Today is the 60th anniversary of the July 23, 1952 Revolution ثورة . The revolution began with a successful military coup d’etat انقلاب that was led by the Free Officers Movement حركة الضباط الأحرار . The Free Officers were a group of army officers led by Muhammad Naguib محمد نجيب and Gamal Abdel-Nasser جمال عبد الناصر . The Officers were so angry with King Farouk and his alliance with the British Colonization استعمار that they decided to take action against the king. Also, they blamed the loss of the 1948 war withIsrael on the king and his court.
The 1952 Revolution was based on six fundamental principles مبادئ . These principles were the main goals أهداف of the revolution. These goals are:
1- Getting rid of feudalism القضاء على الإقطاع
2- Getting rid of colonization القضاء على الاستعمار
3- Getting rid of capitalism controlling rule القضاء على سيطرة رأس المال على الحكم
4- Setting a sane democratic life إقامة حياة ديمقراطية سليمة
5- Setting a national strong army إقامة جيش وطني قوى
6- Setting a social justice إقامة عدالة اجتماعية
The revolution had so many achievements إنجازات that greatly affected the social, economic, cultural and political life of Egypt. King Farouk was forced to abdicate his throne عرش and leave Egypt. Later on, the Monarchy system النظام الملكي was abolished and the Republic الجمهورية was established. Secondly, the British occupation احتلال of Egypt was completely ended. Lots of businesses أعمال and industries صناعات were nationalized including the Suez Canal International Company. A lot of factories were built and labor flourished. Lands were redistributed among citizens مواطنين . Education was declared free and a right of all people. The budget ميزانية of Higher Education التعليم العالي was doubled and new universities were built all over Egypt. The Egyptian cinema flourished and produced films based on the Egyptian and Arabic literature. Capitalism الرأسمالية was no longer in power. Social justice prevailed as any person could hold any position. The High Dam السد العالى was built and more and more lands were reclaimed.
Lots of people view the revolution as a blessing نعمة for Egypt, however there are some who think it is not as it brought dictator generals into power until the 25th January Revolution.
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Peace ســـلام /Salam/
