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Dual and masculine plural in idaafa Posted by on Nov 28, 2012 in Arabic Language, Grammar

Dual nouns in Arabic end in one of two suffixes (ان or ين), e.g. the dual of صديق is صديقان in the nominative case, and صديقين in the accusative and genitive cases.

Masculine plural nouns in Arabic end in one of two suffixes (ون or ين), e.g. the masculine plural of مهندس is مهندسون in the nominative case, and مهندسين in the accusative and genitive cases.

One interesting feature of dual and masculine plurals is that when they are used at the beginning or in the middle of an idaafa construction (إضافة), the final ن has to be deleted, e.g.

An example of a dual noun both in idaafa and without:

صديقان (friends) / صديقا أخي (my brother’s friends)

صديقان (friends) / صديقاه (his friends)

صديقين (friends) / صديقي أخي (my brother’s friends)

صديقين (friends) / صديقيه (his friends)

An example of a masculine plural noun both in idaafa and without:

مهندسون (engineers) / مهندسو الشركة (the company engineers)

مهندسون (engineers) / مهندسوها (its engineers)

مهندسين (engineers) / مهندسي الشركة (the company engineers)

مهندسين (engineers) / مهندسيها (its engineers)

Consider the use of dual and masculine plurals in the following sentences:

أخي له صديقان فقط وهو يحب صديقيه جداً.

في الشركة سكرتيرتان وسكرتيرتا الشركة تتعاونان مع بعضهما البعض.

حاملو الشهادات يجب أن يجدوا وظائف جيدة.

معلمو المدرسة مجتهدون والتلاميذ يحبون معلميهم كثيراً.

 

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