{"id":5012,"date":"2012-01-17T13:16:30","date_gmt":"2012-01-17T13:16:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/swedish\/?p=5012"},"modified":"2012-01-17T13:19:35","modified_gmt":"2012-01-17T13:19:35","slug":"stop-or-shut","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/swedish\/stop-or-shut\/","title":{"rendered":"Stop or shut?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Similar to the nouns in last Tuesday’s post, there are a number of Swedish verbs that have the same infinite form but different meanings and different conjugation.<\/p>\n

One of the best examples is the words sluta<\/em>, meaning either “stop”, “end”, or “shut”, depending on its context and grammatical conjugation. It is also worth noting that sluta<\/em> as “stop” or “end” is intransitive<\/strong>, meaning that you can not sluta<\/em> something \u2013 inserting a direct object after it makes no sense. You can, however, sluta<\/em> doing something or sluta med<\/em> something. Here are some examples<\/p>\n

Lektionen <\/span>slutar<\/span>om<\/span> fem<\/span> minuter<\/span>.<\/em> \u2013 The lesson<\/span> ends<\/span><\/span> in<\/span> five<\/span> minutes<\/span>.
\nSluta<\/span> tjata p\u00e5* <\/span>mig<\/span>!<\/em> \u2013 Stop <\/span>nagging <\/span>me<\/span>! (*P\u00e5<\/em> in this case is tied to the verb, but not emphasized. You can’t say, for example, tjata mig<\/em>.)
\nSluta<\/span> med<\/span> tjatandet<\/span>!<\/em> \u2013 Stop<\/span> with<\/span> the nagging<\/span>!<\/p>\n

[Note: If you want to “stop” something (i.e. from doing something), you can use the word stoppa<\/em>. If you want to “stop” something from being in motion, use the word stanna<\/em>.]<\/p>\n

Here is the conjugation of sluta<\/em> meaning “end” or “stop”:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
sluta<\/em> – to stop\/end<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
slutar<\/span><\/em> – stop\/end, stops\/ends, am\/is\/are stopping\/ending<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
slutade<\/span><\/em> – stopped\/ended, was\/were stopping\/ending<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
har slutat<\/span><\/em> – have\/has stopped\/ended, have\/has been stopping\/ending<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
hade slutat<\/span><\/em> – had stopped\/ended, had been stopping\/ending<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n


\nSluta<\/em> with the definition of “shut”<\/strong>, however, is a transitive verb<\/strong>, meaning that something can’t just sluta<\/em>; it has to sluta<\/em> something else. Here is an example:<\/p>\n

Jag<\/span> sl\u00f6t<\/span> \u00f6gonen<\/span> och<\/span> somnade<\/span>.<\/em> \u2013 I<\/span> shut<\/span> my eyes<\/span> and<\/span> fell asleep<\/span>.<\/p>\n

If you want to say “His<\/span> eyes<\/span> shut<\/span>“, because sluta<\/em> in this definition is transitive, you have to say either:<\/p>\n

Hans<\/span> \u00f6gon<\/span> sl\u00f6t sig<\/span>.<\/em> (if they shut themselves on their own, i.e. via reflex) or:<\/p>\n

Hans<\/span> \u00f6gon<\/span> sl\u00f6ts<\/span>.<\/em> (if they were shut, most likely by him himself, saying it from a first-person, relatively literary perspective).<\/p>\n

Sluta<\/em> meaning “shut” is conjugated like so:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
sluta<\/em> – to shut<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
sluter<\/span><\/em> – shut\/end, shuts\/ends, am\/is\/are shutting<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
sl\u00f6<\/span>t<\/em> – shut, was\/were shutting<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
har slutit<\/span><\/em> – have\/has shut, have\/has been shutting<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
hade slutit<\/span><\/em> – had shut, had been shutting<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Another good example of this phenomenon is sticka<\/em>, meaning either “knit” or “be off” or “leave”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
sticka<\/em> – to knit<\/td>\nsticka<\/em> – to be off\/leave<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
stickar<\/span><\/em> – knit, knits, am\/is\/are knitting<\/td>\nsticker<\/span><\/em> – am\/is\/are off, leave\/leaves, am\/is\/are leaving<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
stickade<\/span><\/em> – knit(ted), was\/were knitting<\/td>\nsta<\/span>ck<\/em> – was\/were off, left<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
har stickat<\/span><\/em> – have\/has knit(ted), have\/has been knitting<\/td>\nhar stu<\/span>ckit<\/span><\/em> – have\/has left\/gone<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
har stickat<\/span><\/em> – had knit(ted), had been knitting<\/td>\nhade stu<\/span>ckit<\/span><\/em> – had left\/gone<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

These are only two examples of such words. There are several more that will pop up as you learn more Swedish!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Similar to the nouns in last Tuesday’s post, there are a number of Swedish verbs that have the same infinite form but different meanings and different conjugation. One of the best examples is the words sluta, meaning either “stop”, “end”, or “shut”, depending on its context and grammatical conjugation. It is also worth noting that…<\/p>\n

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