Making nouns plural in the French language can be a bit more complicated than English, but perhaps not. Just like in English, you normally add an -s to the written form of the singular. I say written form, because usually the pronunciation doesn’t change one bit when using a plural noun, except for the links from the article to the noun. But, just as in English, there are exceptions, of course.
→ Nouns that end in -s, -z, -x do not change in the plural form.
un fils → des fils
un gaz → des gaz
une voix → des voix
→ Nouns that end in -eau, -au, -eu take on an -x in the plural.
un tableau → des tableaux
un tuyau → des tuyaux
un jeu → des jeux
Careful!!! There are some exceptions to this rule. un pneu → des pneus
→ There are seven nouns that end in -ou which take on an –x in the plural.
un bijou → des bijoux
un caillou → des cailloux
un chou → des choux
un genou →des genoux
un hibou →des hiboux
un joujou → des joujoux
un pou → des poux
→ Some nouns that end in -ail or -al take on -aux in the plural.
un travail → des travaux
un corail → des coraux
un émail → des émaux
un vitrail → des vitraux
un animal → des animaux
un journal → des journaux
un cheval → des chevaux
un hôpital → des hôpitaux
→ Others, however, follow the general add an -s rule. For example:
un bal → des bals
un carnaval → des carnavals
un festival → des festivals
→ There are of course irregular plurals.
un œil → des yeux
un jeune homme → des jeunes gens
un monsieur → des messieurs
une madame → des mesdames
une mademoiselle → des mesdemoiselles
un ciel → des cieux
→ Proper nouns do not change in the plural. Only the article does:
les Goldman, les Roi, les Fabre.
→ However, an –s can be added to names of artists to when referring to their work. For example: un Monet → deux Monets (in other words, two Monet paintings).
→ Some nouns are only used in the plural form. Examples:
les environs, les gens, les mœurs, les vacances (holidays)
Finally, compound nouns have all sorts of different rules, so we’ll leave them for another article.
Till then, Bonne soirée (Have a good evening).
Comments:
Jack:
What a wonderful additional learning tool. Today is the first time I saw it but from now on i’ll be a regular
Jack
james:
Thankyou, was having trouble making nouns plurals for homework but now I fully understand. Thankyou
aftab:
plural was one of my weakest grammer topics..but after reading this…i feel its one of the easiest..thankyou!!
zoe:
thank you so much this makes it so much easyer to understand!!
Sam:
This was great!! Thanks for your help!