In Hindi, we know that there are words from nouns, verbs, adjectives and adverbs which decline with the gender, grammatic numbers and tense as per the context of a sentence. Such word are called विकारी शब्द (Vikaari Shabd). However, there also exist words which do not decline with gender, grammatic numbers and tense. These words are called अविकारी शब्द (Avikaari Shabd).

As the topic suggest, we would learn about those In-declinable words in this post.

These words could be grouped in 5 groups. Lets go through each one with some examples.

1. क्रिया – विशेषण (Kriya Visheshan) – Adverb

These words come from Adverbs.

a. वह धीरे – धीरे  (dhire – dhire – Slowly) चल रहा है। He is walking slowly.
b. आप वहाँ (vahan – there) देखिये। See there.
c. मैं ध्यानपूर्वक (dhyaanpurvak – attentively) सुन रहा हूँ। I am listening attentively.
d. कार तेज़ (tez – fast) चल रही है। Car is running fast.

2. संबंधबोधक (Sanbandhbodhak) – Post-Position or Preposition

These words come from post-position or preposition.

a. मैं राहुल के साथ (ke sath – with) घर जाऊँगा। I will go home with Rahul.
b. घर के आगे (ke aage – in front of) गाड़ी खड़ी है। Vehicle is parked in front of the house.
c. आज में तुम्हे हिंदी के बारे (ke baare – about) में बताऊंगा। Today, I will tell you about Hindi.
d. मैं तुम्हारे घर के बाहर (ke baahar – outside of) खड़ा हूँ। I am standing in front of your house.

3. समुच्चयबोधक (Samauchebodhak) – Conjunction

These words come from Conjunctions.

a. माता और (aur – and) पिता। Father and mother.
b. पढाई करो अन्यथा (anyatha – or) असफल हो जाओगे। Study or you will fail.
c. तुम नालायक हो पर (par – but) पास हो जाते हो। You are unworthy but you get success.
d. तुम्हे अच्छी नौकरी मिल गई इसलिए (isliye – that’s why) तुम घमाडी हो गए। You got a good job that’s why you became arrogant.

4. विस्मयादिबोधक (Vismayaadibodak) – Interjection

These words come from Interjections.

a. अहा! (aha) कितना अच्छा मौसम है। Aha! what a nice weather.
b. अरे! (are – aw) आप लोग कब आये? Aw! when did you come guys?
c. सावधान! (saavdhaan – caution) कल तुम्हारी बारी है। Caution! tomorrow is your turn.
d. छि:! (chi – eww) यह तो बहुत गन्दी जगह है। Eww! what a shabby place.

5. निपात (Nipaat) – Emphasis

These words come from word used to give emphasis.

a. मैं भी (bhi – also) मुंबई जा रहा हूँ। I am also going to Mumbai.
b. तुम ही (hi – only) को मिलना है। Have to meet you only.
c. श्याम तो (to – emphasis on the following verb) गया। Shyam has left.
d. मैं दिन भर (bhar – all, complete) काम कर रहा था। I was working all day.