{"id":210,"date":"2009-05-25T23:51:16","date_gmt":"2009-05-26T03:51:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/swedish\/?p=210"},"modified":"2009-05-25T23:51:16","modified_gmt":"2009-05-26T03:51:16","slug":"past-participles-of-regular-verbs","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/swedish\/past-participles-of-regular-verbs\/","title":{"rendered":"Past Participles of Regular Verbs"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Last time when we talked about Swedish supines (in Swedish it\u2019s the verb form that\u2019s used in perfect tenses,) and past participles (in Swedish, it\u2019s the verb form that\u2019s used as an adjective), I picked a really tough example \u2013 \u201c<strong>skriva<\/strong>\u201d (to write).<\/p>\n<p>Of course, since \u201c<strong>skriva<\/strong>\u201d is an irregular verb (just like in English), things got a bit complicated when I tried to explain what Swedish past participles are and how they are used.<\/p>\n<p>But at least we got the hard bit out of the way and today you can breathe easy, because past participles of regular verbs are very straightforward. Don\u2019t you just love regular verbs?<\/p>\n<p>You see, with regular verbs, you just stick some letters to the end of the word, or add something to the verb\u2019s basic form.<\/p>\n<p>1. For example, \u201c<strong>d<\/strong>\u201d is added to longish verbs that end in \u201c<strong>a<\/strong>\u201d or to those that have a voiced consonant in the basic form, like this:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>intressera + d \u2192 intresserad<\/strong> \u2013 interested<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u00f6ka + d \u2192 \u00f6kad<\/strong> \u2013 increased<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>gl\u00f6mma<\/strong> \u2013 first you remove the ending and you get &#8220;gl\u00f6m&#8221;, then you add \u201c<strong>d<\/strong>\u201d<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>gl\u00f6m + d \u2192 gl\u00f6md<\/strong> \u2013 forgotten<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>st\u00e4nga<\/strong> \u2013 first you remove the ending and you get &#8220;st\u00e4ng&#8221;, then you add \u201c<strong>d<\/strong>\u201d<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>st\u00e4ng + d \u2192 st\u00e4ngd<\/strong> \u2013 closed<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>2. Ok, how about verbs that in their basic form (when you remove the ending \u201ca\u201d) end in a voiceless consonant, such as <strong>p, t, k<\/strong>, and <strong>s<\/strong>? To form past participles of those guys, you add \u201c<strong>t<\/strong>\u201d to the basic form:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>k\u00f6p + t \u2192 k\u00f6pt<\/strong> \u2013 bought<\/li>\n<li><strong>t\u00e4nk + t \u2192 t\u00e4nkt<\/strong> \u2013 thought<\/li>\n<li><strong>l\u00e4s + t \u2192 l\u00e4st<\/strong> \u2013 read<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Then sometimes \u201c<strong>dd<\/strong>\u201d is added to certain verbs. Those are normally verbs that end in a loooooong, stressed vowel, in other words, very short verbs such as:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>tro + dd \u2192 trod<\/strong> \u2013 believed<\/li>\n<li><strong>kl\u00e4 + dd \u2192 kl\u00e4dd<\/strong> \u2013 dressed<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>See? That wasn\u2019t so bad now, was it?<br \/>\nUnfortunately, when it comes to Swedish past participles, you have to remember that they are not like English past participles, but rather like adjectives that are used to describe nouns. It may seem complicated and difficult at first, but as one of the readers very aptly pointed out, it\u2019s still nothing when compared with romance languages.<\/p>\n<p>Still, too much grammar in one sitting is not good for anyone, so we will stop here for now. Next time we\u2019ll tackle those irregular past participles in greater detail. Because when you look at them carefully, you\u2019ll notice that they\u2019re not all that irregular after all.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Last time when we talked about Swedish supines (in Swedish it\u2019s the verb form that\u2019s used in perfect tenses,) and past participles (in Swedish, it\u2019s the verb form that\u2019s used as an adjective), I picked a really tough example \u2013 \u201cskriva\u201d (to write). Of course, since \u201cskriva\u201d is an irregular verb (just like in English)&hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"post-item__readmore\"><a class=\"btn btn--md\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/swedish\/past-participles-of-regular-verbs\/\">Continue Reading<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[364864,3344,166],"class_list":["post-210","post","type-post","status-publish","hentry","category-grammar","tag-grammar","tag-past-participles","tag-verbs"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/swedish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/210","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/swedish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/swedish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/swedish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/swedish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=210"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/swedish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/210\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/swedish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=210"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/swedish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=210"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/swedish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=210"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}