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Spanish lexicon. Latin origin of words and expressions

Posted on 23. Aug, 2012 by in Learning, Spanish Vocabulary, Uncategorized

Al igual toda lengua, el español ha sido siempre influenciado por todas las culturas con las que ha convivido a lo largo de los siglos. Me gustaría repasar algunas de ellas, ya que son palabras muy integradas en nuestro idioma.

El español es una lengua romance que procede del latín, así que su herencia de esta lengua es bastante elevada. Existen diversas categorías, que vamos a mencionar brevemente:

- Palabras patrimoniales, procedentes del latín vulgar, que ha sufrido las transformaciones fonéticas y morfológicas propias del español, y siguen vivas hoy día desde la época romana. Tal es el caso de populus (pueblo),  o miraculum (milagro).

- Cultismos, palabras que se incorporaron a nuestro idioma durante la edad Media, y han sufrido leves cambios fonéticos para adaptarse al español. Suelen ser palabras asociadas a las artes y las ciencias: nauticus (náutico), legitimus ( legítimo) optimus (óptimo).

- Otro ejemplo son los dobletes, o sea, dos palabras actuales, una culta y otra más común, que han evolucionado de un mismo vocablo latino:

de parabola:  palabra y parábola

de fabulam:  habla y fábula.

- Latinismos, o sea, palabras y expresiones tomadas directamente del latín, y que no han sufrido modificación alguna. Son comunes los sintagmas formados por una preposición y un sustantivo, o dos sustantivos juntos:

Ex professo:  a propósito

In situ:  en el mismo lugar

Ipso facto:  en el mismo momento

Estoy segura de que todas estas palabras y expresiones las habríais reconocido como latinas sin problema. ¿Pero también conocíais el origen latino de agenda, alias, libido, placebo y caries? ¿Y quién puede decirme qué significan las siguientes expresiones, y como se dicen en vuestro idioma?

peccata minuta
vox pópuli,
motu proprio
grosso modo
córpore insepulto

Spanish lexicon. Origin of words and expressions

As any other language, Spanish has always been influenced by all the cultures it has coexisted throughout the centuries with. I would like to go through some of them, because they are words very integrated in our language.

Spanish is a Romance language that comes from the Latin, so its inheritance of this language is very large. There are several categories, which we are going to mention briefly:

- Patrimonial words, proceeding from the common Latin, which have suffered the phonetic and morphologic transformations into Spanish, and they are still alive from the Roman time. Such it is the case of populus (people), or miraculum (miracle).

- Learned words (similar to the English inkhorn terms in some cases), words that joined to our language during the Middle Ages, and which have suffered slight phonetic changes to adapt themselves to Spanish. They are words usually associated with the arts and sciences:  nauticus (nautical), legitimus ( legítimo) optimus (òptimo)

- Another example are the cognates, that is to say, two current words, one more learned and one more common, which have evolved of the same Latin word:

from parabola: word and parable

From fabulam: speech and fable.

- Latinisms, words and expressions taken directly from Latin, and that have not suffered any modification. They are commonly the phrases formed by a preposition and a noun, or two nouns:

Ex-professo: on purpose

In situ:  in the same place

Ipso facto: at the same moment

I am sure you would have recognized all these words and expressions as Latin without any problem. But did you also know the Latin origin of agenda, alias, libido, placebo and caries? And who can tell me the meaning of the following expressions, and how are they told in your language?

peccata minuta
vox pópuli,
motu proprio
grosso modo
córpore insepulto

Viva Mexico Wrap-Up

Posted on 17. Jul, 2012 by in Travel, Uncategorized, Videos

Well, it’s been a fun couple of months sharing stories and videos from my trip to Mexico with everyone here on the Transparent Spanish blog. Before I say “adiós”, here’s a little wrap-up of my trip, with some basic information and links to my previous posts in sequential order.

For those of you hoping to take a similar trip to Mexico, I highly recommend it. Don’t get caught up in all of the media hype about how it’s such a scary, violent country. I’ve said it before and I’ll say it again – Mexico certainly has its problems, but there are plenty of places to visit that are perfectly safe. Plus, it being 2012, there’s no better time to get out and explore the culture and history of the Mayans! In case you were wondering how we went about our trip, here are the details:

Duration: We were in Mexico for just about two weeks. One week was spent traveling around, and the other was spent in Puerto Morelos for the Mayan Holidaze music festival.

Itinerary: As our time was limited and there was a lot that we wanted to do, we really crammed a lot into one week. This is what we did: one day in Cancun, one day at Chichen Itza, two days in Valladolid (which included a trip out to Ek Balam), two days in Tulum, and then two days in Playa del Carmen before heading to the resort.

