{"id":6016,"date":"2012-10-23T19:55:43","date_gmt":"2012-10-23T19:55:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/swedish\/?p=6016"},"modified":"2012-10-23T19:55:43","modified_gmt":"2012-10-23T19:55:43","slug":"suffixes-aktig-and-massig","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/swedish\/suffixes-aktig-and-massig\/","title":{"rendered":"Suffixes: -aktig and -m\u00e4ssig"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>In the Swedish language, there are lots of different <em>avledningar<\/em>, or bound morphemes that you can add to words to change their part of speech as well as their function in a given context. Some examples of <em>avledningar<\/em> are:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>-het<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>be-<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>f\u00f6r-<\/em> (when unemphasized)<\/li>\n<li><em>-ig<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>-lig<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>-bar<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>And there are many more. But two <em>avledningar<\/em> that have been particularly useful to me in speaking Swedish are <em>-aktig<\/em> (pronounced \/&#8217;ak:tig\/) and <em>-m\u00e4ssig<\/em> (pronounced \/&#8217;mes:ig\/).<\/p>\n<p>So what do these suffixes mean? Well, <em>-aktig<\/em> could be translated as the English suffix <em>-like<\/em>, as in &#8216;cat-like&#8217; (<em>kattaktig<\/em>) or &#8216;machine-like&#8217; (<em>maskinaktig<\/em>). What&#8217;s interesting here is that Swedish also has the suffix <em>-lig<\/em>, which comes from the same place that the English <em>-like<\/em> comes from, but has a much closer connection to English <em>-ly<\/em> in meaning. In the case of English, <em>-ly<\/em> was an early grammaticalization of the word <em>like<\/em>, and with time its form and meaning as a suffix has changed. More recently, the same word <em>like<\/em> has been grammaticalized a second time (which is why we still pronounce it [lajk]) to mean what <em>-like<\/em> means today as a suffix.<\/p>\n<p>Here&#8217;s an example of a word with the suffix <em>-aktig<\/em> in a sentence:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Michael Phelps \u00e4r verkligen fisk<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">aktig<\/span> n\u00e4r han simmar.<\/em> &#8211; Michael Phelps is really fish-like when swims (lit. when he swims).<\/p>\n<p><em>-m\u00e4ssig<\/em> is also a very useful <em>avledning<\/em>. It corresponds to the English suffix <em>-wise<\/em>:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Svenskabloggen p\u00e5 Transparent.com har mycket att erbjuda inneh\u00e5lls<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">m\u00e4ssigt<\/span>.<\/em> &#8211; The Swedish Blog at Transparent.com has a lot to offer content-wise.<\/p>\n<p>There is a suffix <em>-vis<\/em> in Swedish which comes from the same place as <em>-wise<\/em>, but it is not used in the same way. For example, <em>gradvis<\/em> isn&#8217;t exactly the same as &#8216;grade-wise&#8217; or &#8216;degree-wise&#8217;, but rather means &#8216;gradually&#8217; or &#8216;bit by bit&#8217;.<\/p>\n<p>Hope I have been able to enrich your Swedish vocabulary! Good luck using these <em>avledningar<\/em>!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In the Swedish language, there are lots of different avledningar, or bound morphemes that you can add to words to change their part of speech as well as their function in a given context. Some examples of avledningar are: -het be- f\u00f6r- (when unemphasized) -ig -lig -bar And there are many more. But two avledningar&hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"post-item__readmore\"><a class=\"btn btn--md\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/swedish\/suffixes-aktig-and-massig\/\">Continue Reading<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":62,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":""},"categories":[6,3079,13],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6016","post","type-post","status-publish","hentry","category-grammar","category-swedish-language","category-vocabulary"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/swedish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6016","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/swedish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/swedish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/swedish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/62"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/swedish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6016"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/swedish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6016\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6017,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/swedish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6016\/revisions\/6017"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/swedish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6016"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/swedish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6016"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/swedish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6016"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}