There is not “one correct way” of pronuncing Latin, it depends on which kind of Latin you are trying to speak.

Classical Latin

Classical Latin alphabet had these (capital) letters:

A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T, V, X, Y, Z

• C letter always sounds /k/ like in car although it precedes e or i. Cicero /kikero/.
• G sounds always /g/ like in game, although it precedes e or i. Leges /leges/.
• U is always pronunced, also when it is in the QU group. Quintus /kuintus/.
• LL sounds like adouble L (long). Puella /puella/.
• X is sounds like /ks/. Dixi /diksi/.
• Z sounds like /ds/. Zephyrus /dsefyrus/.

The emphasis on the Latin words:

In Latin there is no graphic accent as in other romance languages (á, à, é, è, etc). The accent is marked by the penultimate syllable: if the penultimate syllable is long, that will be the stressed syllable (au-‘tum-nus), if the penultimate syllable is short, the stressed syllable will be the antepenultimate. Note that there are no words in Latin stressed in the last syllable.

Long and short syllables:

In Latin there are long and short syllables. Long syllables are those containing a long vowel or diphthong, the short syllables are the ones containing a short vowel. The general rules for determining the kind of vowels are:

• The diphthongs are always long. The classical Latin diphthongs are ae, au, oe, eu (caelum).
• A vowel followed by two or more consonants or double consonant is long (ancilla).
• A vowel followed by another vowel is short (philia).

Ecclesiastical Latin

The ecclesiastical Latin has the same pronunciation of modern Italian.

• C followed by e, i, æ and œ, sounds like english “ch” in “cherry”. Caelo /tʃe-lo/,  sanctificetur /sanktifitʃetur/.
• For the vowels, we have the following: a, e, i, o, u, are the same as in Spanish, Italian…, but also we have two fusions: æ and œ, which formerly, in Roman times, had the value of /ai/ and /oi/, respectively, but in ecclesiastical Latin they are pronounced simply as /e/. Caelo /tʃe-lo/, poena /pena/.
• J is semi-consonant, and has the value of a y. Alleluja /alleluya/, Jesus /Yesus/.
• U is always pronunced, also when it is in the QU group. Quintus /kuintus/.
• G followed by e or i sounds like ginger in English. Regina /re-dʒi-na/.
• G followed by n sounds like Spanish ñ. /ɲ/.
• H has two different sounds in ecclesiastical Latin. Germans tend to pronounce it like in English: hodie /hodie/. Italians, French and Spanish tend to make it mute: hodie /odie/.
• T followed by i + a, e, o, u, takes a complex sound: /ts/. Tentationem /tentatsionem/.

Anglo-Latin

Anglo-Latin is the name given to Latin words used in English non-liturgical contexts, as some mottos or phrases directly adopted from Latin.

• C before e or i or diphthongs ending in e sound like /s/.
• G ibefore e or i sounds like dg (/dʒ/) in judge.
• Diphthongs ending in -e sound like ee in English see…  For example, “annuit coeptus” on the reverse of the dollar bill is pronounced in Anglo-Latin as “an’-yew-it sep’-tus”, with stress as in classical Latin.