A map of our Mexico itinerary.

Transportation: We flew into Cancun, which has an international airport that connects to many cities in the US. On the way in we came from Chicago, and on the way out we flew into Dallas. In terms of getting around, we relied on the ADO buses. They were a reliable, economical, and comfortable way to get around, and we never had a single issue. We usually booked tickets a few hours in advance, but you probably wouldn’t have any problems simply walking in and catching the next bus. Stations are usually very centrally located, making it easy to walk to your hotel/hostel, which brings us to…

Accommodation: During our week-long trip running around the Riviera Maya and the Yucatan, we stayed mainly in hostels. In Cancun, we stayed at the Mayan Hostel, which was cheap and very convenient with friendly owners who cooked up a tasty free breakfast.

Near the ruins at Chichen Itza, we spent a night in the Delores Alba hotel, which has a nice little pool and great food.

Next up we stayed in the very quaint hostel La Candelaria in Valladolid. With a nice garden area that included hammocks and an outdoor kitchen with free breakfast, it was a great place to stay for a few nights.

Peaceful garden area at La Candelaria.

We then headed to Tulum, where we stayed in town at the Mama’s Home, which was more like a B&B than a hostel. Our spacious, private room was very reasonably priced, we were once again treated to a delicious, free hot breakfast, and they had nice bicycles available for rent.

Finally, in Playa del Carmen, we stayed at the Hostel Rio. Aside from a central location and a rooftop bar that provided free drinks for a few hours every night, it was nothing to write home about. Great if you’re looking to party all night long, but pretty awful if you actually want to get some sleep.

Of course, the highlight of the trip when it came to accommodations was the Now Sapphire resort in Puerto Morelos. For budget travel purposes, however, the rest of our trip was very reasonably priced and quite comfortable.

After a week of hosteling, this resort was beyond amazing.

Activities: Before dancing in the sand and taking advantage of all-inclusive accommodations, we did our best to get out and do as much as we could with the one week that we had. Our focus was exploring as much of the Mayan ruins as possible, and I’d say we were pretty successful –  we visited Chichen Itza, Ek Balam, and Tulum.

It's no wonder this is a New 7th Wonder of the World.

In Valladolid, we wandered the streets and stopped in a few of the colonial churches. We also took a dip in one of the cenotes, which had a rope swing and a nice ledge to jump off. In Tulum, we rode along the beautiful coast on bikes, stopping to sunbathe, swim, and eat. A trip to the Grand Cenote was a great way to beat the heat of the afternoon, and we spent our evenings in town eating, drinking, and being merry.

Grand Cenote in Tulum.

After such a busy couple of days, we didn’t do much in Playa but lounge on the beach, stroll along 5th Avenue to do some window shopping, and sample the nightlife a bit.

Cost: Since we flew in all the way from Beijing, our flight was the biggest expense, followed by the admission to the festival. As far as our week of exploring, it really didn’t put much of a dent in the old wallet. Bus tickets, hostel rooms, and local food were all quite cheap. Admission tickets to the ruins and cenotes were not too much, and in Chichen Itza we even got an amazing guide for a very reasonable price. Basically, if you’re alright with hostels, street food, and not going crazy in the big overpriced bars and clubs, you can swing a Mexico trip on a pretty tight budget.

 

In case you missed out on any of the stories from my trip, here they are in the order in which they were posted:

Overview

Cancun

Chichen Itza

Valladolid

Ek Balam

Tulum Ruins

Tulum Beach and Cenote 

Playa del Carmen

 

As for the videos, you can find all of my travel vids, plus a ton of informative Spanish lessons all on our YouTube page. Here are my two personal favorites:

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A tour of Chichen Itza.

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Wandering through the incredible ruins of Tulum.

 

Once again, I’d like to say a big “muchos gracias” to Transparent Language for giving me the chance to share my stories and videos, and of course to the wonderful readers who have made our page such a success. If you’re like me and your Spanish is basically non-existent, you’re advised to check out all of the resources that we have to help you learn Spanish. If you have any questions or comments about my trip to Mexico, feel free to leave them here. Adiós amigos!

Playing in Playa

Posted on 13. Jun, 2012 by in Travel, Uncategorized

All roads lead to the beach.

