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Masculine and Feminine Nouns in Hindi Posted by on Apr 30, 2014 in Hindi Language

In this post, I will show you some easy rules which will help you to detect the masculine and feminine nouns in Hindi.

Masculine nouns are called (पुल्लिंग संज्ञा – Pulling Sangya) whereas, the feminine nouns are called (स्त्रीलिंग संज्ञा – Striling Sangya). As you have already guessed it, noun is called (संज्ञा – Sangya).

Masculine Nouns (पुल्लिंग संज्ञा – Pulling Sangya)

There are certain nouns which are always masculine and can be classified as such,

1. Words which end in sound of “aa” (आ) such as कपडा (Kapada – Cloth), लोहा (Loha – Iron) etc.
2. Name of the countries (देश – Desh) such as भारत (Bharat – India), जर्मनी (Germany), फ्रांस (France) etc.
3. Name of the mountains (पर्वत – Parvat) such as हिमालय (Himalaya), कैलाश (Kailash), आरावली (Aaraavali) etc.
4. Name of the planets (ग्रह – Grah) such as मंगल (Mangal – Mars), शनि (Shani – Saturn), बुध (Budh – Jupitar) etc.
5. Name of the metals (धातु – Dhatu) such as सोना (Sona -Gold), पीतल (Peetal – Brass) etc.
6. Name of the days (दिन – Din) such as सोमवार (Somvaar – Monday), मंगल (Mangalvaar – Tuesday) etc.
7. Name of the seas (सागर – Sagar)  such as हिंद महासागर (Hind Mahasagar – Indian Ocean), अरब सागर (Arab Sagar – Arabic Ocean) etc.
8. Name of the stones (पत्थर – Parvat)  such as हीरा (Hira – Diamond), मोती (Moti – Pearl) etc.

Feminine Noun (स्त्रीलिंग संज्ञा – Striling Sangya)

There are certain noun which are always feminine and can be classified as such,

1. Words which end in sound of “ee” (ई) such as रोटी (Roti – Flat Bread), बेटी (Beti – Daughter) etc.
2. Name of the languages (भाषा – Bhasha) such as हिंदी (Hindi), अंग्रेज़ी (Angrezi – English), चीनी (Chini – Chinese) etc.
3. Name of the rivers (नदी – Nadi)  such as यमुना (Yamuna), गंगा (Ganga), सरस्वती (Saraswati) etc.
4. Words which ends with sound “ta” (ता), “aee” (आई), “aavat” (आवट), “iya” (इया)  such as सुन्दरता (Sundarata – Beauty), बुराई (Buraee – badness), सजावट (Sajaavat – Decoration) etc.
5. Name of the weapons (शास्त्र – Shastra) such as बन्दूक (Banduk – gun), तलवार (Talvaar – Sword), तोप (Toap – Cannon) etc.

Some of the noun are used for both masculine and feminine like कोयल, उल्लू etc. To differentiate between the two, we need to add a prefix “नर”(Nar) for masculine and “मादा” (Maada) for feminine. So, it will be नर कोयल (Nar Koyal) for Mas. Cuckoo and मादा उल्लू (Maada Ullu) for Fem. Owl.

Some nouns are not clear and can only be found from the context1. For example :

1. प्रधानमंत्री कल जा रहे हैं. – Pradhanmantri kal ja rahe hain – Prime Minster is going tomorrow.
Here “रहे हैं” – jaa rahe (is going) indicate the Prime Minister is Masculine with “रहे” (declension from Raha (Mas. Singular) to Rahe (Formal Mas. Singular or Plural) )

2. प्रधानमंत्री दिल्ली जा रही हैं.  – Pradhanmantri dilli ja rahi hain  – Prime Minister is going to Delhi.
Here “रही हैं” – jaa rahe (is going) indicate the Prime Minister is Feminine with “रही” (Rahi)  which is feminine as per our rule no. 1 from above for feminine nouns.

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About the Author: Nitin Kumar

Nitin Kumar is a native Hindi speaker from New Delhi, India. His education qualification include Masters in Robotics and Bachelors in Mechanical Engineering. Currently, he is working in the Research and Development in Robotics in Germany. He is avid language learner with varied level of proficiency in English, German, Spanish, and Japanese. He wish to learn French one day. His passion for languages motivated him to share his mother tongue, Hindi, and culture and traditions associated with its speakers. He has been working with Transparent Language since 2010 and has written over 430 blogs on various topics on Hindi language and India, its culture and traditions. He is also the Administrator for Hindi Facebook page which has a community of over 330,000 members.

