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Formation of Adjectives in Hindi – I Posted by on Jun 17, 2012 in Hindi Language

Today, we will learn how to form adjectives from nouns. Like in English, we have some suffixes which are added to noun to derive adjectives.

In this post, we will limit our focus on some of the suffixes like इक (ek), य (ya), इत (et), आ (aa), ईय (iya) and ई (ee). More suffixes will be covered in our next post.

Lets focus on the examples for the suffixes. I hope, they are not difficult. All we have to learn is some suffixes, right? 🙂

इक (ek) प्रत्यय (Suffix)
You can form adjectives by adding इक (ek) suffix to the noun as following:

शरीर (Sharir – Body) -> शारीरिक (Sharirik – Bodily)
इतिहास (Itihas – History) -> एतिहासिक (Itihaasik – Historical)
परिवार (Parivar – Family) -> पारिवारिक (Parivaarik – Familial)
नीति (Niti – Ethics) -> नैतिक (Naetik – Ethical)

य (ya) प्रत्यय (Suffix)
You can form adjectives by adding य (ya) suffix to the noun as following:

वन (Van – Forest/Wood) -> वन्य (Vany – Wild)
पूजा (Puja – Worship/Honor) -> पूज्य (Pujy – Honored)

इत (et) प्रत्यय (Suffix)
You can form adjectives by adding इत (et) suffix to the noun as following:

अपमान (Apmaan – Insult) -> अपमानित (Apmaanit – Insulted)
अनुमान (Anumaan – Estimate) -> अनुमानित (Anumaanit – Estimated)
नियम ( Niyam – Rule) -> नियमित (Niyamit – Regular)
मोह (Moh – Delusion) -> मोहित (Mohit – Deluded)

आ (aa) प्रत्यय (Suffix)
You can form adjectives by adding आ (aa) suffix to the noun as following:

प्यार (Pyaar – Love) -> प्यारा (Pyaara – Lovely)
प्यास (Pyaas – Thirst) -> प्यासा (Pyaasa – Thirsty)
भूख (Bhukh – Hunger) -> भूखा (Bhukha – Hungry)

ईय (iya) प्रत्यय (Suffix)
You can form adjectives by adding ईय (iya) suffix to the noun as following:

भारत (Bharat – India) -> भारतीय (Bharatiya – Indian)
राष्ट्र (Rastra – Nation) -> राष्ट्रीय (Rastriya – National)
स्वर्ग (Svarg – Heaven) -> स्वर्गीय (Svargiya – Heavenly)
जाति (Jaati – Race) -> जातीय (Jaatiy – Racial)

ई (ee) प्रत्यय (Suffix)
You can form adjectives by adding ई (ee) suffix to the noun as following:

रोग (Rog – Disease) -> रोगी (Rogi – Diseased)
दुःख (Dukh – Sadness) -> दु:खी (Dukhi – Sad)
सुख (Sukh – Happiness) -> सुखी (Sukhi – Happy)
संयम (Sanyam – Restraint) -> संयमी (Sanyami – Restrained)

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About the Author: Nitin Kumar

Nitin Kumar is a native Hindi speaker from New Delhi, India. His education qualification include Masters in Robotics and Bachelors in Mechanical Engineering. Currently, he is working in the Research and Development in Robotics in Germany. He is avid language learner with varied level of proficiency in English, German, Spanish, and Japanese. He wish to learn French one day. His passion for languages motivated him to share his mother tongue, Hindi, and culture and traditions associated with its speakers. He has been working with Transparent Language since 2010 and has written over 430 blogs on various topics on Hindi language and India, its culture and traditions. He is also the Administrator for Hindi Facebook page which has a community of over 330,000 members.