Adjuncts of time in Indonesian Posted by asimonoff on Jan 25, 2018 in Uncategorized
| sekarang | now |
| kini | now, nowadays |
| saat ini | at this moment |
| kemarin | yesterday |
| besok | tomorrow |
| lusa | the day after tomorrow |
| dulu, dahulu | indicating a much earlier time point in the past, previously . In another context, “dulu” could mean “first before the other”. For example: “saya mau makan dulu sebelum pergi ke dokter.” (I will eat first before going to the doctor) |
| kemudian | afterwards |
| akhir-akhir ini | lately, recently |
| baru-baru ini | recently, the other day, a while ago |
| mula-mula | at first |
| akhirnya | finally |
| sebentar lagi | in a moment |
| tadi | a short while ago |
| tadi pagi/pagi tadi | earlier in the morning |
| tadi siang | earlier in the afternoon |
| tadi malam | last night |
| nanti | soon, shortly |
| nanti siang/siang nanti | later in the afternoon |
| nanti sore/sore nanti | later in the late afternoon |
| nanti malam | tonight, later in the evening |
| kelak | later in the future |
Example:
- Kami akan pergi ke luar kota besok. We are going out of town tomorrow.
- Dia sudah datang kemarin. He already came yesterday.
Kelak saya ingin menjadi politisi. In the future I want to be a politician.
Let’s practice
Complete the sentence by translating the word in the brackets into Indonesian.
- Mereka akan datang (in a moment).
- Keluarga suami saya pindah ke Medan (recently), kira-kira dua bulan yang lalu.
- (At first) dia bangun, (afterwards) dia makan.
- (Afterwards) dia mandi, berpakaian dan pergi ke kampus.
- (Finally) dia berangkat ke kampus pada jam delapan pagi.
- Saya (literally: once ever) naik kuda (one time in the past).
- Pesawat terbang ke Berlin berangkat (now).
- (At this moment) Presiden Jokowi sedang berlibur di Solo.
- Ibu mertua saya akan sampai di rumah kami jam sebelas (tonight).
- Anak sulungnya ingin menjadi dokter (in the future).
- (Tonight) kami pergi ke restoran Cina.
- Kami sudah belajar di kelas bahasa Indonesia (earlier in the afternoon).
- Kereta api kami kami akan berangkat (in a moment).
- (Finally) dia bisa berbicara bahasa Jerman.
- Menteri Luar Negeri Indonesia (now) berada di Amerika.
- (Later in the future) mereka bekerja di kedutaan Indonesia di Amerika.
- (Tomorrow) kami pergi ke kantor pos.
- Sekarang hari Rabu (the day after tomorrow) hari Jumat.
- (Recently) banyak turis Cina pergi ke Indonesia dan Inggris.
- Saya dan rekan-rekan kerja saya kembali ke Washinton DC (kemarin).
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About the Author: asimonoff
I’m an Indonesian language instructor, instructional material developer, reading test developer, and interpreter. I have been teaching Indonesian to adult students for 15 years, and have been teaching students from many backgrounds, such as private, military and diplomatic service employees. I’m Indonesian, but am living in the US now; my exposure to different cultures in my home country and in the US has enriched my knowledge in teaching Indonesian as a second language. I approach the teaching of the Indonesian language by developing students’ critical cultural awareness and competence. This method of teaching has been proven to be a key to the success of my students. Students become conscious of the essential role culture plays in the language.