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O que é “inversion” na gramática inglêsa? Posted by on Apr 20, 2011 in Avançado

inversion acontece quando usamos advérbios negativos no início da frase, em forma de pergunta, para dar ênfase ao que vai ser dito. Veja alguns exemplos:

Nunca ouvi uma desculpa mais esfarrapada!
Frase com inversion: Never have I heard a weaker excuse!
Frase normal: I have never heard a weaker excuse!

Perceba que a posição das palavras indica que é uma pergunta, que na verdade é somente uma forma de enfatizar o que está sendo dito. Mais alguns exemplos:

Rarely can a minister have been faced with such a problem. – Raramente um ministro tem que enfrentar tal problema.
Seldom has the team given a worse performance. – O time raramente teve um desempenho pior.
Rarely had I had so much responsibility. – Eu raramente tinha tido tanta responsabilidade.
Hardly had the train left the station, when there was an explosion. – O trem mal tinha saído da estação quando aconteceu a explosão.
Scarcely had I entered the room when the phone rang. – Eu mal tinha entrado quando o telefone tocou.
No sooner had I reached the door than I realised it was locked. – Eu mal tinha chegado à porta quando percebi que estava trancada.
No sooner was the team back on the pitch than it started raining. – O time mal tinha chegado à quadra quando começou a chover.
Only after posting the letter did I remember that I had forgotten to put on a stamp. – Só depois de colocar a carta na caixa do correio que eu me lembrei de que tinha me esquecido de colocar um selo.
On no condition are they to open fire without a warning. – De jeito nenhum eles devem abrir fogo sem um aviso.
Not until I got home did I notice that I had the wrong umbrella. – Só quando cheguei em casa percebi que eu estava com o guarda-chuva errado.
Little does she know what’s happening. – Ela mal sabe o que está acontecendo.

A inversion também acontece em frases condicionais.

Se eles fossem escapar, haveria um protesto.
If they were to escape, there would be an outcry.
Were they to escape, there would be an outcry.

Se a polícia tivesse descoberto, eu estaria encrencado.
If the police had found out, I would have been in trouble.
Were the police to have found out, I would have been in trouble.

Se você por acaso ouvir algo, me avise.
If you should hear anything, let me know.
Should you hear anything, let me know.

Se ele trapaceou, ele terá de ser punido.
If he has cheated, he will have to be punished.
Should he have cheated, he will have to be punished.

Se eu tivesse sabido, teria protestado veementemente.
If I had known, I would have protested strongly.
Had I known, I would have protested strongly.

See you soon!

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About the Author: Adir

English / Spanish teacher and translator for over 20 years. I have been blogging since 2007 and I am also a professional singer in my spare time.