Although it was hard to leave Tulum, we had no choice, as our suitcasing adventure rolled into Playa del Carmen. Arriving in Playa via the ADO bus, we headed out onto the main road, Quinta Avenida (5th Avenue). This cobblestone road is pedestrian only and has a very relaxed beach side resort vibe about it – shops, restaurants, and bars dot the sides of the road, which is full of tourists sporting Hawaiian shirts, flip-flops, and cold cervesas. A short stroll up the road lead us to our hostel, the Rio Playa. Located just one block from the beach and half a block off 5th Avenue, the location was ideal; the accommodations, however, were nothing to write home about. Our windowless private room featured one of the most uncomfortable beds I’ve ever slept on, and the bars downstairs blared loud music until the wee hours of the morning. At least this encouraged us to go out and enjoy the nightlife scene; after all, sleep is always possible after enough shots of tequila. For those looking to party, this hostel does feature a rooftop bar that offers up free drinks to guests on a nightly basis, so it’s a great place to meet fellow travelers, kick back, and have a good time.

Small rooftop pool at Rio Playa.

 

Mariachi bands abound.

For our first night in town, we hit the streets in search of food, drink, and music. Luckily, all three things were easy to find – from street food, to mariachi bands serenading tourists, to street side bars serving up ice cold margaritas, the hardest part was choosing what to eat and drink. As a major tourist destination with plenty of options, the local bars and restaurants all do their best to reel customers in with nightly deals and live entertainment. Unable to choose between the endless restaurants, we eventually settled on massive piña coladas from one street vendor and even bigger pizza slices from another. After wandering the streets for a while, we found a bar that had a decent band and kicked up our feet to enjoy the tunes and a few more adult beverages.

Amazing street food - a great way to start the day.

Having spent the previously week running around like crazy, bouncing from Mayan ruin to Mayan ruin, we opted to spend our only full day in Playa relaxing on the beach. Before hitting the beach, we grabbed some incredible pork tacos in the road for a late breakfast. We paid a few pesos to rent some nice beach chairs and umbrellas, and simply laid back with good books and a few rather strong margaritas. Not much for sitting on a beach chair all day, I eventually got up to go for a dip. On my way into the water I spotted a fishing boat pulling in, and I moved closer to take a look. Local fishermen were unloading the day’s catch – massive fish, some of which must have clocked in at over 100 pounds. Thanks, guys – I sure appreciated your hard-work, especially when I was enjoying a fantastic seafood dinner later that evening.

Rachel enjoying the beach of Playa.

After beach-bumming for a few hours, we headed back to the hostel to clean up and enjoy some rooftop drinks. From there we finally got around to doing a little souvenir shopping – something we had been putting off all trip. Massive shops on 5th Avenue ensure that tourists don’t leave Playa without a bag full of useless trinkets, so one stop was all we needed to grab some small gifts for friends. I even managed to find something for myself, as I spotted an awesome Rey Mysterio Jr. lucha-libre mask. A long-time fan of wrestling, it was a must-have addition to my collection.

Walking around drinking street beers sure helped to work up an appetite, so we chose a restaurant on the main drag with some nice rooftop seating and ordered up some fresh ceviche. This dish, made from raw fish marinated in citrus juices and spiced with a variety of peppers, is incredibly popular in Mexico, and for good reason. If I lived on the beach like the people of Playa do, I’d probably eat it at least a few times a week.

Soaking up the nightlife at Blue Parrot.

It being our last night of the suitcasing portion of our trip, we decided to go big. While Playa’s nightlife scene is not quite as crazy as Cancun’s, it is pretty bumping, to say the least. We started out classy with a few martinis in a small local bar, and then we headed to one of the huge beach side bars called the Blue Parrot. Rope swings surround the bar, and a DJ spins a mix of dance and electronic music to revelers grooving in the sand. There’s also a nightly fire-dancing show, which was quite impressive and made it worth the price of admission (cover charge is for dudes only… ladies get in free).

Bar swings > Bar stools

 

Showing my love for Chac Mool and Mexico in general.

Before heading back to the hostel, we took one last stroll on the beach and settled into a local joint for a few cheap quesadillas to soak up all of the booze. It had been a jam-packed week traveling around the Mayan Riviera, and just like that it was over. Although we stayed in Mexico for another week, the “traveling” portion of the trip had come to an end, as we headed to the Mayan Holidaze music festival at the Now Sapphire resort in Puerto Morelos. It was an incredible experience, during which we got to visit awe-inspiring places like the ruins at Chichen Itza, Ek Balam, and Tulum. We encountered so many friendly and helpful people on our trip, and felt right at home everywhere we stayed. We relaxed on the beautiful beaches, swam in the sacred cenotes, enjoyed countless delicious meals, and just had an amazing time all around. To all the people of Mexico, everyone we met on our trip, and the readers of this blog, all I can say is muchos gracias. Hopefully next time I’ll pick up a little more Spanish…