There’s something called a visarga. A visarga comes after a vowel and takes the pronunciation from the vowel it follows. Here are some examples:

1. ka = k + ah क : = क + अ

    

2. kaa = k + aah का : क + आ

    

3. kih = k + ih कि : क + इ

    

4. kii = k + i की : क + ई

    

5. kuh = k + uh कु : क + उ

    

6. kuu = k + uu कू : क + ऊ

    

7. keh = k + eh के : क + ए

    

8. kai = k + ai कै : क + ऐ

    

9. koh = k + oh को : क + ओ

    

10. kau = k + au कौ : क + औ

There is also a special dotted character called chandra bindi (चंद्रबिंदी ). A chandra bindi (चंद्रबिंदी ) is used to indicate a soft and longer nasal sound.

Here are some examples of words that use the chandra bindi (चंद्रबिंदी ):

Means: whereabouts: (कहाँ )

Means: chill: (कँपकँपी )

There’s also a special dot placed under characters ढ and ड that indicates a softer sound

Meaning: curry (कढ़ी )

Meaning: clap (कड़क)