The Predicate of Inna and Sisters  خــبــر إنَّ و أخـــواتــهــــــا

• Kana and Sisters are Verbs while Inna and Sisters are Mabni Words or particles ( Horouf حروف ).
• Both Kana and its Sisters and Inna and its Sisters precede the Nominal Sentence.
• The Mubtada المبتدأ of the nominal sentence turns to be the noun ( Ism اسم ) of Kana and Inna.
• The Khabar الخبر of the nominal sentence remains to be the predicate ( Khabar خبر ) of Kana and Inna.
• The noun (Ism اسم ) of Kana is Marfo’ ; (has a Dammah on the last letter).  
• The noun ( Ism اسم ) of Inna is Mansoob; (has a Fat’ha on the last letter).
• The predicate ( Khabar خبر ) of Kana is Mansoob.
• The predicate ( Khabar خبر ) of Inna is Marfo’.
• Inna and Its Sisters have different meanings and uses.

Now what are the types of the Khabar of Inna and Sisters? Are these types different from those types of the predicate of kana and sisters? The answer is; No, they are not different.

Types of the Predicate of Inna and Sisters

 أنــــــواع خـــــبـــر إنَّ و أخـــواتـــهــــــــــــــــا

The Khabar of Inna and Sisters can be any of the following types:

1) A Singular Predicate (Mofrad) خــــبــر مــفـــرد  :

•  The Khabar of Inna and sisters can be a singular noun (or adjective); not a sentence or semi-sentence.

              Ex.  – إنّ مــِــصــْــرَ جــمــيــلـةٌ   =  (I confirm) Egypt is Beautiful.  

                 –   كــأنَّ الـمـُــقــاتــلـــيـن أســُــودٌ  = The fighters were like lions.

2) A Sentence (Jomlah) جملة   :

•  The Khabar of Inna and Sisters can – by itself – be a sentence.
•  This sentence of the Khabar has two types:

          a) A Nominal Sentence (Jomlah Ismiyah)جــمــلــة اســمــيــــة  

• The predicate of Inna and sisters can be a nominal sentence. The subject of this sentence must have a pronoun (visible or invisible) that refers back to the first subject; (the Ism of Inna and sisters).

                  Ex. – إنَّ الــحــَــقَّ صـــوتـــُـــهُ مــُــرتــفــعٌ   = Truth has its loud voice.  

        b) A Verbal Sentence (Jomlah fi’liyah) جــمــلــة فــعــلـــيـــة

• The predicate can be a verbal sentence. Thus, it can be a sentence that starts with a verb and a pronoun (visible or invisible) that must refer back to the first subject; (the Ism of Inna and sisters).

                 Ex.  – لـَــعــَــلَّ الاخــتــراعَ يــُــفــيــدُ الــبــشـــريــَّــةَ  

                         = I hope the invention would benefit the humanity. .  

3) A Phrasal Predicate (Khabar Shib’h Jomlah) خــبــر شــبــه جــمــلــة   : 

• This type of predicate with Inna and sisters contains a preposition or an adverb. 

                 Ex. – إنَّ الأمــلَ فــي الــشــَّـــبــَـــابِ   

                      = Hope is in the youth.

                      – أعــرفُ أنَّ الــنــِــظــَـــامَ مـِـن أســبــابِ الــنــجــاحِ    

                     = I know discipline is a reason of success.

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Peace  ســَــلام /Salam/