Les classes grammaticales françaises (French Grammatical Classes) Posted by Hichem on Jun 6, 2011 in Grammar
Don’t be just good, or “average good”, in French grammar; why not become un superman de la grammaire française !
(Picture suggested by a fan of The French Blog)
* * *
For that, retour aux bases (back to the basics):
Starting with identifying les classes grammaticales (Grammatical classes), which are today’s subject: Le verbe (the verb), le nom (the name), l’adjectif (the adjective), le déterminant (the determiner), le pronom (the pronoun), la conjonction (the conjunction), la préposition (the preposition), and l’interjection !
* * *
| CLASSE
GRAMMATICALE |
LA FONCTION | L’ACCORD (The Agreement) |
EXEMPLES | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LE VERBE (Verb) |
Le verbe is all about l’action
L’action made by whom? By le sujet (the subject)
|
How to conjugate le verbe? It’s le temps de l’action (the time of the action) that determines the conjugaison
|
Être, avoir, pardonner (to forgive), aimer (to love, to like), croire (to believe), pouvoir (to be able), comprendre (to understand) | |
| LE NOM (Noun) |
“What’s in a name”? That, of course, depends: It could be une idée abstraite (abstract idea), it could be une personne, un animal, or un objet (an object), etc. | L’accord (the agreement) of the le nom occurs with l’adjectif, le déterminant, le pronom, and le verbe | Festival, Lafayette, opéra, Paris, folklore, crêpes, poème | |
| LE DÉTERMINANT (Determiner) |
Used with un nom (a name), the determiner provides more specific information on it, such as le nombre (the number), and le genre (gender) | L’accord (the agreement) happens with le nom which it determines | Un, une, des; le, la, les; ce/cet, cette; mon, ma, mes, ton, ta, tes, son, sa; etc. | |
| L’ADJECTIF
(Adjective) |
Tied to le nom, it helps to express its quality, a relationship, etc. |
|
Merveilleux, pernicieux, facile, fabuleux, énigmatique, sympathique, etc. | |
| PRONOM (Pronoun) |
Mostly to avoid repetition, a pronom (pronoun) can replace un pronom (a pronoun) or un adjectif (adjective) | The agreement is in gender and number | Je, tu, il/elle, nous, vous, ils/elles, on, le mien, le leur, celle-ci, celui, tout, lequel, qui | |
| ADVERBE | An invariable that modifies the sense of d’autres mots (of other words) | Les adverbes are invariable, and therefore have no accord (agreement) | Beaucoup, très, affectueusement, derrière, peu, tellement, assez, parfois | |
| CONJONCTION |
As the word conjonction indicates, its function is to link two words or two sentences | Also invariable, and therefore has no accord (agreement)
|
mais, ou, et, donc, or, ni, car, que, puis, si, néanmoins, comme, parce que, puisque |
|
| PRÉPOSITION
INTERJECTIONS(!) |
A préposition aims at introducing un complément
|
Also invariable
|
Dans, sur, contre, à, sauf, avec, dans, de, depuis, avant, sans, vers, pour
|
Build vocabulary, practice pronunciation, and more with Transparent Language Online. Available anytime, anywhere, on any device.
Comments:
Eric yuen:
For a French language beginner like myself, this post is very useful,informative,and appreciated.
It would more interesting, if there were examples of simple sentences using those “example words”
Merci beaucoup pour votre poste.
Charlee:
I love this blog, I think it one of the most useful around which is why I’ve nominated you for a blog award http://beforecharlees30.blogspot.com/2011/06/irresistibly-sweet-blog-award.html
Thanks so much 🙂