Comments:

  1. prakash:

    Very good words

  2. darshal:

    good words

  3. Manish Agarwal:

    Dear Nitin,

    Please help!
    Ghiya is Masculine or Feminine?

    Thanks.

    • Nitin Kumar:

      @Manish Agarwal Namaste Manish,

      Ghiya is masculine.

      Hope this help!

  4. Dipendra:

    Hello admin,
    भाषा itself masculine or feminine?

    • Nitin Kumar:

      @Dipendra Namaste Dipendra,

      भाषा is feminine.

  5. L.Hrangkhawl:

    Helpful and worth reading

  6. saanyaa:

    very useful…clear explanation..thanks a lot.

  7. Divya:

    is “pagal” masculine or feminine?

    • Nitin Kumar:

      @Divya @Divya: pagal is masculine and pagali is feminine.

  8. reshu begum:

    hello admin delhi striling ya pulling?

    • Nitin Kumar:

      @reshu begum @reshu begum: Delhi (Dilli in Hindi) is striling.

  9. varisha:

    good it helped me for my exams

  10. parthesh:

    good it helped me a lot

  11. swati:

    karbala is mas. or fem.?????

    • Nitin Kumar:

      @swati @Swati: there is no such word in Hindi as Karbala.

  12. Neelesh:

    Hi Admin,

    is Pustak(book) mas or fem?
    is Kitab(book) mas or fem?
    is Kitab(award) mas or fem?

    • Nitin Kumar:

      @Neelesh @Neelesh: Pustak and Kitab are both feminine and means Book in English.
      3rd…I think, you meant Khitab (Prize or Award). Khitab is masculine.

  13. Sree Harika:

    thanks
    it helped me during my exams

  14. Unknown:

    Dear Nitin,

    घास is Masculine or Female

    Thanks

    • Nitin Kumar:

      @Unknown @Unknown : घास is Female.

  15. sri:

    Family,masculine or feminine

    • Nitin Kumar:

      @sri @Sri: Family is a feminine noun.

  16. sylvia:

    Hi which sentence is correct:
    Mina ka wiwah kal hoga or mina ki wiwah kal hoga…I think first one is correct but my daughter’s teacher insists it should be ki… Pls advice, tnx

    • Nitin Kumar:

      @sylvia @Sylvia: “Mina ka Vivah kal hoga” is correct, because “Vivah (Marriage) is a masculine word in Hindi.

  17. Tanish:

    Which is correct ? Mujhe yaad aa raha hain or mujhe yaad aa rahi hain?

    Does the verb here change as per the gender of the person speaking?

  18. ismu:

    nachne ki baat or nachne ka baat?

    • Nitin Kumar:

      @ismu @ismu: nachne ki baat is correct.

  19. khushi mittal:

    Sakhiyan ka pulling kya hoga

  20. Nitin:

    What is the feminine of bhakta

    • Nitin Kumar:

      @Nitin भक्तिन

  21. Reshma:

    झाड़ु पुल्लिंग है या स्त्रीलिंग?

    • Nitin Kumar:

      @Reshma @Reshma: झाड़ु स्त्रीलिंग हैं।

  22. Reshma:

    रोड/सड़क पुल्लिंग है या स्त्रीलिंग

    • Nitin Kumar:

      @Reshma @Reshma: रोड/सड़क स्त्रीलिंग हैं।

  23. Vishnu:

    Dear Nitin
    Can you please tell me if these words are masculine/feminine

    Ghar
    Gaanv
    Belt/Shoe/Cloth

    And I had learnt in high school that Pustak is masculine??

    • Nitin Kumar:

      @Vishnu @Vishnu: Ghar, Ghaanv, Juta (Shoe) and Kapda (cloth) are masculine. Belt is feminine.

  24. Ravish:

    Bharat is Mata , how is it masculine?

  25. Renu:

    ‘mujhe bhook lag rahi hai’ or ‘lag raha hai’ ? or does this depend on the person’s gender?

