• Last time we discussed the definition of pronouns and learnt about the first type of the Visible Pronouns. Today we look at the second type of the visible pronouns.

Type (2) of the Visible Pronouns

(2)   The Attached (Suffix) Pronoun الضمير المتصل

  This type has THREE sub-categories according to the job each does in the sentence. So we have:

A)    The subject Pronoun ( ضمير رفع (فاعل  which include Six pronoun suffixes:

1-      The Ta’a of the Subject تاء الفاعل :

                            e.g.   كتبتُ الدرس  = I wrote the lesson.

                                    كتبتَ الدرس   = You (male) wrote the lesson.

                                    كتبتِ الدرس  = You (female) wrote the lesson.

                                     كتبتما الدرس = You both wrote the lesson.(Dual)

                                     كتبتـُم الدرس  =  You (all males)  wrote the lesson. (Plural)

                                    كتبتـُنّ الدرس = You (all females) wrote the lesson. (Plural)

2-      The Na’a of the plural subject نا الفاعلين :

                          e.g.    كتبنا الدرس  = We wrote the lesson.  

3-      The Dual Alif ألف الاثنين أو الاثنتين  :

                         e.g.     الولدان كتبا الدرس = The two boys wrote the lesson. (M.Dual Alif)

                                    البنتان كتبتا الدرس  = The two girls wrote the lesson. (F. Dual Alif)

4-      The Plurality Waw واو الجماعة :

                     e.g.    الأولاد كتبـُوا الدرس  = The boys (They) wrote the lesson. (Plural)

5-      The Ya’a of Address (Vocative Ya’a)  ياء المخاطبة :

                      e.g.        اكتبي الدرس سها  = Write the lesson, Soha. (Female)

                                    أنتِ تكتبين الدرس  = You (Female) are writing the lesson.  

6-      The Nuun of the Plural Feminine نون النسوة :

                      e.g.    البنات كتبنَ الدرس  = The girls wrote the lesson. (F. Plural) 

                                 اكتبنَ الدرس  = Write the lesson, girls. (F. Plural)

(Note: These Pronouns are attached to VERBS and act as the subject of these verbs)

B)    The Object Pronoun ( ضمير نصب (مفعول  : which include FOUR pronoun suffixes:

1-      The Ya’a of the speaker (First person Ya’a) ياء المتكلم  :

                             e.g.       تجذبُنِى الكتب  = Books attract me. 

2-      The Na’a of the plural object ناء المفعولين  :

                           e.g.       تجذبنا الكتب  = Books attract us.  

3-      The Ka’af of address (Vocative ka’af)  كاف الخطاب   :

                          e.g.       تجذبكَِ الكتب  = Books attract you (Sing./M./ F).

                                        تجذبكما الكتب  = Books attracts you (Dual)

                                        تجذبكـُم الكتب  = Books attract you (Plural / M.)

                                       تجذبكـُنّ الكتب  = Books attract you (Plural / F.)   

4-      The Ha’a of absence (Third person Ha’a) هاء الغيبة  :

                     e.g.          تجذبهُ الكتب  = Books attract him.

                                      تجذبها الكتب   = Books attract her.

                                      تجذبهـُم الكتب  = Books attract them. (Plural / M.)

                                     تجذبهـُنّ الكتب  = Books attract them. (Plural /F.)

(Note: These pronouns are attached to VERBS but act as the object of these verbs)

C)    The Genitive Pronoun (Possessive) ضمير الجر  which include  FOUR pronoun suffixes:

1-      The Ya’a of the speaker (First Person Ya’a) ياء المتكلم  

                   e.g.         كتابي  = My book = It is mine.

                                   اشترى والدي هدية لي  = My dad bought a present for me.

                                  لي / عندي كلب  = I have a dog.  

2-      The Na’a of the speakers (First person plural) ناء المتكلمين  

                   e.g.         مدرستنا بعيدة  = Our school is far.

                                   لنا / لدينا / عندنا منزل كبير  = We have a big house.         

3-      The Ka’af of address (Vocative Ka’af) كاف الخطاب 

                   e.g.         كتابكَ  = Your book (Sing. / M.).

                                  لكَ / معكَ كتابكَ  = You have your book. (Sing. M.)

                                  كتابكِ  = Your book (Sing. / F.)

                                 لكِ كتابكِ  = You have your book. (Sing. F.)  

                                 كتابكما  = Your book (Dual).

                                 كتابكـُم معكـُم  = You have your book (Plural / M.)

                                كتابكـُنّ معكـُنّ  = You have your book (Plural / F.)       

4-       The Ha’a of absence (Third Person Ha’a) هاء الغيبة  

                 e.g.          لهُ / عندهُ كلب  = كلبهُ  = He has a dog. = His dog.

                                   لها / عندها كلب  = كلبها  = She has a dog. = Her dog.

                                   كلبهما  = They both have a dog. = Their dog.  (Dual).

                                   كلبهُم  = They all have a dog. = Their dog.  (Plural / M.)

                                    كلبهُنّ  = They all have a dog. = Their dog. (Plural / F.)

(Note: These pronouns are attached to Nouns and Prepositions and refer to possession)

الضمائر

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Oh, My God يا إلهي  Arabic pronouns are such an ache!!

Next Time, We will visit the pronouns again.

Check us back soon

Peace سلام  /Salam/