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Spanish Lesson Intermediate 28 Conditional sentences Posted by on Jan 18, 2012 in Spanish Grammar, Spanish Vocabulary, Videos

¡Hola! ¿Cómo estáis?

Today, we are going to see how to construct Conditional Sentences in Spanish.

The Conditional tense is broadly defined as the verb tense that is used to indicate that an action or state of being is dependent on the occurrence of a condition. The Spanish Conditional tense is known as both El condicional and El futuro hipotético (“The Hypothetical Future”). Unlike the past, future and present tenses, the Spanish Conditional doesn’t always refer to a particular period of time. Its name suggests that it is used when there’s a condition involved, but it also has close connections with the future tense. Verbs in El condicional don’t refer to events that definitely or necessarily have happened or are happening, they refer to hypothetical acts.

There are three conditional tenses…

Let´s start with the Spanish 1st Conditional: (likely actions in the present or future) Si + presente (indicativo) + presente(indicativo):

• Si hace calor, voy a la playa: If it is hot, I go to the beach
• Si no tenemos mucho trabajo, vamos al cine: If we don´t have much work, we go to the cinema

Si + presente (indicativo) + futuro simple(indicativo):

• Si mañana hace calor, iré a la playa: If tomorrow is hot, I will go to the beach
• Si no tenemos mucho trabajo, iremos al cine: If we don´t have much work, we will go to the cinema

Si + presente (indicativo) + imperativo:

• Si hace calor, vete a la playa: If it is hot, go to the beach
• Si no tenéis mucho trabajo, id al cine: If you don´t have much work, go to the cinema (you/group)

Let´s see now how to construct sentences in Spanish using the Spanish 2nd Conditional

The Spanish 2nd Conditional: (imaginary present/future actions) Si + imperfecto (subj) + condicional simple:

• Si hiciera calor, iría a la playa: If it was hot, I would go to the beach
• Si no tuviéramos/tuviésemos mucho trabajo, iríamos al cine: If we didn´t have much work, we would go to the cinema

And finally we will se the Spanish 3rd Conditional:

The Spanish 3rd Conditional: (imaginary past actions) Si + pret. Pluscuamperfecto (subj) + condicional compuesto:

• Si hubiera/hubiese hecho calor, habría ido a la playa: If it had been hot, I would have gone to the beach
• Si no hubiéramos/hubiésemos tenido mucho trabajo, habríamos ido al cine: If we hadn´t had much work, we would have gone to the cinema

De + infinitivo compuesto + condicional compuesto:

• De haber hecho calor, habría ido a la playa: If it had been hot, I would have gone to the beach
• De no haber tenido mucho trabajo, habríamos ido al cine: If we hadn´t had much work, we would have gone to the cinema

I have condensed quite a lot of information into this Spanish lesson so take things step by step and concentrate on one conditional at a time. I would suggest studying and practicing the three Spanish conditionals in order with lots of practice sentences using a wide variety of verbs. Look out for these types of sentences in books, magazines and articles on the web and slowly but surely try to use them in conversation as well.

Have a great day and see you next time with more Spanish!

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About the Author: Laura & Adam

Laura & Adam have been blogging and creating online Spanish courses for Transparent Language since 2010. Laura is from Bilbao in northern Spain and Adam is from Devon in the south of England. They lived together in Spain for over 10 years, where their 2 daughters were born, and now they live in Scotland. Both Laura & Adam qualified as foreign language teachers in 2004 and since have been teaching Spanish in Spain, the UK, and online.


Comments:

  1. David:

    Thanks your lessons are useful & comprehensive

  2. Felipe Canete:

    Thanks so much for the lessons. This is one of the hardest topics to teach and learn in a foreign language. I’m an Spanish teacher for children mainly and I also do music to teach Spanish, which is great to keep the attention of little ones. But this is great when I have to explain it to adults.
    Thanks for your time to put together this lesson.
    Adios
    Felipe