    • Nitin Kumar:

      @Renu @Renu: Mujhe bhookh lag rahi hai is correct. It depend on gender of noun ‘bhookh’ and not on person’s gender.

  26. Saj Ahmed:

    Hi Nitin,

    Which would be correct?

    मुझे हिंदी आता है। or मुझे हिंदी आती है। Or does it depend on the gender? An explanation would be greatly appreciation 🙂

    • Nitin Kumar:

      @Saj Ahmed Hi Saj,

      Only “मुझे हिंदी आती है।” is correct.
      Because हिंदी is feminine noun so verb verb declension should be आती.

  27. sneha dashupta:

    Hello Nitin,

    चादर is masculine or feminine?

  28. Neeta:

    Nitinji Chandi is feminine/masculine gender….. cos people always say Chandi ki payal. .. and not Chandi ka payal. …..

  29. Damodaran:

    Pl let me know the faminine gender of BAGICHA, if there. Thanks

    • Nitin Kumar:

      @Damodaran bagicha is masculine noun.

  30. ruchi:

    are chapal , matar masculine

  31. Reshma:

    Kithaab, aalu, sadak, gadi

  32. unknown:

    batak means what? and is it a sthree ling or pul ling? if its sthree what is its pul linga or viceversa?

    • Nitin Kumar:

      @unknown @unknown: Batakh (Duck) is a feminine noun.

  33. unknown:

    and I’ve also heard name of places (except Srilanka) are masculine. So how delhi is feminine gender? and I’ve studied name of metals gold(sona) is pulling and silver (chaandi) is sthreeling? you wrote all metals are masculine. so can you please clarify these 2 doubts?

    • Nitin Kumar:

      @unknown @unknown: As I told in several articles that the Hindi noun which end in “i” sound are more likely to be feminine. These two noun are no different though there are exception like Paati (husband) is masculine. Though the grammatical gender of nouns should always be learned by heart.

  34. Umesh:

    Feminine of bagh in hindi

  35. Parveez:

    Please let me know whether the word ‘haalat’ i.e condition is masculine or feminine.

    • Nitin Kumar:

      @Parveez it is masculine.

  36. Aisha ahmed:

    What is the masculine of bhilni pls tell me

  37. Dhiren:

    I want to know striling of below:
    देव- देवी
    दानव-????
    Please reply on my email…. Waiting eagerly

    • Nitin Kumar:

      @Dhiren दानवी

  38. Dhiren:

    दानव का female लिंग क्या होगा???
    Reply on my email

    • Nitin Kumar:

      @Dhiren दानवी

  39. Unknown:

    What is feminine for “माली”?

    • Nitin Kumar:

      @Unknown मालिन

  40. mishti:

    he inspired me a lot

  41. Alpana nandi:

    Is kuti a feminine or masculine word?

  42. Loretta:

    Could u please tell me if school in hindi is female or male…asap

  43. Loretta:

    Vidyala pulling ya striling?

    • Nitin Kumar:

      @Loretta Vidhalaya is striling.

  44. Keerat:

    Hi. Is DHARTI striling or pulling

    • Nitin Kumar:

      @Keerat dharti is striling

  45. lipti:

    Apne bola ki Jo word ‘i’ se end hota hai..wo feminine hai but shaadi to mus.

    • Nitin Kumar:

      @lipti Shaadi is a feminine word. Example, kya aapki shaadi ho gayi? Shaadi feminine hai tabhi aapki and gayi, agar masculine hota to hota…kya aapka shaadi ho gaya hai?

  46. Ana:

    Bharat ki janta; Bharat ki itihaas; so, Bharat is fem. ? Perhaps you can change your first example?

    • Nitin Kumar:

      @Ana @Ana: Bharat is masculine. Use of ‘ki’ is because of grammatical gender of ‘janta’ which is feminine. Sentence ‘Bharat ki itihaas’ is wrong, it should be Bharat ka itihaas because ‘itihaas’ is masculine. Hope it helps!

  47. vandana:

    Chandi kuon si ling he

    • Nitin Kumar:

      @vandana @vandana: Chandi is feminine.

  48. rahul:

    gidad ka istri ling kya hota h

  49. Amit yadav:

    Mobile estriling ya pulling h

  50. annu:

    तालाब pulling or streeling?

    • Nitin Kumar:

      @annu @Annu: तालाब is pulling.

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