Hindi Language Blog

Compound in Hindi – II

Posted on 12. May, 2012 by Nitin Kumar in Hindi Language

Compound (समास – Samaas) in Hindi comes into existence when two or more than two mutual words are joined in Hindi.

Today, I will cover the compound in Hindi where the second term or clause is important. These compound are called तत्पुरुष समास (Tatpurush Samaas). This compound is further divided into six types as follow,

1. These compounds are made by omitting the verb between two words. These compound could be broken by “को” (ko – to) like in following examples

i) जेबकतरा (Jebkatra) = जेब को कतरने वाला (who pick pockets)
ii) स्वर्गगत (Svarggat) = स्वर्ग को गत (who goes to heaven)
iii) यशप्राप्त (Yashprapt) = यश को प्राप्त (Who get the fame)

2. These compounds are made by omitting the instrumental case. These compound could be broken by “से” (Se – from) like in following examples,

i) मनचाहा (Manchahaa) = मन से चाहा (liked from mind)
ii) हस्तलिखित (Hastlikhit) = हस्त से लिखित (written from hand)
iii) अकालपीड़ित (Akaalpidit) = अकाल से पीड़ित (oppressed from famine)

3. These compounds are made by omitting the dative case. These compound could be broken by “के लिए” (ke liye – for) like in following examples,

i) देश – भक्ति (Desh – Bhakti) = देश के लिए भक्ति (devotion for a country)
ii) राहखर्च (Raahkharch) = राह के लिए खर्च (expense for a journey)
iii) रसोईघर (Rasoighar) = रसोई के लिए घर (house for a kitchen)

4. These compounds are made by omitting the ablative case. These compound could be broken by “से” (Se – from) like in following examples,

i) देशनिकाला (Deshnikaala) (De = देश से निकाला (removed from a country)
ii) ऋणमुक्त (Rinmukt) = ऋण से मुक्त (free from a loan)
iii) धनहीन (Dhanhin) = धन से हीन (deficient from money)

5. These compounds are made by omitting the genitive case. These compound could be broken by “का” (Kaa – of) or “के” (Ke – of) or “की” (Ki – of) like in following examples,

i) सेनापति (Senapati) = सेना का पति (Commander of Army)
ii) पराधीन (Paraadhin) = पर के आधीन (Under of someone)
iii) राजसभा (Raajsabha) = राजा की सभा (Assembly of a King)

6. These compounds are made by omitting the locative case. These compound could be broken by “में” (Mein – in) or “पर” (Par – on) like in following examples,

i) वनवासी (Vanvaasi) = वन में वास (lodging in a forest)
ii) आपबीती (Aapbiti) = आप पर बीती (happened/lasted on self)
iii) घुड़सवार (Ghudsavaar) = घोड़े पर सवार (Ride on a horse)

Tags: compounds in hindi, hindi compound, Samaas, समास

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About Nitin Kumar

Nitin Kumar is a native Hindi speaker from New Delhi, India. Professionally, he has got Masters in Robotics and currently works in the field of technical research in hi-tech industry in Germany. His passion for Indian culture and writing in particular, has motivated him to share technical and cultural blogs on various websites. He has been working with Transparent Language since 2010 and has written over 250 blogs on various facet of his motherland, India and his language, Hindi. He is also the Administrator for Hindi Facebook page which has a community of over 330,000 members.

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