Perguntas e frases negativas in English Posted by Ester on Nov 12, 2015 in Intermediário
Hello to you all! I hope you have been well.
Para muitos brasileiros, entender e usar a gramática do Inglês no dia a dia se torna um desafio quando tentamos nos comunicar com certa fluência. É bom lembrar: ser fluente não tem nada a ver com falar rápido, ter a ver com falar corretamente sem ter que parar toda hora para tentar lembrar a palavra ou frase que você deseja usar.
Uma das questões gramaticais as quais os brasileiros mais têm dificuldade seria fazer perguntas e frases negativas de forma correta sem ter que parar para pensar e sem alterar, assim, a fluência. Isso deve-se ao fato da existência de auxiliares na língua inglesa.
Existem regras bem simples para se fazer perguntas e frases negativas em Inglês que quase nenhum professor ensina em sala de aula, deixando os alunos confusos e tentando memorizar todos os auxiliares quando na verdade eles já estão na frase, com exceção do auxiliar DO, como vocês verão abaixo:
- Se a frase contêm apenas o verbo BE em qualquer de suas formas, usaremos sempre o verbo BE para fazer perguntas e negativas:
- I am twenty-seven years old.
Interrogative: Am I twenty-seven years old?
Negative: I am not twenty-seven years old.
- Kendra was a friend of mine.
Interrogative: Was I fine?
Negative: I was not fine.
- Se existe algo entre o sujeito e o verbo, usamos este algo para fazer perguntas e negativas:
OBS.: Caso exista mais de um “algo” entre o sujeito e o verbo, usando sempre a primeira palavra.
- Karla is studying now.
Interrogative: Is Karla studying now?
Negative: Karla is not studying now.
- I am going to be a scientist when I grow up.
Interrogative: Am I going to be a scientist when I grow up?
Negative: I am not going to be a scientist when I grow up.
- Shane was traveling last month.
Interrogative: Was I traveling last month?
Negative: I was not traveling last month.
- Carol will send that letter today.
Interrogative: Will Carol send that letter today?
Negative: Carol will not send that letter today.
- Fred will be moving to another city this time tomorrow.
Interrogative: Will Fred be moving to another city this time tomorrow?
Negative: Fred will not be moving to another city this time tomorrow.
- You will have received this email by tomorrow afternoon.
Interrogative: Will you have received this email by tomorrow afternoon?
Negative: You will not have received this email by tomorrow afternoon.
- I have met him before.
Interrogative: Have I met him before?
Negative: I have not met him before.
- Gabriel has been talking on the phone for hours!
Interrogative: Has Gabriel been talking on the phone for hours!
Negative: Gabriel has not been talking on the phone for hours!
- He had been watching TV for 3 hours when I told him to turn it off.
Interrogative: Had he been watching TV for three hours when I told him to turn it off?
Negative: He had not been watching TV for three hours when I told him to turn it off.
- Se a frase não possui nada entre o sujeito e o verbo, usaremos o auxiliar DO em qualquer de suas formas (DO, DOES, DID):
OBS.: Lembre-se de que o verbo sempre volta a sua forma original nesse caso!
- This company donates money to charity.
Interrogative: Does this company donate money to charity?
Negative: This company does not donate money to charity.
- Lia went to the cinema with my cousin.
Interrogative: Did Lia go to the cinema with my cousin?
Negative: Lia did not go to the cinema with my cousin.
Viram como não é tão complicado assim? O único auxiliar que não está na frase original é o DO!
E prestem bastante atenção com o DO, pois muitos brasileiros, mesmo sabendo as regras se enrolam na hora de falar e esquecem que com o DO, o verbo volta à sua forma original.
Let me know if you have any questions.
Have a nice week everyone!
Build vocabulary, practice pronunciation, and more with Transparent Language Online. Available anytime, anywhere, on any device.