{"id":5522,"date":"2012-08-23T14:06:21","date_gmt":"2012-08-23T18:06:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/spanish\/?p=5522"},"modified":"2012-08-23T14:06:21","modified_gmt":"2012-08-23T18:06:21","slug":"spanish-lexicon-latin-origin-of-words-and-expressions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/spanish\/spanish-lexicon-latin-origin-of-words-and-expressions\/","title":{"rendered":"Spanish lexicon. Latin origin of words and expressions"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Al igual toda lengua, el espa\u00f1ol ha sido siempre influenciado por todas las culturas con las que ha convivido a lo largo de los siglos. Me gustar\u00eda repasar algunas de ellas, ya que son palabras muy integradas en nuestro idioma.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">El espa\u00f1ol es una lengua romance que procede del lat\u00edn, as\u00ed que su herencia de esta lengua es bastante elevada. Existen diversas categor\u00edas, que vamos a mencionar brevemente:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">&#8211; Palabras <strong>patrimoniales<\/strong>, procedentes del lat\u00edn vulgar, que ha sufrido las transformaciones fon\u00e9ticas y morfol\u00f3gicas propias del espa\u00f1ol, y siguen vivas hoy d\u00eda desde la \u00e9poca romana. Tal es el caso de <em>populus<\/em> (pueblo),\u00a0 o <em>miraculum<\/em> (milagro).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">&#8211; <strong>Cultismos<\/strong>, palabras que se incorporaron a nuestro idioma durante la edad Media, y han sufrido leves cambios fon\u00e9ticos para adaptarse al espa\u00f1ol. Suelen ser palabras asociadas a las artes y las ciencias: <em>nauticus<\/em> (n\u00e1utico), <em>legitimus<\/em> ( leg\u00edtimo) <em>optimus<\/em> (\u00f3ptimo).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">&#8211; Otro ejemplo son los <strong>dobletes<\/strong>, o sea, dos palabras actuales, una culta y otra m\u00e1s com\u00fan, que han evolucionado de un mismo vocablo latino:<\/p>\n<p>de <em>parabola<\/em>:\u00a0 palabra y par\u00e1bola<\/p>\n<p>de <em>fabulam<\/em>:\u00a0 habla y f\u00e1bula.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">&#8211; <strong>Latinismos<\/strong>, o sea, palabras y expresiones tomadas directamente del lat\u00edn, y que no han sufrido modificaci\u00f3n alguna. Son comunes los sintagmas formados por una preposici\u00f3n y un sustantivo, o dos sustantivos juntos:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><em>Ex profess<\/em>o:\u00a0 a prop\u00f3sito<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><em> In situ<\/em>:\u00a0 en el mismo lugar<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><em>Ipso facto<\/em>:\u00a0 en el mismo momento<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Estoy segura de que todas estas palabras y expresiones las habr\u00edais reconocido como latinas sin problema. \u00bfPero tambi\u00e9n conoc\u00edais el origen latino de <em>agenda, alias, libido, placebo<\/em> y <em>caries<\/em>? \u00bfY qui\u00e9n puede decirme qu\u00e9 significan las siguientes expresiones, y como se dicen en vuestro idioma?<\/p>\n<p><em>peccata minuta<br \/>\nvox p\u00f3puli,<br \/>\nmotu proprio<br \/>\ngrosso modo<br \/>\nc\u00f3rpore insepulto<\/em><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>Spanish lexicon. Origin of words and expressions<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">As any other language, Spanish has always been influenced by all the cultures it has coexisted throughout the centuries with. I would like to go through some of them, because they are words very integrated in our language.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Spanish is a Romance language that comes from the Latin, so its inheritance of this language is very large. There are several categories, which we are going to mention briefly:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">&#8211; <strong>Patrimonial<\/strong> words, proceeding from the common Latin, which have suffered the phonetic and morphologic transformations into Spanish, and they are still alive from the Roman time. Such it is the case of <em>populus<\/em> (people), or <em>miraculum<\/em> (miracle).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">&#8211; <strong>Learned words<\/strong> (similar to the English inkhorn terms in some cases), words that joined to our language during the Middle Ages, and which have suffered slight phonetic changes to adapt themselves to Spanish. They are words usually associated with the arts and sciences:\u00a0 <em>nauticus<\/em> (nautical), <em>legitimus<\/em> ( leg\u00edtimo) <em>optimus<\/em> (\u00f2ptimo)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">&#8211; Another example are the <strong>cognates<\/strong>, that is to say, two current words, one more learned and one more common, which have evolved of the same Latin word:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">from <em>parabola<\/em>: word and parable<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">From <em>fabulam<\/em>: speech and fable.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">&#8211; <strong>Latinisms<\/strong>, words and expressions taken directly from Latin, and that have not suffered any modification. They are commonly the phrases formed by a preposition and a noun, or two nouns:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><em>Ex-professo<\/em>: on purpose<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><em>In situ<\/em>:\u00a0 in the same place<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><em>Ipso fact<\/em>o: at the same moment<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">I am sure you would have recognized all these words and expressions as Latin without any problem. But did you also know the Latin origin of <em>agenda, alias, libido, placebo<\/em> and <em>caries<\/em>? And who can tell me the meaning of the following expressions, and how are they told in your language?<\/p>\n<p><em>peccata minuta<br \/>\nvox p\u00f3puli,<br \/>\nmotu proprio<br \/>\ngrosso modo<br \/>\nc\u00f3rpore insepulto<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Al igual toda lengua, el espa\u00f1ol ha sido siempre influenciado por todas las culturas con las que ha convivido a lo largo de los siglos. Me gustar\u00eda repasar algunas de ellas, ya que son palabras muy integradas en nuestro idioma. El espa\u00f1ol es una lengua romance que procede del lat\u00edn, as\u00ed que su herencia de&hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"post-item__readmore\"><a class=\"btn btn--md\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/spanish\/spanish-lexicon-latin-origin-of-words-and-expressions\/\">Continue Reading<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":47,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":""},"categories":[61202,13,1],"tags":[66,358369],"class_list":["post-5522","post","type-post","status-publish","hentry","category-learning-2","category-vocabulary","category-uncategorized","tag-expressions","tag-vocabulary"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/spanish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5522","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/spanish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/spanish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/spanish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/47"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/spanish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5522"}],"version-history":[{"count":20,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/spanish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5522\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5542,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/spanish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5522\/revisions\/5542"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/spanish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5522"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/spanish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5522"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/spanish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5522"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}