Some time back, we have taken the topic of cases in Hindi though it was very concise. In this post, I would like to explain the objective case in Hindi.

Objective case is called कर्म कारक (Karm Kaarak). This is important topic as it helps to differentiate the subject and object of the verb in the sentence. The verbs can be an intransitive or transitive, which have been covered in the last topic.

The objective case in Hindi can be found with questions which ask for “क्या” (Kya – What) and “किसको” (to whom). These question could be formed with क्या + verb? and किसको + verb?. The answer is the objective case.

Now, lets have a look on the objective case with some following examples:

A: If the object is non-living thing.

The sentences where the object are non-living are relatively easier. The objective case usually come between subject and verb.

1. कमल गाड़ी चलता है। –  Kamal gaadi chalata hai – Kamal drives a vehicle.

If you ask the question as mentioned above, क्या + चलता है? or किसको + चलता है? – What does he drive?

The answer is the objective case is “गाड़ी” (Gaadi – Vehicle)

Similarly,

2. सीता स्वेटर बुनती है।

The objective case in this sentence is “स्वेटर” (Svaetar – Sweater)

3. नितिन पुस्तक पढ़ता है।

The objective case is “पुस्तक” (Pustak – Book)

B: If the object is living thing.

If the object is a living thing then the object is followed by “को” (Ko – to) as explained in the following :

1. लड़का बिल्ली को मारता है।

The question would be, क्या + मारता है? or किसको + मारता है? – What do they ?

Here, the object case is,  object + “को” (Ko – to). The object in this sentence is “बिल्ली” (Billi – Cat).

So, the objective case is “बिल्ली को” (Billi ko – to cat) as बिल्ली is an animal.

Similarly,

2. कमला सीता को बुलाती है।

The objective case in this “सीता को” (Sita ko – to Sita) as सीता is a person.

3. नितिन गोपाल को पढाता है।

The objective case in this “गोपाल को” (Gopal ko – to Sita) as गोपाल is a person.

C: If there are two objects in a sentence.

When there is two objects in the sentence, you need to identify the object which would make the objective case. This can be determined as explained below:

1. नितिन गोपाल को पुस्तक पढाता है।

“गोपाल” and “पुस्तक” are two objects of the sentence.

One is direct object (which usu usually come before the verb) and an indirect object (which usually come just after the subject). Here also, you must identify whether the object if they are living or non-living. Put the “को” after the living object(s).

D: If a place is mentioned in the sentence, then it is the objective case.

This can be determined by asking question with “कहाँ” (Kahan – Where) + verb. This is explained below:

1. पिता जी दिल्ली गए हैं – Pita ji dilli gaye hain – Father has gone to Delhi.

Now, if you ask कहाँ गए हैं? Kahan gaye hain? – Where has he gone?

The answer is “दिल्ली” (Dilli – Delhi) which is the objective case.