Today, we will learn how to form adjectives from nouns. Like in English, we have some suffixes which are added to noun to derive adjectives.

In this post, we will limit our focus on some of the suffixes like इक (ek), य (ya), इत (et), आ (aa), ईय (iya) and ई (ee). More suffixes will be covered in our next post.

Lets focus on the examples for the suffixes. I hope, they are not difficult. All we have to learn is some suffixes, right? 🙂

इक (ek) प्रत्यय (Suffix)
You can form adjectives by adding इक (ek) suffix to the noun as following:

शरीर (Sharir – Body) -> शारीरिक (Sharirik – Bodily)
इतिहास (Itihas – History) -> एतिहासिक (Itihaasik – Historical)
परिवार (Parivar – Family) -> पारिवारिक (Parivaarik – Familial)
नीति (Niti – Ethics) -> नैतिक (Naetik – Ethical)

य (ya) प्रत्यय (Suffix)
You can form adjectives by adding य (ya) suffix to the noun as following:

वन (Van – Forest/Wood) -> वन्य (Vany – Wild)
पूजा (Puja – Worship/Honor) -> पूज्य (Pujy – Honored)

इत (et) प्रत्यय (Suffix)
You can form adjectives by adding इत (et) suffix to the noun as following:

अपमान (Apmaan – Insult) -> अपमानित (Apmaanit – Insulted)
अनुमान (Anumaan – Estimate) -> अनुमानित (Anumaanit – Estimated)
नियम ( Niyam – Rule) -> नियमित (Niyamit – Regular)
मोह (Moh – Delusion) -> मोहित (Mohit – Deluded)

आ (aa) प्रत्यय (Suffix)
You can form adjectives by adding आ (aa) suffix to the noun as following:

प्यार (Pyaar – Love) -> प्यारा (Pyaara – Lovely)
प्यास (Pyaas – Thirst) -> प्यासा (Pyaasa – Thirsty)
भूख (Bhukh – Hunger) -> भूखा (Bhukha – Hungry)

ईय (iya) प्रत्यय (Suffix)
You can form adjectives by adding ईय (iya) suffix to the noun as following:

भारत (Bharat – India) -> भारतीय (Bharatiya – Indian)
राष्ट्र (Rastra – Nation) -> राष्ट्रीय (Rastriya – National)
स्वर्ग (Svarg – Heaven) -> स्वर्गीय (Svargiya – Heavenly)
जाति (Jaati – Race) -> जातीय (Jaatiy – Racial)

ई (ee) प्रत्यय (Suffix)
You can form adjectives by adding ई (ee) suffix to the noun as following:

रोग (Rog – Disease) -> रोगी (Rogi – Diseased)
दुःख (Dukh – Sadness) -> दु:खी (Dukhi – Sad)
सुख (Sukh – Happiness) -> सुखी (Sukhi – Happy)
संयम (Sanyam – Restraint) -> संयमी (Sanyami – Restrained)