Americas.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

D\u00eda de la Hispanidad<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cNational Day of Spain and Hispanic Day\u201d was the name chosen for the Spanish government to refer to October 12th<\/sup> from 1981 until 1987, when it was again modified to the current \u201cNational Day of Spain\u201d. However, \u201cHispanic Day\u201d is still widely accepted there, and is even the official name for it in Guatemala.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

D\u00eda del Respeto a la Diversidad Cultural<\/strong><\/p>\n

In 2010, the Argentinean government decided to replace the name \u201cD\u00eda de la Raza\u201d (Day of the Race) to \u201cD\u00eda del Respeto a la Diversidad Cultural\u201d (Day of Respect of Cultural Diversity), as it showed a less prejudiced conception of peoples and the way they can peacefully coexist. Nonetheless, on the other side of the R\u00edo de la Plata, Uruguayans just preferred \u201cD\u00eda de la Diversidad Cultural\u201d (Day of Cultural Diversity).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

D\u00eda del Encuentro de Dos Mundos<\/strong><\/p>\n

Informally known as \u201cD\u00eda de la Raza\u201d, Chile picked the name \u201cD\u00eda del Encuentro de Dos Mundos\u201d (literally, Day of the Meeting of Two Worlds) in 2000 to change the traditional, official name for this day since 1922: \u201cAniversario del Descubrimiento de Am\u00e9rica\u201d (that is, the Anniversary of the Americas\u2019 Discovery).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

D\u00eda de los Pueblos Originarios y del Di\u00e1logo Intercultural<\/strong><\/p>\n

In the case of Peru, October 12th<\/sup> is not a legal holiday, but it is officially commemorated since 2009 as the \u201cD\u00eda de los Pueblos Originarios y del Di\u00e1logo Intercultural\u201d (\u201cDay of the Aboriginal Peoples and Intercultural Dialogue\u201d).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

D\u00eda de la Descolonizaci\u00f3n<\/strong><\/p>\n

In Bolivia, October 12th<\/sup> was decreed in 2011 to be celebrated as the \u201cD\u00eda de la Descolonizaci\u00f3n\u201d (Decolonization Day), after having being officially known as \u201cD\u00eda de la Liberaci\u00f3n, de la Identidad y de la Interculturalidad\u201d (\u201cDay of Liberation, Identity and Interculturalism\u201d).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

D\u00eda de la Resistencia Ind\u00edgena<\/strong><\/p>\n

Venezuela and Nicaragua chose for their part to honor the Pre-Columbian peoples by highlighting their struggle against the European advance on their territories. \u201cD\u00eda de la Resistencia Ind\u00edgena\u201d (\u201cDay of Indigenous Resistence\u201d) has been the name of the holiday in Venezuela since 2002. Meanwhile, Nicaragua made it a bit more inclusive: there, it is called \u201cD\u00eda de la Resistencia Ind\u00edgena, Negra y Popular\u201d (Day of the Indigenous, Black and the People\u2019s Resistance).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

How do you think this day should be called? What do you do to commemorate this date? Share your thoughts on the comment below!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\"\"

It may not be so contentious an issue from a North American standpoint, but for Latin-Americans everywhere this question has always been significant: What is the most appropriate name for October 12th? Throughout the 20th century, how Columbus Day should be called became an important subject when one remembers what it was supposed to be…<\/p>\n

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